Abstract：
:The hypothesis that time perception is determined by an internal clock's rate, which is sensitive to physiological circadian changes was examined. This hypothesis suggests that when body temperature and activity increase, clock rate increases causing overestimations of time and a decrease in time interval production. The following experiments examine this hypothesis with rats. Since rats are nocturnal, and body temperature is highest at night, time estimation should be longer and time production shorter than during the day. All experiments were run 24 hr a day under a 12:12 light:dark cycle. In the first experiment, rats discriminated among stimulus durations. Consistent with the hypothesis, both rats reliably judged standard durations as "longer" during the night than during the day. In Experiment 2, fixed-interval (FI) schedules of 60, 120 and 180 sec were used to examine circadian variations in time production. All seven rats produced longer postreinforcement pause (PRP) durations as FI length increased, and shorter PRP durations at night than during the day. However, absolute differences in PRP durations between day and night did not increase as FI duration increased, suggesting the PRP durations alone do not directly characterize proportional changes in internal clock rate. To more directly examine circadian variation in clock rate and the production of shorter intervals (i.e., between 1 and 16 sec) Experiment 3 used a lever holding procedure. Since this procedure requires the measured lever hold duration to meet or exceed the required hold duration, it more accurately characterizes the timing process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Shurtleff D,Raslear TG,Simmons Ldoi
10.1016/0031-9384(90)90021-usubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-05-01 00:00:00pages
931-9issue
5eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
0031-9384(90)90021-Ujournal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) reportedly promotes weight loss, in part, through suppression of hunger. However, this mechanism has never been evaluated in humans in a controlled study. Eighty-nine mildly overweight females were prescribed 5020-kJ diets for 12 weeks as part of a double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00321-8
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) patients have impaired salivary gland function and an elevated frequency of oral complaints. The taste complaints are thought to be due to sensory deficits that arise in the absence of sufficient saliva to maintain taste receptors. We assessed the subjective complaints, salivary production and ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)00211-m
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In these experiments we determined whether stress influenced intake of different flavored test solutions or only those that were preferred. In a series of studies, rats or hamsters were exposed to acute (1 h) or repeated (3 h/day for 3 days) restraint stress immediately followed by access to one of four tastants (sacc...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00223-6
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), like many small mammals, have a marked postpartum estrus, and during the breeding season, are often both pregnant and lactating. We examined reproductive performance and allocation of resources by rabbit mothers with overlapping litters under presumably optimal conditions of unrestrict...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.05.011
更新日期：2004-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral cavity edge perception acuity relative to the fingertip has previously been evaluated by the utilization of cognitively-loaded, stereognostic methods. However, with the lack of connection of the tongue to the visual association cortex, there is concern the superior acuity of the fingertip may be attributable to t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113035
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the effects of peripherally administered pyruvate and lactate on the intake of high fat (HF) and low fat (LF) diets by a strain of rat either sensitive (Osborne-Mendel, OM) or resistant (SSB/Pl) to high fat-induced obesity. Both pyruvate and lactate inhibited the intake of HF and LF diets by OM ra...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02109-4
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) was developed to reflect obsessionality and compulsivity related to craving and drinking behaviour for revealing in the long-term drop-out, abstinence and relapse. This study evaluates the early OCDS predictive value in drop-out, abstinence and relapse of patients sufferi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.10.009
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the kinematics, mechanics, energetics and mathematics of trot-gallop gait transitions have been discussed in previous papers, no one article has tried to assimilate all the information. This review paper does this and includes a summary of the relatively new engineering (mathematical) approach to analyzing th...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90026-k
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported that the opioid receptor blocker, naloxone, is less effective in reducing palatable food intake in offspring exposed to a maternal cafeteria diet during the perinatal period, implicating a desensitization of the central opioid pathway in the programming of food preferences. The present stud...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.04.007
更新日期：2014-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously, a hormone-simulated pregnancy (HSP), and the subsequent 'postpartum' withdrawal in estradiol has been shown to precipitate depressive-like behaviours in the forced swim test in female rats. In this study, we used the HSP and 'postpartum' withdrawal to investigate the impact on sucrose consumption, a model ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.020
更新日期：2009-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Male hooded rats (350 to 450 g) were castrated and given subcutaneous implants of testosterone-filled or empty Silastic tubes. Four weeks later, half of the animals with testosterone implants were housed with an animal with an empty implant and left for 6 weeks. The other animals were adapted to a food-deprivation sch...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90285-0
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:is well established that, on the anterior tongue, thresholds for chemical tastants are inversely related to the number of fungiform papillae. However, it is not known whether this is the case for thresholds to electrical currents presented to the lingual surface. In this study, electrical thresholds for 16 subjects we...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00672-8
更新日期：2002-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocannabinoid system serves many physiological roles, including in the regulation of energy balance, food reward, and voluntary locomotion. Signaling at the cannabinoid type 1 receptor has been specifically implicated in motivation for rodent voluntary exercise on wheels. We studied four replicate lines of high ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.041
