Be Prepared: Tune to FM-Theta for Cognitive Control.

abstract：:A genetic analysis of mammalian neuronal physiology might now be possible due to the development of defective herpes simplex virus vectors, which allow gene transfer directly into mature neurons, in culture or in the adult brain. Genetically altered proteins that play critical roles in neuronal physiology, including t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Geller AI,During MJ,Neve RL

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that primarily affects females and is caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding-protein 2 (MECP2) gene. Initially, MeCP2 had been shown to be a repressor of gene transcription. In their 2008 paper, Chahrour and colleagues (DOI: 10.1126/science.1153252) reported that M...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Horvath PM,Monteggia LM

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic genetic screens have been powerful tools in identifying genes responsible for axon guidance in fruitflies and nematodes. This approach has now been extended to the study of axon guidance and the formation of topographic neuronal connections in the vertebrate brain. A systematic genetic screen was used to id...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Karlstrom RO,Trowe T,Bonhoeffer F

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike most mammalian species, the prairie vole is highly affiliative, forms enduring social bonds between mates and displays biparental behavior. Over two decades of research on this species has enhanced our understanding of the neurobiological basis not only of monogamy, social attachment and nurturing behaviors but...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： McGraw LA,Young LJ

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fast-acting ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) constitute a group that encompasses nicotinic ACh, 5-HT3, GABAA and glycine receptors. Undoubtedly, they all share a common evolutionary ancestor, and the group can therefore be considered to be a gene superfamily. Because the members of the superfamily are all recepto...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ortells MO,Lunt GG

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relief from pain in humans is rewarding and pleasurable. Primary rewards, or reward-predictive cues, are encoded in brain reward/motivational circuits. While considerable advances have been made in our understanding of reward circuits underlying positive reinforcement, less is known about the circuits underlying the h...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Navratilova E,Atcherley CW,Porreca F

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients suffering from severe depression often show an increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, a premature escape from the cortisol suppressant action of dexamethasone, and a number of other neuroendocrine changes. This might be explained by defective glucocorticoid feedback inhi...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barden N,Reul JM,Holsboer F

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite extensive information on many aspects of peptide neurobiology, the links between the behavioral effects of neuropeptides and their actions at the cellular and molecular levels are not fully understood. A pair of insect neuropeptides, the cardioacceleratory peptides (CAPs) of the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta,...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Tublitz N,Brink D,Broadie KS,Loi PK,Sylwester AW

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to innocuous stimuli, which only have transient effects when applied to the body surface, noxious stimuli generate persistent changes in the nervous system. This nociceptive memory manifests itself most prominently as a post-injury sensitization where, after tissue damage, the avoidance reaction and pain t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Woolf CJ,Walters ET

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Communicative, predatory, and reproductive behaviors rely on the auditory thalamocortical system, a key nexus that combines, transforms, and distributes virtually all acoustic information relevant to survival. The rules of connectivity for this complex network, both anatomically and functionally, are only beginning to...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Winer JA,Miller LM,Lee CC,Schreiner CE

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Potassium channels are crucial regulators of neuronal excitability, setting resting membrane potentials and firing thresholds, repolarizing action potentials and limiting excitability. Although most of our understanding of K+ channels is based on somatic recordings, there is good evidence that these channels are prese...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Dodson PD,Forsythe ID

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the mechanisms regulating the cerebral microcirculation during neural activity have been the subject of inquiry for a century or more, the mediators responsible for the changes in cerebral blood flow still remain to be clearly identified. The discovery that nitric oxide, a powerful cerebrovasodilator, is prod...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Iadecola C

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'thrifty gene hypothesis' posits that evolution preferentially selects physiological mechanisms that optimize energy storage to increase survival under alternating conditions of abundance and scarcity of food. Recent experiments suggest that endocannabinoids - a class of lipid-derived mediators that activate canna...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： DiPatrizio NV,Piomelli D

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anatomical and functional studies of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) have identified multiple PFC subregions. We argue that the PFC is involved in cognitive functions exceeding the sum of specific functions attributed to its subregions. These can be revealed either by lesions of the whole PFC, or more specifically by sele...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Wilson CR,Gaffan D,Browning PG,Baxter MG

