Progress in Understanding and Treating SCN2A-Mediated Disorders.

abstract：:The recent advent of novel high-resolution imaging methods has created a flurry of exciting observations that address a century-old question: what are biological signals that regulate formation and elimination of dendritic spines? Contrary to the traditional belief that the spine is a stable storage site of long-term ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Segal I,Korkotian I,Murphy DD

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the mechanisms regulating the cerebral microcirculation during neural activity have been the subject of inquiry for a century or more, the mediators responsible for the changes in cerebral blood flow still remain to be clearly identified. The discovery that nitric oxide, a powerful cerebrovasodilator, is prod...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Iadecola C

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression is a common cause of mortality and morbidity, but the biological bases of the deficits in emotional and cognitive processing remain incompletely understood. Current antidepressant therapies are effective in only some patients and act slowly. Here, we propose an excitatory synapse hypothesis of depression in...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Thompson SM,Kallarackal AJ,Kvarta MD,Van Dyke AM,LeGates TA,Cai X

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past couple of years, it has become evident that some males carrying the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) premutation, typically viewed to be normal, in fact manifest a neurodegenerative disease with ataxia and tremor. FMR1 premutation alleles uniquely produce FMR1 transcripts with an elongated CGG repeat,...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Orr HT

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute inflammation plays an important role in host tissue defense against injury and infection, and also subsequent tissue repair. In the central nervous system parenchyma, following many types of insults, the acute inflammatory response to rapid neuronal degeneration or challenge with inflammatory substances differs ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Perry VH,Andersson PB,Gordon S

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of fatty acids regulate the activity of specific ion channels by mechanisms not involving the enzymatic pathways that convert arachidonic acid to oxygenated metabolites. Furthermore, these actions of fatty acids occur in patches of membrane excised from the cell and are not mediated by cellular signal transd...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ordway RW,Singer JJ,Walsh JV Jr

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:P2X receptors are cation-selective ion channels that open on binding to extracellular ATP; they play a role in fast synaptic transmission between neurones, and from autonomic nerves to smooth muscles. Isolation of cDNAs that encode P2X receptors in the smooth muscle of vas deferens and in phaeochromocytoma cells indic...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Surprenant A,Buell G,North RA

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interaural time differences (ITDs) represent an important cue in sound localization and auditory scene analysis. To assess this cue the auditory system internally delays binaural inputs to compensate for the outer delay, before neurons in the brainstem detect the coincident arrival of the inputs from the two ears. Dif...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Vonderschen K,Wagner H

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become apparent in recent years that the cytoskeleton and its associated proteins play a major role in secretion. This review summarizes recent findings on the cytoskeleton organization and the molecular topology of its regulatory proteins, as well as the dynamic changes that occur in this organelle during secr...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Trifaró JM,Vitale ML

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foraging-associated predation risk is a natural problem all prey must face. Fear evolved due to its protective functions, guiding and shaping behaviors that help animals adapt to various ecological challenges. Despite the breadth of risky situations in nature that demand diversity in fear behaviors, contemporary neuro...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Pellman BA,Kim JJ

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on the epileptic human temporal lobe, primarily on recent findings related to changes in hippocampal GABAergic interneuron circuits that have a central role in epileptogenesis. Relying on correlations to animal studies, we provide a functional interpretation of the different changes in perisomatic ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Maglóczky Z,Freund TF

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of the iconic fall migration of monarch butterflies have illuminated the mechanisms behind their southward navigation while using a time-compensated sun compass. Skylight cues, such as the sun itself and polarized light, are processed through both eyes and are probably integrated in the brain's central ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Reppert SM,Gegear RJ,Merlin C

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As we learn more about the functional expression of nicotinic receptors in specific brain regions such as the hippocampus, intriguing interactions are being uncovered at the cellular and circuit levels. Recent work from John Dani's laboratory provides important insights into how nicotinic receptors can modify hippocam...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： McGehee DS

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key problem in developmental neurobiology is how axons home in on their correct target tissue and establish the correct synaptic contacts. Recent work shows that in the developing Drosophila visual system a population of distinct lamina glial cells ensures correct target layer selection of retinal axons. In the abse...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Pielage J,Klämbt C

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying lesion formation in multiple sclerosis are unknown. The prevailing view is that macrophages are primary mediators of myelin destruction in the relapsing and remitting forms of this disease. However, recent findings have revealed widespread oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the absence of a clear c...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Matute C,Pérez-Cerdá F

