Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Policy decisions regarding climate change mitigation are increasingly incorporating the beneficial and adverse health impacts of greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies. Studies of such co-benefits and co-harms involve modeling approaches requiring a range of analytic decisions that affect the model output. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to assess analytic decisions regarding model framework, structure, choice of parameters, and handling of uncertainty when modeling health co-benefits, and to make recommendations for improvements that could increase policy uptake. METHODS:We describe the assumptions and analytic decisions underlying models of mitigation co-benefits, examining their effects on modeling outputs, and consider tools for quantifying uncertainty. DISCUSSION:There is considerable variation in approaches to valuation metrics, discounting methods, uncertainty characterization and propagation, and assessment of low-probability/high-impact events. There is also variable inclusion of adverse impacts of mitigation policies, and limited extension of modeling domains to include implementation considerations. Going forward, co-benefits modeling efforts should be carried out in collaboration with policy makers; these efforts should include the full range of positive and negative impacts and critical uncertainties, as well as a range of discount rates, and should explicitly characterize uncertainty. We make recommendations to improve the rigor and consistency of modeling of health co-benefits. CONCLUSION:Modeling health co-benefits requires systematic consideration of the suitability of model assumptions, of what should be included and excluded from the model framework, and how uncertainty should be treated. Increased attention to these and other analytic decisions has the potential to increase the policy relevance and application of co-benefits modeling studies, potentially helping policy makers to maximize mitigation potential while simultaneously improving health.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Remais JV,Hess JJ,Ebi KL,Markandya A,Balbus JM,Wilkinson P,Haines A,Chalabi Zdoi
10.1289/ehp.1306744subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
447-55issue
5eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
122pub_type
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9088255
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Ambient air ozone (O3) is a pulmonary irritant that has been associated with respiratory health effects including increased lung inflammation and permeability, airway hyperreactivity, respiratory symptoms, and decreased lung function. Estimation of O3 exposure is a complex task because the pollutant exhibits...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1306566
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94-1567968
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109979
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106597
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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pub_type: 评论,信件
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更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.845725
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8982289
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00