A glycolytic shift in Schwann cells supports injured axons.

abstract：:In Huntington's disease (HD), whether transneuronal spreading of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) occurs and its contribution to non-cell autonomous damage in brain networks is largely unknown. We found mHTT spreading in three different neural network models: human neurons integrated in the neural network of organotypic brain...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Pecho-Vrieseling E,Rieker C,Fuchs S,Bleckmann D,Esposito MS,Botta P,Goldstein C,Bernhard M,Galimberti I,Müller M,Lüthi A,Arber S,Bouwmeester T,van der Putten H,Di Giorgio FP

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Motor function requires that motor axons extend from the spinal cord at regular intervals and that they are myelinated by Schwann cells. Little attention has been given to another cellular structure, the perineurium, which ensheaths the motor nerve, forming a flexible, protective barrier. Consequently, the origin of p...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Kucenas S,Takada N,Park HC,Woodruff E,Broadie K,Appel B

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical imaging has enormous potential for early disease prediction, but is impeded by the difficulty and expense of acquiring data sets before symptom onset. UK Biobank aims to address this problem directly by acquiring high-quality, consistently acquired imaging data from 100,000 predominantly healthy participants, ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Miller KL,Alfaro-Almagro F,Bangerter NK,Thomas DL,Yacoub E,Xu J,Bartsch AJ,Jbabdi S,Sotiropoulos SN,Andersson JL,Griffanti L,Douaud G,Okell TW,Weale P,Dragonu I,Garratt S,Hudson S,Collins R,Jenkinson M,Matthews PM,

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disorder whose symptoms are caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons innervating the striatum. As striatal dopamine levels fall, striatal acetylcholine release rises, exacerbating motor symptoms. This adaptation is commonly attributed to the loss of interneuronal regulation b...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Ding J,Guzman JN,Tkatch T,Chen S,Goldberg JA,Ebert PJ,Levitt P,Wilson CJ,Hamm HE,Surmeier DJ

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breathing is a bilaterally synchronous behavior that relies on a respiratory rhythm generator located in the brainstem. An essential component of this generator is the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), which paces inspirations. Little is known about the developmental origin of the interneuronal populations forming the p...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Bouvier J,Thoby-Brisson M,Renier N,Dubreuil V,Ericson J,Champagnat J,Pierani A,Chédotal A,Fortin G

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The weight of synaptic connections, which is controlled not only postsynaptically but also presynaptically, is a key determinant in neuronal network dynamics. The mechanisms controlling synaptic weight, especially on the presynaptic side, remain elusive. Using single-synapse imaging of the neurotransmitter glutamate c...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Sakamoto H,Ariyoshi T,Kimpara N,Sugao K,Taiko I,Takikawa K,Asanuma D,Namiki S,Hirose K

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid progress has been made in understanding the synaptic changes required for memory encoding. Several companies are now attempting to use information about the induction and consolidation phases of this process to build memory-enhancing drugs. These efforts have produced novel compounds that improve retention score...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Lynch G

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal migration disorders such as lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia are associated with epilepsy and intellectual disability. DCX, PAFAH1B1 and TUBA1A are mutated in these disorders; however, corresponding mouse mutants do not show heterotopic neurons in the neocortex. In contrast, spontaneously arisen...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Kielar M,Tuy FP,Bizzotto S,Lebrand C,de Juan Romero C,Poirier K,Oegema R,Mancini GM,Bahi-Buisson N,Olaso R,Le Moing AG,Boutourlinsky K,Boucher D,Carpentier W,Berquin P,Deleuze JF,Belvindrah R,Borrell V,Welker E,Chel

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A picture viewed from its center of projection generates the same retinal image as the original scene, so the viewer perceives the scene correctly. When a picture is viewed from other locations, the retinal image specifies a different scene, but we normally do not notice the changes. We investigated the mechanism unde...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Vishwanath D,Girshick AR,Banks MS

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Every year in the United States, an estimated 500,000 babies are born preterm (before 37 completed weeks of gestation), and this number is rising, along with the recognition of brain injuries due to preterm delivery. A common underlying pathogenesis appears to be perinatal hypoxia induced by immature lung development,...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Salmaso N,Jablonska B,Scafidi J,Vaccarino FM,Gallo V

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Though motor neurons selectively degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, other cell types are likely involved in this disease. We recently generated rNLS8 mice in which human TDP-43 (hTDP-43) pathology could be reversibly induced in neurons and expected that microglia would contribute to neurodegeneration. Howeve...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Spiller KJ,Restrepo CR,Khan T,Dominique MA,Fang TC,Canter RG,Roberts CJ,Miller KR,Ransohoff RM,Trojanowski JQ,Lee VM

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual differences in motor learning ability are widely acknowledged, yet little is known about the factors that underlie them. Here we explore whether movement-to-movement variability in motor output, a ubiquitous if often unwanted characteristic of motor performance, predicts motor learning ability. Surprisingly...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Wu HG,Miyamoto YR,Gonzalez Castro LN,Ölveczky BP,Smith MA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Binocular competition is thought to drive eye-specific segregation in the developing visual system, potentially through Hebbian synaptic learning rules that are sensitive to correlations in afferent activity. Altering retinal activity can disrupt eye-specific segregation, but little is known about the temporal feature...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Zhang J,Ackman JB,Xu HP,Crair MC

更新日期：2011-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Lis1 gene defects impair neuronal migration, causing the severe human brain malformation lissencephaly. Although much is known about its interactions with microtubules, microtubule-binding proteins such as CLIP-170, and with the dynein motor complex, the response of Lis1 to neuronal motility signals has not been eluci...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Kholmanskikh SS,Koeller HB,Wynshaw-Boris A,Gomez T,Letourneau PC,Ross ME