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanosensation in Drosophila relies on sensory neurons transducing mechanical stimuli into ionic currents. The molecular mechanisms of this transduction are in the process of being revealed. Transduction relies on mechanogated ion channels that are activated by membrane stretch or the tension of force-conveying teth...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hehlert P,Zhang W,Göpfert MC

更新日期：2020-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory representations are repeatedly transformed by neural computations that determine which of their attributes can be effectively processed at each stage. Whereas some early computations are common across multiple sensory systems, they can utilize dissimilar underlying mechanisms depending on the properties of eac...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Cleland TA

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fast-acting ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) constitute a group that encompasses nicotinic ACh, 5-HT3, GABAA and glycine receptors. Undoubtedly, they all share a common evolutionary ancestor, and the group can therefore be considered to be a gene superfamily. Because the members of the superfamily are all recepto...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ortells MO,Lunt GG

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How did brains evolve to become so complex, and what is their future? Brains pose an explanatory challenge because entropy, which inexorably increases over time, is commonly associated with disorder and simplicity. Recently we showed how evolution is an entropic process, building structures - organisms - which themsel...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jeffery KJ,Rovelli C

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Axon interruption elicits a complex neuronal response that leaves neurons poised precariously between death and regeneration. The signals underlying this dichotomy are not fully understood. The transcription factor c-Jun is one of the earliest and most consistent markers for neurons that respond to nerve-fiber transec...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Herdegen T,Skene P,Bähr M

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nervous system is made up of many specific types of neuron intricately intertwined to form complex networks. Identifying and defining the characteristic features of the many different neuronal types is essential for achieving a cellular understanding of complex activity from perception to cognition. So far, cortic...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Maccaferri G,Lacaille JC

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The construction of artificial walking machines has been a challenging task for engineers for several centuries. Advances in computer technology have stimulated this research in the past two decades, and enormous progress has been made, particularly in recent years. Nevertheless, in comparing the walk of a six-legged ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Cruse H

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In their 1994 paper, Monyer et al. described unique functional properties and cell type-specific expression of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) GluN2 subunits, suggesting that the roles of NMDAR vary across brain regions and throughout development. This influential work not only provided insight into how molecular diversity impa...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Swanger SA,Traynelis SF

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It might appear curious to read about yeast, slime molds and protozoa in a journal dedicated to neuroscience. However, despite their distinct lack of synapses, eukaryotic microorganisms hold a wealth of information relevant to the signal-transduction pathways that underly activity in neuronal receptor cells, particula...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Van Houten J

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intensive mapping of the essential cerebellar brain circuits for Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning appeared relatively complete by 2000, but new data indicate the need for additional differentiation of cerebellar regions and mechanisms coding delay and trace conditioning. This is especially important, as trace condition...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Woodruff-Pak DS,Disterhoft JF

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relief from pain in humans is rewarding and pleasurable. Primary rewards, or reward-predictive cues, are encoded in brain reward/motivational circuits. While considerable advances have been made in our understanding of reward circuits underlying positive reinforcement, less is known about the circuits underlying the h...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Navratilova E,Atcherley CW,Porreca F

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A genetic analysis of mammalian neuronal physiology might now be possible due to the development of defective herpes simplex virus vectors, which allow gene transfer directly into mature neurons, in culture or in the adult brain. Genetically altered proteins that play critical roles in neuronal physiology, including t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Geller AI,During MJ,Neve RL

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mossy fiber (MF) synapses are key stations for flow of information through the hippocampal formation. A major component of the output of the MF system is directed towards inhibitory interneurons. Recent studies have revealed that the functional properties of MF-interneuron synapses differ substantially from those of M...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Bischofberger J,Jonas P

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons are dynamic cells that respond and adapt to stimuli throughout their long postmitotic lives. The structural and functional plasticity of neurons requires the regulated transcription of new gene products, and dysregulation of transcription in either the developing or adult brain impairs cognition. We discuss ho...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gallegos DA,Chan U,Chen LF,West AE

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central processing of olfactory information has been analyzed in the mushroom body of Drosophila by Ca(2+) imaging, extending such analysis of odor coding to the second relay of the olfactory system. Different odors, and different concentrations of a particular odor, yield distinct spatial patterns of activity. Mutati...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Carlson JR

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00