Abstract：
:VOCs emissions from motor vehicles have become a main source of air pollution in many cities. However, the characteristics of VOCs emissions have not been fully elucidated. Ten representative vehicles were selected in Wuhan, China, and the VOCs emitted by these vehicles under actual working conditions were collected and analyzed through on-road tests. Results showed that the average concentrations of total VOCs emitted by gasoline and diesel vehicles were 5.9 ± 2.4 mg/m3 and 6.8 ± 3.0 mg/m3, while the average emission factors were 5.3 ± 2.2 mg/km and 33.9 ± 22.7 mg/km, respectively. The five compounds emitted at the highest levels by gasoline and diesel vehicles were hexanal, acetone, toluene, p-xylene and iso-pentane. Emission concentration of diesel vehicles was slightly higher than that of gasoline vehicles. Emission factor of diesel vehicles was much higher, because they consumed more fuel and produced more power than gasoline vehicles. The average concentrations of total VOCs emitted by China III, IV and V vehicles were 8.4 ± 1.4 mg/m3, 5.8 ± 3.4 mg/m3 and 5.3 ± 1.9 mg/m3, and their average emission factors were 21.7 ± 18.6 mg/km, 19.4 ± 28.9 mg/km and 9.1 ± 7.2 mg/km, respectively. Vehicle emissions decreased obviously as the emission standards increased. The average concentrations of total VOCs emitted under low-speed and high-speed conditions were 9.4 ± 3.5 mg/m3 and 5.5 ± 1.8 mg/m3. Concentrations of acetone, hexanal, toluene and p-xylene were the highest four VOCs under both conditions. The average emission factor of VOCs under high-speed conditions (24.0 ± 13.6 mg/km) was substantially lower than under low-speed conditions (54.0 ± 41.5 mg/km). Thus, tightening emission standards and reducing traffic congestion would help reduce VOCs emissions.
journal_name
Environ Resjournal_title
Environmental researchauthors
Huang H,Hu H,Zhang J,Liu Xdoi
10.1016/j.envres.2020.109802subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-01 00:00:00pages
109802eissn
0013-9351issn
1096-0953pii
S0013-9351(20)30697-6journal_volume
188pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Recent studies from the Madre de Dios region of Peru report elevated mercury exposure among the general population. Our objective was to assess mercury exposure, risk factors, risk perceptions, and knowledge among women of childbearing age, a population of concern due to risks to infant and fetal health. We collected ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2019.108786
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) can be considered a good indicator species for studying the ecological impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on wildlife. However, the effect of these environmental pollutants on nuclear steroid hormone signaling has not yet been addressed in sea turtles mainly due to ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.024
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the optical disector for quantifying cell numbers, we investigated whether oral treatment of rats on days 6-21 of gestation with the weakly estrogenic bisphenol A (BPA, 0.1 or 50 mg/kg) or the highly estrogenic ethinyl estradiol (EE, 0.02 mg/kg) alters testicular histology, in those offspring 9-12 month of age. ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0013-9351(02)00019-1
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlorinated solvents (CS)-contaminated groundwater poses serious risks to the environment and public health. Microorganisms play a vital role in efficient remediation of CS. In this study, the microbial community (bacterial and archaeal) composition of three CS-contaminated groundwater wells located at an abandoned ch...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.109457
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cisitu is a small-scale gold mining village in Indonesia. Mercury (Hg) is used to extract gold from ore, heavily polluting air, soil, fish and rice paddy fields with Hg. Rice in Cisitu is burdened with mercury. The main staple food of the inhabitants of Cisitu is this polluted rice. Villagers were concerned that the s...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2016.04.007
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phthalates are potentially involved in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In a cohort of 123 obese subjects, 10 phthalate metabolites were analyzed. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed and various estimates of insulin resistance and beta-cell function were calculated. After adjustment for age, physi...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.010
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to environmental air pollutants exacerbates respiratory illness, but prospective studies of disease incidence are uncommon. Further, attempts to estimate effects from multiple point sources have rarely been undertaken. The current study examined risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2019.108783
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is growing evidence that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may play an important role in increasing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to examine the association between polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, 10 congeners) and polybrominated diphenyl eth...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2016.09.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biochar amendment may be an effective solution of maintaining phosphorus (P) and sustaining agricultural production in salt affected soils. However, the behavior of P adsorption in salt-affected soils with nano-biochar (nB) amendment is unclear. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the impacts of...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.109277
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antipyrine (ANT), as a widely used relieve headache, fever anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical in medical treatment, is difficult to be removed completely in water. The application of photocatalytic removal of ANT is restricted to UV light irradiation (<5% of solar energy), and the degradation pathways of ANT require mor...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.109468
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury is toxic to the kidney, and dental amalgam is a source of mercury exposure. Few studies have evaluated the effects of dental amalgam on kidney function in a longitudinal context in children. Here, we evaluated urinary concentrations of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) alpha and pi as biomarkers of renal proxi...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.003
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of respirable dust from three commercially produced calcium silicate insulation materials were examined in laboratory rats by long-term inhalation and injection techniques. These calcium silicate products have been used as replacements for asbestos in the insulation of the engine rooms of ships, and the pa...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0013-9351(86)80005-6
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It is unknown if higher levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure increase the risk for premature ventricular contractions (PVC) in a population-based study of men and women, and if this relationship varies by race or sex. METHODS:We examined the association of PM <2.5µm in diameter (PM2.5) concent...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2016.12.031