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basal dendrites receive the majority of synapses that contact neocortical pyramidal neurons, yet our knowledge of synaptic processing in these dendrites has been hampered by their inaccessibility for electrical recordings. A new approach to patch-clamp recordings enabled us to characterize the integrative properties o...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Nevian T,Larkum ME,Polsky A,Schiller J

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the cat primary visual cortex, neurons are classified into the two main categories of simple cells and complex cells based on their response properties. According to the hierarchical model, complex receptive fields derive from convergent inputs of simple cells with similar orientation preferences. This model receiv...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Alonso JM,Martinez LM

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A decade after speech was first decoded from human brain signals, accuracy and speed remain far below that of natural speech. Here we show how to decode the electrocorticogram with high accuracy and at natural-speech rates. Taking a cue from recent advances in machine translation, we train a recurrent neural network t...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Makin JG,Moses DA,Chang EF

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) constitute a family of scaffolding proteins that bind the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A (PKA). AKAP binding to PKA regulates the phosphorylation of various proteins, some of which have been implicated in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Here we show that the r...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Moita MA,Lamprecht R,Nader K,LeDoux JE

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cerebral cortex has the ability to adapt to altered sensory inputs. In the visual cortex, a small lesion to the retina causes the deprived cortical region to become responsive to adjacent parts of the visual field. This extensive topographic remapping is assumed to be mediated by the rewiring of intracortical conn...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Keck T,Mrsic-Flogel TD,Vaz Afonso M,Eysel UT,Bonhoeffer T,Hübener M

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We found that K(+)/Cl(-) co-transporter 2 (KCC2) activity, monitored with wide-field fluorescence, was inhibited by intracellular Zn(2+), a major component of neuronal injury. Zn(2+)-mediated KCC2 inhibition produced a depolarizing shift of GABA(A) reversal potentials in rat cortical neurons. Moreover, oxygen-glucose ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Hershfinkel M,Kandler K,Knoch ME,Dagan-Rabin M,Aras MA,Abramovitch-Dahan C,Sekler I,Aizenman E

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cocaine is a widely abused substance with psychostimulant effects that are attributed to inhibition of the dopamine transporter (DAT). We present molecular models for DAT binding of cocaine and cocaine analogs constructed from the high-resolution structure of the bacterial transporter homolog LeuT. Our models suggest ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Beuming T,Kniazeff J,Bergmann ML,Shi L,Gracia L,Raniszewska K,Newman AH,Javitch JA,Weinstein H,Gether U,Loland CJ

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium arising through release from intracellular stores and from influx across the plasma membrane is essential for signalling by specific guidance cues and by factors that inhibit axon regeneration. The mediators of calcium influx in these cases are largely unknown. Transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) bel...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Shim S,Goh EL,Ge S,Sailor K,Yuan JP,Roderick HL,Bootman MD,Worley PF,Song H,Ming GL

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ability to integrate diverse forms of information in current thought, or working memory, is essential for human reasoning and problem solving. We used functional imaging to identify brain regions preferentially involved in maintaining integrated versus unintegrated information in working memory. For equal amounts of v...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Prabhakaran V,Narayanan K,Zhao Z,Gabrieli JD

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amygdala is essential for fear learning and expression. The central amygdala (CeA), once viewed as a passive relay between the amygdala complex and downstream fear effectors, has emerged as an active participant in fear conditioning. However, the mechanism by which CeA contributes to the learning and expression of...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Li H,Penzo MA,Taniguchi H,Kopec CD,Huang ZJ,Li B

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using multimodal neuroimaging in humans, we demonstrate specific interactions between prefrontal activity and midbrain dopaminergic synthesis. A common V(108/158)M substitution in the gene for catecholamine-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an important enzyme regulating prefrontal dopamine turnover, predicted reduced dopam...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Meyer-Lindenberg A,Kohn PD,Kolachana B,Kippenhan S,McInerney-Leo A,Nussbaum R,Weinberger DR,Berman KF

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although inherently linked, body form and body action may be represented in separate neural substrates. Using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy individuals, we show that interference with the extrastriate body area impairs the discrimination of bodily forms, and interference with the ventral prem...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Urgesi C,Candidi M,Ionta S,Aglioti SM

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the neural network becomes wired, postsynaptic signaling molecules are thought to control the growth of dendrites and synapses. However, how these molecules are coordinated to sculpt postsynaptic structures is less well understood. We find that ephrin-B3, a transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, functions postsyna...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Xu NJ,Sun S,Gibson JR,Henkemeyer M

更新日期：2011-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleus HVc of the avian song system is a forebrain structure critical in song production, perception and learning. Here we show that most HVc neurons that respond to auditory stimuli under anesthesia show no responses to the same stimulus in the awake, unrestrained bird. This suppression of auditory responses in awak...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Schmidt MF,Konishi M

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncovering structural regularities and architectural topologies of cortical circuitry is vital for understanding neural computations. Recently, an experimentally constrained algorithm generated a dense network reconstruction of a ∼0.3-mm3 volume from juvenile rat somatosensory neocortex, comprising ∼31,000 cells and ∼...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Gal E,London M,Globerson A,Ramaswamy S,Reimann MW,Muller E,Markram H,Segev I

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recording from neural networks at the resolution of action potentials is critical for understanding how information is processed in the brain. Here, we address this challenge by developing an organic material-based, ultraconformable, biocompatible and scalable neural interface array (the 'NeuroGrid') that can record b...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Khodagholy D,Gelinas JN,Thesen T,Doyle W,Devinsky O,Malliaras GG,Buzsáki G

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00