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous research has demonstrated the conditionability of events within the acute-phase response. This study examined whether two such responses, fever and sleep alterations, were conditionable in the rat during the dark photoperiod. The experimental animals were administered a novel saccharin solution as the conditi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)00314-9
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to determine the respective roles of conditioned food aversion, satiety and palatability, we studied behavioral responses to a 50% total milk protein diet, compared with those to a normal protein diet containing 14% total milk protein. Different paradigms were employed, including meal pattern analysis, two-ch...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00977-0
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Central anionic influences on dipsogenic response was studied in 54 euhydrated rats. Quantity of water consumed following third ventricular infusions of equimolar hypertonic chloride and bicarbonate solutions of sodium, potassium, calcium, and barium was compared. Control group (n = 6) was given artificial cerebrospin...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90317-9
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The glucose analogue 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) inhibits glucose metabolism and causes a rapid increase in food consumption in most species. This increase is most apparent during the first 6 postinjection hours, although it may persist as long as 10 hr. There are no published descriptions of alterations in food consumpti...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(79)90142-2
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) has been linked to obesity in adults and children. This study examined the stability of EAH in children between 4.5 and 6 years old, and associations with energy intake and portion selection, as well as cross-sectional and prospective associations with body co...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.03.033
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While a rich literature has documented that the efficiency of learning and memory varies across circadian time, a close survey of that literature reveals extensive heterogeneity in the time of day (TOD) when peak cognitive performance occurs. Moreover, most previous experiments in rodents have not focused on the quest...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.035
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two series of experiments were designed to investigate the effects of protein composition of the first solid food consumed by young rat pups on their subsequent protein intake after weaning. In the first series of experiments, pups were allowed access to the maternal diet between 17 and 21 days of age, then weaned to ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90015-6
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of various doses (0-250 micrograms/kg, SC) of estradiol-17 beta (E2) in a two-bottle choice conditioned taste aversion and a two-compartment conditioned place preference procedure were studied in male and female rats. Dose-dependent taste aversion and place aversion effects of E2 were established, and the cond...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90427-p
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of a mild, nonpainful stressor (restraint, RT) on the social behavior of male rats were explored. Twenty-four hours after single or repeated RT, experimental subjects were confronted in a neutral cage with unfamiliar and naive opponents of the same sex and strain, matched for age and body weight. Introduct...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90272-h
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermal tasting, an important type of individual variation in orosensation, is a phenomenon by which some individuals perceive thermally-induced taste sensations simply by having the tip of their tongue warmed or cooled. These individuals, known as thermal tasters, report a variety of thermally-elicited tastes (typica...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113160
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental temperature can strongly affect sleep. The habitual sleep phase is usually located between evening decline and morning rise of the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT). However, the thermophysiological mechanisms promoting or disturbing sleep are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this s...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.014
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous behavior patterns were assessed in eight different behavioral situations in two lines of mice, BR and BS, previously selected for their sensitivity to an anxiogenic benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor inverse agonist, Methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM). BR is highly resistant, and BS, highly sensitive...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00383-8
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression is associated with significant functional disabilities. Application of new drugs which could enhance the effectiveness of antidepressants drug and reduce side effects of their long-term use seems necessary. Citicoline is used as an effective chemical agent for improving the symptoms of some neurodegenerativ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.08.002
更新日期：2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to clarify the mechanism of adrenergic modulation of pancreatic glucagon secretion in rats under physiological conditions by 1) epinephrine infusion alone or together with adrenergic blockers and 2) administration of adrenergic agonists. Intravenous infusion of epinephrine alone (1 micro...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90303-j
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychological stress is an important perpetuating, worsening and risk factor for temporomandibular disorders of muscular or articular origin. Occlusion instability, by the way, is considered a risk factor of this pathology and can be reproduced in some experimental animal models. The exact physiologic mechanism underl...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.026
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies describe diurnal rhythm changes in female rats during gestation and lactation. In Experiment I, we measured the diurnal temperature rhythm (DTR) of 20 females through gestation, lactation and the post-lactational period and found that rhythm amplitude decreased during gestation and increased during lacta...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90180-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pavlovian fear conditioning was employed to investigate learning during general anesthesia. Mice were given three CS-UCS presentations while anesthetized with halothane. The CS was a 10-s tone and the UCS a 0.4-mA shock delivered intramuscularly to the hindlimbs via needle electrodes. Anesthetized control groups recei...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02137-x
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
