Abstract：
:Reward deficit, expressed as anhedonia, is one of the major symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, but the underlying maladaptations have not been understood. Herein, we test the hypothesis that the neuropeptide cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) may participate in the process. The study is justified since the peptide is a major player in inducing satiety and also processing of reward. The rats were socially isolated to induce reward deficit and conditioned to self-stimulate via an electrode in lateral hypothalamus (LH)-medial forebrain bundle (MFB) region. Compared to group-housed control rats, the socially isolated animals showed decreased lever press activity and elevated ICSS threshold indicating anhedonia-like condition. However, the effects of social isolation were alleviated by CART administered via intracerebroventricular route. The changes in the expression of CART protein and mRNA were screened using immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR methods, respectively. Socially isolated rats showed reduction in the expression of CART in the LH, nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) and posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) and CART mRNA in the Acb and LH. Double immunostaining with antibodies against CART and synaptophysin revealed significant loss of colabeled elements in LH, AcbSh and pVTA. We suggest that down-regulation of endogenous CARTergic system in the LH-pVTA-AcbSh reward circuitry may be causal to motivational anhedonia like phenotype seen in neuropsychiatric conditions.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Somalwar AR,Choudhary AG,Balasubramanian N,Sakharkar AJ,Subhedar NK,Kokare DMdoi
10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146595subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
146595eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(19)30649-3journal_volume
1728pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:The actions of pentobarbital (PB) and diphenylhydantoin (DPH) have been studied on neurons of dorsal root ganglia from adult rats. At anesthetic level (i.e. 1--2 x 10(-4) M), PB greatly enhanced neuronal responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); at 10(-3) M PB caused a small depolarization and profoundly attenuated...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90370-x
更新日期：1981-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of exo- and endogenous cGMP on the resting activity (RA) of afferent crista fibers were studied in isolated preparations of the statocysts of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis and the squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana. Bath application of the membrane-permeable cGMP analogs 8-bromo-cGMP (B-cGMP) and N(2),2'-o-d...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02777-3
更新日期：2000-10-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluctuation analysis has been used to study the influence of temperature on the conductance and mean open time of Cl- permeable ion channels induced by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine in the membrane of tissue cultured mouse spinal neurons. The conductance of GABA- and glycine-activated channels increased s...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90875-1
更新日期：1981-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Effect of beta-agkistrodotoxin (beta-AgTx), a presynaptic neurotoxin purified from snake venom, on large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK(Ca)) was studied in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons using inside-out configuration of patch-clamp technique. The results showed that in equimolar K+ (150 m...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02560-x
更新日期：2002-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Ouabain binds to the catalytic subunit of Na+,K+-ATPase and specific [3H]ouabain binding can be used as a measure of the number of active enzyme molecules present in a given tissue. Specific [3H]ouabain binding can be demonstrated in frozen, cryostat sections from rat brain and pineal and these sites have the characte...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90719-0
更新日期：1987-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that systemic administration of ondansetron, a selective serotonin type-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, attenuates cholecystokinin (CCK)-induced suppression of food intake. The exact location of 5-HT3 receptors mediating this action is not clear and may involve hindbrain 5-HT3 receptors. In thi...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.05.058
更新日期：2006-08-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative in vitro autoradiography was used to examine [3H]D-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly-015 enkephalin (DAGO) (mu-agonist) and [3H]diprenorphine (general opiate antagonist) binding sites in the hippocampal formation of young (6-8 months) and aged (25-28 months) Long-Evans rats. Age-related changes in these binding sites wer...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01211-7
更新日期：1996-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this work was to characterize the gap junctions between cultured glomus cells of the rat carotid body and to assess the effects of acidity and accompanying changes in [Ca(2+)](i) on electric coupling. Dual voltage clamping of coupled glomus cells showed a mean macrojunctional conductance (G(j)) of 1.16 ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02862-1
更新日期：2001-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the 8-alpha-amino-ergoline CU 32-085 on central dopamine neuronal systems was investigated. Two h after administration of CU 32-085 a slight increase of dopamine levels was observed in the nucleus caudatus-putamen. Radioligand binding studies in vitro have shown that CU 32-085 has a low affinity for str...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)91044-3
更新日期：1985-03-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Branches of the facial nerve were transected in newborn mice, resulting in paralysis of whisking of the mystacial vibrissae. After maturation, the brains were examined in Nissl preparations for alterations in the barrel field of the primary somatosensory cortex. There were no evident changes as a result of this interv...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90141-0
更新日期：1984-11-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Separate series of adult rats were subjected to unilateral high cervical and low thoracic section of the rubrospinal tract and sacrificed 1-30 (cervical series) and 3-100 days (thoracic series) later. Local cerebral glucose utilization ([14C]2-DG method of Sokoloff et al.) was determined in the red nucleus and in the ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90035-0
更新日期：1984-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Medium conditioned by NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells contains a factor which increases the number of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) aggregates on cultured myotubes. Protease digestion indicates that the AChR aggregation factor is a protein, and the molecular weight is from 150,000 to 250,000 daltons as es...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90161-x
更新日期：1981-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Following a single intravitreal injection of 200 nmol of kainic acid (KA) to newly hatched chickens, there are acute and long-term effects on retinal ganglion cells in the chicken retina. Thirty min after injection, most ganglion cells showed cytoplasmic vacuolization. However, 14 days later, most ganglion cell soma a...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)91596-4
