Abstract：
:Depression is associated with significant functional disabilities. Application of new drugs which could enhance the effectiveness of antidepressants drug and reduce side effects of their long-term use seems necessary. Citicoline is used as an effective chemical agent for improving the symptoms of some neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this survey, the application of citicoline as an adjuvant drug was evaluated in mice model of depression. A total of 180 adult NMRI male albino mice were used in this study. All groups were exposed to chronic unexpected mild stress (CUMS) followed by treatment with various doses of citalopram or/and citicoline or saline for 21 days. Sucrose preference (SP), open field (OF), and forced swimming test (FST) were applied to evaluate depression symptoms in the groups. The results indicated that only citicoline at the 5 mg/kg dose had shifted its status from being noneffective to become significantly effective in the co-administered group. The means of SP, OFT, and FST of the treatment groups were significantly different in favor of co-administered group compared with the other groups as well as the control group. Based on the results, it can be concluded that administration of citicoline, as an adjuvant drug, in combination with citalopram, enhanced the effectiveness of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) drugs for depression treatment.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Roohi-Azizi M,Torkaman-Boutorabi A,Akhondzadeh S,Nejatisafa AA,Sadat-Shirazi MS,Zarrindast MRdoi
10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.08.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-15 00:00:00pages
151-157eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S0031-9384(18)30636-Xjournal_volume
195pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Previous studies showed that when socially isolated at 22 degrees C, postnatal day 14 rats, but not younger day 7 rats, reduce their emission of ultrasonic vocalizations when exposed to an unfamiliar adult male rat, a naturalistic threat. Because ultrasound production is associated with factors such as age and body te...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90336-z
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large meals scheduled at greater-than-circadian periods (such as T = 31 h) tend to elicit enhanced activity approximately 24 h subsequent to receipt. These studies characterized the process responsible for this meal-engendered "circadian ensuing activity" (meal CEA). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were housed in stations ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00211-x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats with permanent access to a water supply adulterated with citric acid (CA) displayed persistent reductions in fluid intake and fluid/food ratios; and at appropriate concentrations of CA, they also exhibited lowered body weights and drinking deficits after fluid deprivation and after hypertonic NaCl injections. Unl...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90025-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of thyroid function on the activity and exploratory behaviour of male Wistar rats. Dysthyroidism was induced by adding drugs to their drinking water from the ninth day of gestation. This method is not as stressful as daily thyroxine injections or thyroidectom...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00815-6
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The zebrafish has become increasingly utilized in behavioral neuroscience, psychopharmacology, and behavior genetics research. However, little attention has been paid to the potential effects of environmental conditions fish are exposed to before and during behavioral testing. One such important factor is temperature,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113169
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been shown that acquisition rates in the water maze vary across strains of mice, although the differential effects of previous experience in this spatial task have been scarcely evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of training in the water maze at an early age (2 months) in two st...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00059-1
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Appetite regulating properties of foods are usually investigated under laboratory conditions, whereas in real life, foods are consumed under at home conditions. The objective of this study was to compare the acute effects of breakfasts when tested in a laboratory condition and in an at home condition. Appeti...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.024
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sweet is widely considered to be one of a small number of basic or primary taste qualities. Liking for sweet tasting substances is innate, although postnatal experiences can shape responses. The power of sweet taste to induce consumption and to motivate behavior is profound, suggesting the importance of this sense for...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.007
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously reported that in male rats, 24 h of social housing with an associate male rat immediately following fear conditioning attenuated conditioned hyperthermia in response to an auditory conditioned stimulus. In this study, we investigated the time window and threshold of social housing where "social buffering...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.10.025
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infusions of cholecystokinin (CCK) may exert their effects on appetite by inducing feelings of nausea or anxiety. In this double blind, placebo controlled crossover study, the impact of these effects on appetite were examined. Fifteen male subjects received a 20 min i.v. infusion of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00169-3
更新日期：1998-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Four groups of female golden hamsters were exposed to short photoperiods (SP, LD 10:14) for 4, 14, 20, or 27 weeks and tested for physiological markers (uterine weight and estrous cycles) and behavioral (lordosis, approach and aggressive behaviors) measures while in contact with a stud male. After behavioral testing, ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90078-3
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) evoked from the ventral tegmental area-substantia nigra (VTA-SN) and lateral hypothalamus-medial forebrain bundle (LH-MFB) was assessed following microinjections of mu (Tyr-D-Ala2-N-Me-Phe4-Gly5ol: DAGO), delta-(D-Ala2, D-Met5)-enkephalin: DADME) or kappa (Dynorphin-B or Rimorphin)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)90036-1
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies examined the contribution of textural factors to the ability of rats to sense starch. If rats sense the abrasive effects of starch suspensions, conditioned aversions to starch should generalize to substances having a similar texture. Two substances having a texture similar to that of starch were examined, poly...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90220-a
