Rational engineering of synthetic microbial systems: from single cells to consortia.

abstract：:Endolysins are phage-encoded enzymes that break down bacterial peptidoglycan at the terminal stage of the phage reproduction cycle. Their action is tightly regulated by holins, by membrane arrest, and by conversion from their inactive to active state. Recent research has not only revealed the unexpected diversity of t...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Loessner MJ

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetoplastea such as trypanosomatid parasites contain specialized peroxisomes that uniquely contain enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and other parts of intermediary metabolism and hence are called glycosomes. Their specific enzyme content can vary strongly, quantitatively and qualitatively, between different species...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Szöör B,Haanstra JR,Gualdrón-López M,Michels PA

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The small nucleotides pppGpp and ppGpp (or (p)ppGpp) are rapidly synthesized in response to nutritional stress. In Escherichia coli, the enzymes RelA and SpoT are triggered by different starvation signals to produce (p)ppGpp. In many Gram-positive bacteria this is carried out by RelA and two small homologs. (p)ppGpp, ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Srivatsan A,Wang JD

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some of the most successful drugs in the antibiotic pharmacopeia are those that inhibit bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. However, the worldwide spread of bacterial antibiotic resistance has eroded the clinical efficacy of these drugs and the antibiotic pipeline continues to be lean as drug discovery programs struggle...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Gale RT,Brown ED

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helminths parasites undergo developmental changes and migration within their definitive host, in addition to establishing chronic infection. Essential to this is the evasion of host immune responses; the canonical Th2 response is effective at removing parasites resident in the intestine. Conversely, helminths also pro...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Musah-Eroje M,Flynn RJ

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a clinically significant herpes virus that maintains a lifelong infection in the host. HCMV infection of endothelial cells and macrophages plays an important role in the establishment of latency and persistence, which appears critical for the maintenance of HCMV within the host. HCMV in...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Jarvis MA,Nelson JA

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most Candida albicans strains are heterozygous at the MTL (mating-type-like) locus, but mating occurs in hemi- or homozygous strains. The white-opaque switch process is repressed by the heterodimer of the MTLa1 and MTLalpha2 gene products, while mating genes are induced by a2 and alpha1. Mating occurs in opaque cells ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Magee PT,Magee BB

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria furnish tractable models for complex biological processes, and morphogenesis is now taking its turn. We can already explain in general terms how such elementary forms as rods and cocci are produced, and the shapes of several individual organisms are coming into focus. In most bacteria shape is maintained by t...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Harold FM

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent developments have increased our understanding of the evolution of mutualistic associations between Epichloë endophytes and their grass hosts. Most of the asexual species appear to be interspecific hybrids. Although endophytes form compatible associations with their natural hosts, transfers to other hosts elicit...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Scott B

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensing its changing environment is key for Vibrio cholerae when making the transition from an aquatic lifestyle to one more suited to a human host. An inverse correlation between motility and virulence gene expression has been reported, with the NADH : ubiquinone oxidoreductase system which powers motility by generat...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Krukonis ES,DiRita VJ

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a dramatic increase in the number of completely sequenced bacterial genomes during the past two years as a result of the efforts both of public genome agencies and the pharmaceutical industry. The availability of completely sequenced genomes permits more systematic analyses of genes, evolution and genom...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Brutlag DL

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single microbial cells can now be sequenced using DNA amplified by the Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) reaction. The few femtograms of DNA in a bacterium are amplified into micrograms of high molecular weight DNA suitable for DNA library construction and Sanger sequencing. The MDA-generated DNA also performs...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Lasken RS

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The post-translational attachment of ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like modifiers (ULMs) to proteins regulates many cellular processes including the generation of innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens. Vice versa, pathogens counteract immune defense by inhibiting or redirecting the ubiquitination machinery of the...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Viswanathan K,Früh K,DeFilippis V

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria of Shigella spp., the causative agents of shigellosis in humans, possess a repertoire of approximately 25-30 effectors injected into host cells by a type III secretion apparatus (T3SA). The T3SA activity is activated upon contact of bacteria with cells and controls expression of some effectors. Recent structu...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Parsot C

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biochemical, serological and microbiological methods have been used to dissect pathogens and identify the components useful for vaccine development. Although successful in many cases, this approach is time-consuming and fails when the pathogens cannot be cultivated in vitro, or when the most abundant antigens are vari...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Rappuoli R