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characteristics of neural corticosteroid receptors were studied in 51 adrenally-intact macaque monkeys using a modification of a corticosteroid receptor assay developed in this laboratory for rodent studies. Using cortisol as a ligand, two receptor subtypes could be distinguished and with similar Kd's to those observe...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)91249-1
更新日期：1994-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of degeneration in the vestibular nuclei (VN) has been studied in transversely cut sections from 9 cats with stereotaxically performed lesions in the main reticular formation (RF) of the brain stem (Nauta of Fink and Heimer method). No projection was found from the mesencephalic reticular formation (R...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(75)90224-3
更新日期：1975-09-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Adaptive decision making in dynamic social settings requires frequent re-evaluation of choice outcomes and revision of strategies. This requires an array of multiple cognitive abilities, such as working memory and response inhibition. Thus, the disruption of such abilities in schizophrenia can have significant implica...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.08.049
更新日期：2007-11-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) blocks the effect of light on the mammalian circadian clock during the subjective night. The present study explores the role of the NPY Y1 receptor in this interaction. The effect of NPY when co-applied with NMDA, a glutamate agonist that can mimic the effect of light, was examined in NPY Y1-/- mi...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.07.037
更新日期：2004-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have recently shown that basal and stress-induced secretion of corticosterone may enhance vulnerability to drugs of abuse. In this report, we studied the effects of metyrapone, an inhibitor of the synthesis of corticosterone, on cocaine-induced locomotion and on the relapse of cocaine self-administrati...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(09)90034-8
更新日期：1994-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently demonstrated that the formation of myelin sheaths in the optic nerve of young postnatal mice deficient in the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is retarded when compared to age-matched wild-type mice. In the present study, we analyzed whether impaired myelination of retinal ganglion cell axons is d...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00484-8
更新日期：1997-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The dopaminergic regulation of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) synthesis were studied in monolayer cultures of rat pituitary tumor (GH3) cells. PRL synthesis could not be inhibited by dopamine at concentrations ranging from 10(-9) to 10(-5) M. Bromocriptine inhibited PRL synthesis only at the very high concent...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(83)90808-9
更新日期：1983-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Deficits in experimentally induced drinking and pressor responses after administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the lateral cerebral ventricle (LCV) have been reported. Questions have arisen, however, as to whether these effects are due to non-specific actions of the neurotoxin and, if specific, whether the ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90128-4
更新日期：1987-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Microencephalic rats induced by methylazoxymethanol (MAM) were observed to have notable hyperactivity compared to control rats, as measured by several behavioral parameters in an automated field apparatus. Acute injection of the stimulant drug, methamphetamine (MAP), produced an increase in the incidence of locomotion...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)01307-4
更新日期：1995-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult male guinea pigs were castrated and 24 h later injected with [3H]dihydrotestosterone. Their pituitary glands were then processed for autoradiographic and immunocytochemical analyses. Three percent of the parenchymal cells in the pars distalis were radiolabelled. These cells were primarily gonadotrophs; a small p...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)90456-7
更新日期：1986-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a co-culture model, we showed that diffusible factors from arcuate nucleus (AN) specifically increased the number and the size of hypothalamic neurons producing melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). In this model neurite outgrowth and contacts between MCH neurons and dopaminergic neurons were also prominently inc...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)90948-m
更新日期：1993-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility of retinotopic organization of pathways of retinal fibers within the optic tract and the tectum of the frog was studied by selective labeling of the retinal fibers with horseradish peroxidase. Within the optic tract the pathways of the ventral, temporal and dorsal retinal fibers were ordered from the d...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90097-4
更新日期：1981-02-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The prognosis of patients with malignant glioma remains extremely poor despite surgery and improvements in radio- and chemo-therapies. We recently showed that marrow-isolated adult mutilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells, a subpopulation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), can serve as cellular carriers of drug-loa...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2012.07.030
更新日期：2012-09-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The synaptic protein alpha-synuclein is found throughout the brain, although its function remains ill-defined. Abnormal accumulations of alpha-synuclein have been recognised to be associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, little is know...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2003.10.072
更新日期：2004-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The nictitating membrane response to periocular electrostimulation was investigated in anesthetized and paralyzed rabbits. Recordings from the abducens nerve, which carries the fibers innervating retractor bulbi muscles that are primarily involved in this reflex, showed two distinct volleys to effective stimulation: a...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(83)91143-5
更新日期：1983-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The purposes of this research were to quantify gravity receptor function in inbred mouse strains and compare vestibular and auditory function for strain- and age-matched animals. Vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) were collected for 19 inbred strains at ages from 35 to 389 days old. On average, C57BL/6J (35 to 190 d...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.066
更新日期：2006-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：:An extensive exploration of the discriminating properties of olfactory receptors cells has been conducted in our laboratory through the statistical processing of single cell responses recorded in the frog's olfactory epithelium. Similarities between odorant stimulating properties could be demonstrated by comparing the...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90764-9
更新日期：1984-02-06 00:00:00
