ORF7 of varicella-zoster virus is a neurotropic factor.

abstract：:The evolution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 nef quasispecies in a patient clonally infected with a contaminated batch of blood clotting factor IX was monitored. nef sequences were derived at 11, 25, and 41 months postinfection from infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells after molecular cloning of P...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Plikat U,Nieselt-Struwe K,Meyerhans A

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) oncoprotein Tax is correlated with cellular transformation contributing to the development of adult T-cell leukemia. Tax has been shown to modulate the activities of several cellular promoters. Existing evidence suggests that Tax need not directly bind to D...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Kibler KV,Jeang KT

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. The majority of norovirus outbreaks are caused by genogroup II.4 (GII.4). Novel GII.4 strains emerge every 2 to 4 years and replace older variants as the dominant norovirus. Novel variants emerge through a combination of recombin...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Vega E,Donaldson E,Huynh J,Barclay L,Lopman B,Baric R,Chen LF,Vinjé J

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lytic switch transactivator Zta initiates the ordered cascade of Epstein-Barr virus gene expression that culminates in virus production. Zta is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that transactivates early viral promotes via cis-acting sequences. Activation of some of these genes is mediated through binding to...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Cayrol C,Flemington EK

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Avian influenza A viruses, such as the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 viruses, sporadically enter the human population but often do not transmit between individuals. In rare cases, however, they establish a new lineage in humans. In addition to well-characterized barriers to cell entry, one major hurdle which avian viru...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Mänz B,Schwemmle M,Brunotte L

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relative to wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), ICP0-null mutant viruses reactivate inefficiently from explanted, latently infected mouse trigeminal ganglia (TG), indicating that ICP0 is not essential for reactivation but plays a central role in enhancing the efficiency of reactivation. The validity of thes...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Halford WP,Schaffer PA

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vesicular stomatitis virus has the potential for very rapid evolution in the laboratory, but like many other arboviruses, it evolves at a relatively slow rate in the natural environment. Previous work showed that alternating replication in different cell types does not promote stasis. In order to determine whether oth...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Zárate S,Novella IS

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ZAM is an env-containing member of the gypsy family of retrotransposons that represents a possible retrovirus of invertebrates. In this paper, we traced ZAM mobilization to get information about a potential path a retroelement may take to reach the germ line of its host. In situ hybridization on whole-mount tissues an...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Leblanc P,Desset S,Giorgi F,Taddei AR,Fausto AM,Mazzini M,Dastugue B,Vaury C

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elite controllers (EC) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) maintain viremia below the limit of detection without antiretroviral treatment. Virus-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes are believed to play a crucial role in viral containment, but the degree of immune imprinting and compensatory mutations in...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Miura T,Brumme CJ,Brockman MA,Brumme ZL,Pereyra F,Block BL,Trocha A,John M,Mallal S,Harrigan PR,Walker BD

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent infection of B lymphocytes in vitro, six EBV nuclear antigens (EBNAs) are expressed from one of two promoters, Cp and Wp, whose activities are mutually exclusive. Upon infection, Wp is initially active, followed by a switch to Cp for the duration of latency. In this study, the im...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Puglielli MT,Desai N,Speck SH

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathway of envelopment and egress of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and the primary site of viral production within the epidermal layer of the skin are not fully understood. There are several hypotheses to explain how the virus may receive an envelope as it travels to the surface of the monolayer. In this study,...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Harson R,Grose C

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have expressed the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease (PR) in bacteria as a Gag-PR polyprotein (J. Luban and S.P. Goff, J. Virol. 65:3203-3212, 1991). The protein displays enzymatic activity, cleaving the Gag polyprotein precursor Pr55gag to the expected products. The PR enzyme is only active as a...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Luban J,Lee C,Goff SP

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cloned DNA copy of simian rotavirus SA11 genomic segment 10 was used to confirm the assignment of the nonstructural glycoprotein NCVP5 to this gene. Determination of the nucleotide sequence for gene 10 indicated that NCVP5 is 175 amino acids in length and has an N-terminal hydrophobic region with the characteristics...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Both GW,Siegman LJ,Bellamy AR,Atkinson PH

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Many viruses have the capacity to prevent a cell from being infected by a second virus, often termed superinfection exclusion. Alphaherpesviruses, including the human pathogen herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and the animal herpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV), encode a membrane-bound glycoprotein, gD, that ca...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Criddle A,Thornburg T,Kochetkova I,DePartee M,Taylor MP

更新日期：2016-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect keratinocytes of skin and mucosa. Homeostasis of these constantly renewing, stratified epithelia is maintained by balanced keratinocyte proliferation and terminal differentiation. Instructions from the extracellular matrix engaging integrins strongly regulate these keratinocyte fun...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Oldak M,Smola H,Aumailley M,Rivero F,Pfister H,Smola-Hess S

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How chemokines shape the immune response to viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) has largely been considered within the context of recruitment and activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes. However, chemokines are expressed early following viral infection, suggesting an important role in coordinating i...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Trifilo MJ,Montalto-Morrison C,Stiles LN,Hurst KR,Hardison JL,Manning JE,Masters PS,Lane TE