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A detailed description of the G2 erosion model is presented, in order to support potential users. G2 is a complete, quantitative algorithm for mapping soil loss and sediment yield rates on month-time intervals. G2 has been designed to run in a GIS environment, taking input from geodatabases available by European or ot...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.010
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence that adult lead exposure increases cancer risk. IARC has classified lead as a 'probable' carcinogen, primarily based on stomach and lung cancer associations. METHODS:We studied mortality among men in a lead surveillance program in 11 states,. categorized by their highest blood lead (BL) te...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2014.03.008
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cadmium exposure was found to cause a decline in lung function among the general population, but these findings were limited to smokers and gender differences were not explored. OBJECTIVES:To examine the relationship between cadmium and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to gender and sm...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2014.04.008
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Samples from 75 paint products made by 21 domestic and foreign manufacturers were purchased from retail stores in five major cities in Nepal and tested for lead content. Information provided on product labels were noted. Samples were selected to be representative of the large number of brands and colors available in r...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2014.03.036
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Firefighter uniforms protect firefighters from exposure to potentially harmful chemicals including a range of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). Contaminated uniforms can become a secondary source of firefighters' exposure to these chemicals. There is inconsistency on the removal efficiency of SVOCs during the c...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.110616
更新日期：2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been suspected for some time of having adverse effects on neuropsychological functioning in humans. While there is evidence of slowing of cognitive function in children associated with exposure to PCBs, the evidence of comparable effects on adults is far less well understood. We r...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2008.10.003
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prenatal lead exposure is a public health concern. Geophagy, the practice of soil eating, is documented for pregnant women of sub-Saharan Africa to treat pregnancy-related malaise. The soils however can contain substantial amounts of lead. In an exploratory study on 48 mother-child pairs in the Democratic Republic of ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.028
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Paraquat and diquat are among the most commonly used herbicides in the world. OBJECTIVES:Determine the magnitude, characteristics, and root causes for acute paraquat- and diquat-related illnesses in the US METHODS: Illnesses associated with paraquat or diquat exposure occurring from 1998 through 2011 were i...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.003
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The secondary sex ratio is the ratio of male to female live births and historically has ranged from 102 to 106 males to 100 females. Temporal declines have been reported in many countries prompting authors to hypothesize an environmental etiology. Blood specimens were obtained from 99 women aged 24-34 prior to attempt...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2006.04.009
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1925, Robert A. Kehoe enunciated a paradigm predicated upon categorical distinction between expectations and conjecture ("show me the data" mentality) from hard scientific facts on exposure outcomes. It led to a precedent-setting system of voluntary self-regulation by lead industry as a model for environmental cont...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1006/enrs.1997.3808
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenicity of mixed dust from a fluorite mine was studied by animal experiments and in vitro tests. Animal experiments showed that calcium fluorite can induce only a foreign body reaction in the lungs; the fibrous nodular lesions induced by the fluorite mine dust are due mainly to its silica component. It was d...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0013-9351(87)80035-x
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although air pollution and social stress may independently increase childhood asthma, little is known on their synergistic effect on asthma, particularly in China with high levels of stress and air pollution. OBJECTIVES:To examine associations between exposure to a combination of parental stress and air pol...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2018.04.003
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscles, gonads, and liver tissues of fish caught in Sepetiba and Ilha Grande Bay were analyzed to assess levels of heavy metal concentrations of Cd, Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Cr. Levels of Cr surpassed the maximum permissible concentration in muscle, followed by Zn in some species. Pb, Cu, and Cd presented concentratio...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/enrs.2002.4341
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease in children in the United States, and prevalence rates are rising. Smoking is associated with NAFLD, but the association of secondhand smoke exposure with NAFLD is unknown. AIMS:To investigate the association of secondhand tobacc...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2014.04.005
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High concentrations of uranium (mean=620 microg/L) were detected in water samples collected from private wells in a residential community. Based on isotopic analyses, the source of the uranium contamination appeared to be from naturally occurring geological deposits. In homes where well water concentrations of uranium...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0013-9351(03)00115-4
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of manganese on brain microsomal Mg2+-Na+K+-ATPase was examined both in vitro and in vivo. Daily intraperitoneal administration of MnCl2 . 4H2O (Mn2+, 6 mg/kg) to the rats for a period of 90 days produced 10% (P less than 0.05) inhibition in the activity of Mg2+-ATPase, and 72 and 63% increases in the conte...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0013-9351(83)90208-6
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship of inorganic arsenic exposure through drinking water and total urinary arsenic excretion in a nonoccupationally exposed population was evaluated in a cross-sectional study in three mayor cities of Chile (Antofagasta, Santiago, and Temuco). A total of 756 individuals in three population strata (elderly...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2005.02.007
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