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No therapy exists to slow down or prevent Parkinson's disease (PD), a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder. Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) emerged as promising disease-modifying agents in PD and are currently under clinical development. We argue that efforts in three research areas must converge to harness the full th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Aron L,Klein R

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interaural time differences (ITDs) represent an important cue in sound localization and auditory scene analysis. To assess this cue the auditory system internally delays binaural inputs to compensate for the outer delay, before neurons in the brainstem detect the coincident arrival of the inputs from the two ears. Dif...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Vonderschen K,Wagner H

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'Forward models' are increasingly recognized as a crucial explanatory concept in vertebrate motor control. The essential idea is that an important function implemented by nervous systems is prediction of the sensory consequences of action. This is often associated with higher cognitive capabilities; however, many of t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Webb B

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming is the process by which vesicles become available for fusion at nerve terminals and is modulated by numerous proteins and second messengers. One of the prominent members of this diverse family is tomosyn. Tomosyn has been identified as a syntaxin-binding protein; it inhibits vesicle priming, but its mode of ac...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ashery U,Bielopolski N,Barak B,Yizhar O

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since early anatomical descriptions, the existence of dendritic spines has stimulated intense curiosity and speculation about their regulation and function. Research over the past three decades has described an impressive mutability in dendritic-spine number and morphology under a variety of physiological circumstance...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Halpain S

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Speakers of different languages think about time differently in accordance with the spatial metaphors common in their languages. Furthermore, learning new spatial metaphors in language instills new non-linguistic representations of time, suggesting that language can play a causal role in constructing mental timelines....

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Boroditsky L

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to map functional activity in the living human brain has rekindled interest in the organization of human neural circuitry specifically and in animal neural circuitry generally. Faced with incredible complexity, researchers are turning to the power of computer graphics for two- and three-dimensional interac...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Swanson LW

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons are dynamic cells that respond and adapt to stimuli throughout their long postmitotic lives. The structural and functional plasticity of neurons requires the regulated transcription of new gene products, and dysregulation of transcription in either the developing or adult brain impairs cognition. We discuss ho...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gallegos DA,Chan U,Chen LF,West AE

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hereditary ataxias are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive ataxia that results from degeneration of the cerebellum and its afferent and efferent connections. Recent molecular research has led not only to the discovery of a number of causative mutations, but also shed light...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Klockgether T,Evert B

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complexity and inaccessibility of the vertebrate CNS impede the localization and description of memory traces and the definition of the processes that create them. Recent work has shown that the spinal stretch reflex (SSR), which is produced by a monosynaptic two-neuron pathway, can be operantly conditioned, and t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Wolpaw JR,Carp JS

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Communication is a central theme in biology. Consequently, specialized structures have evolved to permit rapid communication among cells, tissues, organs, and physiological systems, thus enhancing the overall function and adaptation of the organism. A prime example is the neuronal synapse. In the brain, synaptic commu...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Picard M

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In monkeys, the rostral part of ventral premotor cortex (area F5) contains neurons that discharge, both when the monkey grasps or manipulates objects and when it observes the experimenter making similar actions. These neurons (mirror neurons) appear to represent a system that matches observed events to similar, intern...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Rizzolatti G,Arbib MA

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of Drosophila as a suitable system to answer behavioural questions is usually based on the availability of mutant phenotypes. Indeed, the 'single-gene' approach to behaviour was a very illuminating strategy in practical and conceptual terms, and served to prove that the genetic mechanisms sustaining behaviour ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ferrús A,Canal I

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell replacement therapy has been proposed as a means to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). In most studies, the transplanted cells have been placed within the target site, the striatum, and not within the lesioned site, the substantia nigra, as the adult nigrostriatal pathway was thought t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gaillard A,Jaber M

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trans-synaptic modulation of cortical ACh efflux is a useful approach for determining the functions of cortical ACh. Bilateral modulation of basal forebrain GABAergic transmission by benzodiazepine-receptor agonists and inverse agonists decreases and increases, respectively, activated cortical ACh efflux. The determin...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Sarter MF,Bruno JP

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Navigation depends upon neural systems that monitor spatial location and head orientation. Recent developmental findings have led some to conclude that these systems are innate. Such claims are premature. But also, there are more meaningful ways to arrive at answers about developmental origins than by invoking the out...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Blumberg MS

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00