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat is a mediator of viral transcription and is involved in the control of virus replication. However, associations between HIV-1 Tat diversity and functional effects during primary HIV-1 infection are still unclear. We estimated selection pressures in tat exon 1 using the m...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Rossenkhan R,MacLeod IJ,Sebunya TK,Castro-Nallar E,McLane MF,Musonda R,Gashe BA,Novitsky V,Essex M

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously reported that a recombinant pantothenate auxotroph of Mycobacterium bovis BCG expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C Gag (rBCGpan-Gag) efficiently primes the mouse immune system for a boost with a recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (rMVA) vaccine. In this study, we furth...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Chege GK,Burgers WA,Stutz H,Meyers AE,Chapman R,Kiravu A,Bunjun R,Shephard EG,Jacobs WR Jr,Rybicki EP,Williamson AL

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) initiates apoptosis in diverse insects through events triggered by virus DNA (vDNA) replication. To define the proapoptotic pathway and its role in antivirus defense, we investigated the link between the host's DNA damage response (DDR) a...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Mitchell JK,Friesen PD

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Borna disease virus (BDV) is an enveloped virus with a genome organization characteristic of Mononegavirales. However, based on its unique features, BDV is considered the prototypic member of a new virus family, Bornaviridae, within the order Mononegavirales. We have described the establishment of a reverse genetics s...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Rosario D,Perez M,de la Torre JC

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The salivary glands of scrapie-affected sheep and healthy controls were investigated for the presence of the pathological prion protein (PrP(Sc)). PrP(Sc) was detected in major (parotid and mandibular) and minor (buccal, labial, and palatine) salivary glands of naturally and experimentally infected sheep. Using Wester...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Vascellari M,Nonno R,Mutinelli F,Bigolaro M,Di Bari MA,Melchiotti E,Marcon S,D'Agostino C,Vaccari G,Conte M,De Grossi L,Rosone F,Giordani F,Agrimi U

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uses a variety of chemokine receptors as coreceptors for virus entry, and the ability of the virus to be neutralized by antibody may depend on which coreceptors are used. In particular, laboratory-adapted variants of the virus that use CXCR4 as a coreceptor are highly sensit...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Montefiori DC,Collman RG,Fouts TR,Zhou JY,Bilska M,Hoxie JA,Moore JP,Bolognesi DP

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tax gene of the human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) is essential for viral replication and acts by increasing the level of RNA transcription. The tax genes of HTLV-I and HTLV-II encode proteins of 40 and 37 kilodaltons, respectively. By in vitro mutagenesis of the tax gene, we have inve...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Cann AJ,Rosenblatt JD,Wachsman W,Chen IS

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Initial studies determined whether intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of BALB/c mice with 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg of adriamycin (a cardiotoxic anthracycline antibiotic) for times ranging between 1 and 9 weeks prior to i.p. injection of 10(5) PFU of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) would alter the severity of virus-induced myocardit...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Huber SA,Moraska A,Choate M

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) open reading frame 50 (ORF50) encodes a viral transcriptional activator, which binds to the KSHV promoter and stimulates the transcription of viral early and late genes, thus activating the lytic cycle of KSHV. We report here that KSHV ORF50 binds to the cellular pro...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Gwack Y,Byun H,Hwang S,Lim C,Choe J

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because immunologic classification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) might be more relevant than genotypic classification for designing polyvalent vaccines, studies were undertaken to determine whether immunologically defined groups of HIV ("immunotypes") could be identified. For these experiments, the V3 r...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Zolla-Pazner S,Gorny MK,Nyambi PN,VanCott TC,Nádas A

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) most commonly causes recrudescent labial ulcers; however, it is also the leading cause of infectious blindness in developed countries. Previous research in animal models has demonstrated that the severity of HSV-1 ocular disease is influenced by three main factors: host innate ...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Lee K,Kolb AW,Larsen I,Craven M,Brandt CR

更新日期：2016-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) alpha protein ICP27 regulates the transition between the delayed-early and late phases of the viral infection. Previous genetic analyses have suggested that the important functional domains of ICP27 map to its carboxyl-terminal half. One striking feature of the primary sequence ...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Rice SA,Lam V,Knipe DM

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Uracil DNA glycosylases (UNG) are highly conserved proteins that preserve DNA fidelity by catalyzing the removal of mutagenic uracils. All herpesviruses encode a viral UNG (vUNG), and yet the role of the vUNG in a pathogenic course of gammaherpesvirus infection is not known. First, we demonstrated that the v...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Minkah N,Macaluso M,Oldenburg DG,Paden CR,White DW,McBride KM,Krug LT

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequence was determined for the hemagglutinin gene of the Hong Kong subtype influenza strain A/Bangkok/1/79. The amino acid sequence predicted from these data shows a total of 36 amino acid changes as compared with hemagglutinin for a 1968 Hong Kong strain, 11 more than had occurred in a 1975 strain. Th...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Both GW,Sleigh MJ

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00