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The review highlights the dual role that the conserved master regulator FoxO has in aging by coordinating both stem cell proliferation and antimicrobial peptides, effector molecules of the innate immune system. As observed in non-senescent Hydra, continuously high activity of the transcription factor FoxO contributes ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Mortzfeld BM,Bosch TC

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elimination of non-functional or unwanted proteins is critical for cell growth and regulation. In bacteria, ATP-dependent proteases target cytoplasmic proteins for degradation, contributing to both protein quality control and regulation of specific proteins, thus playing roles parallel to that of the proteasome in euk...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Battesti A,Gottesman S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human pathogenic Yersinia species cause diseases that represent a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Despite this, specific mechanisms underlying Yersinia pathogenesis and protective host responses remain poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that Yersinia disrupt cell death pathways, perturb in...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Chung LK,Bliska JB

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The continued evolution of antimicrobial resistance in the hospital and more recently in the community threatens to seriously compromise our ability to treat serious infections. The major success of the seven-valent Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine at reducing both infection and resistance has been followed by the eme...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Rice LB

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High throughput, deep sequencing assays are powerful tools for gaining insights into virus-host interactions. Sequencing assays can discover novel viruses and describe the genomes of novel and known viruses. Genomic information can predict viral proteins that can be characterized, describe important genes in the host ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Wylie KM,Weinstock GM,Storch GA

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inducible tolerance to acidic and alkaline environments is recognized as an important survival strategy for many prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. Recent developments in understanding this phenomenon include the identification of regulatory genes, specific tolerance mechanisms and genes associated with tolera...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Foster JW

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane shape is functionally linked with many cellular processes. The limiting membrane of vacuoles containing Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium apicomplexan parasites lies at the host-parasite interface. This membrane comprises intra-vacuolar and extra-vacuolar tubulo-vesicular deformations, which influence host-par...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Santi-Rocca J,Blanchard N

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the past decades, oligosaccharides are considered for their potential biological activities. To exploit them, it was essential to obtain pure molecules in large amounts. Several strategies were developed to produce specific sugar sequences with specific substitution patterns from land plants and algae polysaccha...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Courtois J

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses attach to specific receptors, but identified receptors are often absent from the epithelial surfaces where infections begin. Viruses can bind to alternative receptor molecules present on epithelial surfaces and they can enter hosts in ways that bypass mucosal barriers to infection. To understand how viruses cr...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Bergelson JM

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single cell genomics (SCG) uncovers hereditary information at the most basic level of biological organization. It is emerging as a powerful complement to cultivation-based and microbial community-focused research approaches. SCG has been instrumental in identifying metabolic features, evolutionary histories and inter-...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Stepanauskas R

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial communities have considerable impacts on animal health. However, only in recent years have the host factors impacting microbiome composition been explored. An increasing wealth of microbiome data in combination with decades of research on behavior, physiology, and development have resulted in the European ho...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Miller DL,Parish AJ,Newton IL

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of professional phagocytes with the concomitant generation of oxidant species is a medullar innate immune process for the control of acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Recent data reinforce the hypothesis that parasites more prepared to deal with the host-oxidative assault are more efficient for the establi...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Piacenza L,Alvarez MN,Peluffo G,Radi R

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research into the mechanisms regulating bacterial cell size has its origins in a single paper published over 50 years ago. In it Schaechter and colleagues made the observation that the chemical composition and size of a bacterial cell is a function of growth rate, independent of the medium used to achieve that growth ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Vadia S,Levin PA

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ongoing development of metagenomic approaches is providing the means to explore antibiotic resistance in nature and address questions that could not be answered previously with conventional culture-based strategies. The number of available environmental metagenomic sequence datasets is rapidly expanding and hencef...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Monier JM,Demanèche S,Delmont TO,Mathieu A,Vogel TM,Simonet P

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have now complete genome sequences of several pairs of closely related prokaryotes (conspecific strains or congeneric species). Surprisingly, even strains of the same species can differ by as much as 20% in gene content. Conceptual and methodological approaches for dealing with such diversity are now being develope...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Boucher Y,Nesbø CL,Doolittle WF

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00