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a combination of injection cannula and recording electrode, the effect of 1 microliter of 3 mM verapamil upon the multiunit responses evoked in the peripeduncular nucleus (PPN) by electric stimuli applied to the pudendal nerves in urethane anesthetized proestrous female rats was studied in 9 experiments. It was ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90170-9
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Footfall patterns during locomotor ontogeny have been observed in Wistar rats 10-30 days old. These reveal that, even at 22 days, the paw contacts are both spatially and temporally unlike those of the adult. In the adult there is a precise presentation sequence involving early soft contact of tactile sensitive forepaw...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)90023-x
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To characterize learning/memory profiles for the first time in the genetically heterogeneous NIH-HS rat stock, and to examine whether these are associated with anxiety, we evaluated NIH-HS rats for spatial learning/memory in the Morris water maze (MWM) and in the following anxiety/fear tests: the elevated zero-maze (Z...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.03.003
更新日期：2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Smokers, exsmokers and nonsmokers showed 50 to 150 minute cycles of consummatory behavior (eating and drinking) that appear to reflect a biological rhythm of oral drive. Smokers and exsmokers had significantly shorter cycles, i.e., more frequent consummatory peaks, than nonsmokers. If a greater frequency of consummato...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90480-4
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sexually dimorphic pheromone pathways have been used successfully to study insect olfactory coding. As one of the few mammalian species with an identified sex pheromone, the domestic pig (Sus scrofa) may be an ideal vertebrate species in which to examine sex differences in olfactory processing of a specific stimulus. ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)00225-t
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavioural and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses were investigated in farm mink (Mustela vison) selected for either confident or fearful behaviour for nine generations. Two groups of 2-year-old confident (n=12) and fearful (n=12) female mink were given the serotonin (5-HT) 1A receptor agonist buspir...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00964-2
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unlike thermal comfort in air, little research has been undertaken exploring thermal comfort around water sports. We investigated the impact of swimming and cooling in air after swimming on thermal comfort. After 10 min of swimming-and-resting cycles in 28°C water, volunteers wearing two types of garments or in swim b...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.016
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies reported recently have shown that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) a cytokine released by macrophages and monocytes plays a key role in inflammatory processes and immune and neuro-endocrine regulation. TNF-alpha is also produced in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the role of this cytokine in ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00514-3
更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have demonstrated previously that the use of an across-session progressive ratio procedure yields breakpoint values for 10% ethanol (10E) that are stable and comparable to those measured for other drugs of abuse [Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 23 (1999) 1580]. The aims of the present experiment were twofold: (1). to dete...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00963-0
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) reportedly promotes weight loss, in part, through suppression of hunger. However, this mechanism has never been evaluated in humans in a controlled study. Eighty-nine mildly overweight females were prescribed 5020-kJ diets for 12 weeks as part of a double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00321-8
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To partly or completely satisfy the increasing demand for insulin, pregnant rats were infused SC with human insulin (2.4 or 4.8 IU/day) from day 14 to day 20 of gestation. Cyclic control rats underwent the same procedure of 6 days of insulin-treatment. During the treatment all groups of rats were hypoglycaemic, but fo...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)00080-3
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats' ability to discriminate their hormonal states was examined by observing the effects of ovarian steroids on state-dependent learning using a drug discrimination task. A rat's entry into the correct arm (left or right) of a Y-maze terminated mild foot shock. The arm designated as correct was alternated daily, but ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)00146-a
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropeptide gamma (NP gamma) is a 21 aminoacid peptide belonging to the tachykinin (TK) family and including neurokinin A (NKA) in its C-terminal sequence. NP gamma possesses higher affinity than NKA for central NK-2 receptors; it shows lower affinity for NK-1 receptors, however, it potently stimulates salivary secre...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)00071-p
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate whether co-ingestion of carbohydrate and protein during exercise affect the post-exercise ad libitum food intake. Twelve healthy active male participants (mean±SD, age: 20±1; height: 176±6cm; weight: 63.6±5.3kg; VO2peak: 51.2±7.1ml/kg/min) completed three main experimental trials in a r...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.07.030
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Otitis media (OM) is a significant disease that affects nearly all children early in life. Recently, childhood overweight has become an epidemic. Past research has demonstrated that a history of OM is related to food preferences and overweight through proposed physiological mechanisms. The purpose of this ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.01.002
更新日期：2011-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Noise exposure during the critical period of postnatal development in rats results in anomalous processing of acoustic stimuli in the adult auditory system. In the present study, the behavioral consequences of an acute acoustic trauma in the critical period are assessed in adult rats using the acoustic startle reflex ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.12.010
更新日期：2011-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Kindled seizures can impair learning and memory. In the present study the effect of low-frequency electrical stimulation (LFS) on kindled seizure-induced impairment in spatial learning and memory was investigated and followed up to one month. Animals were kindled by electrical stimulation of hippocampal CA1 area in a ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.001
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
