Maternal circulating syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles contain biologically active 5'-tRNA halves.

Abstract:

:The placenta releases syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (STB-EV) into the maternal circulation throughout gestation. STB-EV dependent signalling is believed to contribute to the widespread maternal adaptive physiological changes seen in pregnancy. Transfer RNA (tRNA) halves have been identified in vesicles released from other human and murine organ systems, which alter gene expression in target cells. Here, we characterise tRNA-half expression in STB-EV and demonstrate biological activity of a highly abundant tRNA-half. Short RNA from ex-vivo, dual-lobe placental perfusion STB-EV was sequenced, showing that most (>95%) comprised tRNA species. Whole placental tissue contained <50% tRNA species, suggesting selective packaging and export of tRNA into STB-EV. Most tRNA within STB-EV were 5'-tRNA halves cleaved at 30-32 nucleotides. The pattern of tRNA expression differed depending on the size/origin of the STB-EV; this was confirmed by qPCR. Protein synthesis was suppressed in human fibroblasts when they were cultured with a 5'-tRNA half identified from STB-EV sequencing. This study is the first to evaluate tRNA species in STB-EV. The presence of biologically active 5'-tRNA halves, specific to a vesicular origin, suggests a novel mechanism for maternal-fetal signalling in normal pregnancy.

authors

Cooke WR,Cribbs A,Zhang W,Kandzija N,Motta-Mejia C,Dombi E,Ri R,Cerdeira AS,Redman C,Vatish M

doi

10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.015

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-10-08 00:00:00

pages

107-113

issue

1

eissn

0006-291X

issn

1090-2104

pii

S0006-291X(19)31517-7

journal_volume

518

pub_type

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