Abstract：
:Endolysins are phage-encoded enzymes that break down bacterial peptidoglycan at the terminal stage of the phage reproduction cycle. Their action is tightly regulated by holins, by membrane arrest, and by conversion from their inactive to active state. Recent research has not only revealed the unexpected diversity of these highly specific hydrolases but has also yielded insights into their modular organization and their three-dimensional structures. Their N-terminal catalytic domains are able to target almost every possible bond in the peptidoglycan network, and their corresponding C-terminal cell wall binding domains target the enzymes to their substrate. Owing to their specificity and high activity, endolysins have been employed for various in vitro and in vivo aims, in food science, in microbial diagnostics, and for treatment of experimental infections. Clearly, phage endolysins represent great tools for use in molecular biology, biotechnology and in medicine, and we are just beginning to tap this potential.
journal_name
Curr Opin Microbioljournal_title
Current opinion in microbiologyauthors
Loessner MJdoi
10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-08-01 00:00:00pages
480-7issue
4eissn
1369-5274issn
1879-0364pii
S1369-5274(05)00076-7journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Natural hypersaline waters are widely distributed around the globe, as both continental surface waters and sea floor lakes, the latter being maintained by the large density difference between the hypersaline and overlying marine water. Owing to the extreme salt concentrations, close to or at saturation (approximately ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2007.05.017
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kinetoplastea such as trypanosomatid parasites contain specialized peroxisomes that uniquely contain enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and other parts of intermediary metabolism and hence are called glycosomes. Their specific enzyme content can vary strongly, quantitatively and qualitatively, between different species...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
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abstract：:Infections caused by the apicomplexan parasites Plasmodium and Toxoplasma are wide-spread, life-threatening and therapeutically challenging. These pathogens are obligate intracellular microorganisms that invade mammalian cells by forming a self-made niche, the parasitophorous vacuole that is impervious to host lysosom...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2017.10.009
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gram-positive pathogens are a major cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections, and exhibit a remarkable ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) and multidrug-resistant pneumococci are currently the major r...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2010.08.006
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kinetoplastid parasites adapt to different environments with wide-reaching control of gene expression, but transcription of nuclear protein-coding genes is polycistronic: there is no individual control of transcription initiation. Mature mRNAs are made by co-transcriptional trans splicing and polyadenylation, and comp...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2016.04.018
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies of small regulatory RNAs in bacteria have focussed on conserved transcripts in intergenic regions. However, several recent developments including single-nucleotide resolution transcriptome profiling by RNA-seq and increased knowledge of the cellular targets of the RNA chaperone Hfq suggest that the bacter...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2015.01.013
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leishmania parasites are able to delay the onset of cell-mediated immunity by selectively impairing the ability of infected macrophages to produce interleukin (IL)-12. Leishmania infection arrests the JAK/STAT-mediated signal transduction involved in activation of the IL-12 p40 promoter; the phosphorylation defects ma...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1369-5274(99)80077-0
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biological nitrogen fixation is a much more important process in the nitrogen cycle of the oceans than previously thought. Further, nitrogen fixation may have an influence on the capacity of the oceans to sequester carbon. A greater diversity of marine nitrogen fixers has also been uncovered but their quantitative sig...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00215-0
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biofilm development and quorum sensing (QS) are closely interconnected processes. Biofilm formation is a cooperative group behaviour that involves bacterial populations living embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix. QS is a cell-cell communication mechanism that synchronizes gene expression in response to po...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2014.02.008
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus, GBS), a normal constituent of the intestinal microbiota is the major cause of human neonatal infections and a worldwide spread 'hypervirulent' clone, GBS ST-17, is strongly associated with neonatal meningitis. Adhesion to epithelial and endothelial cells constitutes a k...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2011.12.002
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus adapts to iron limitation by upregulation of iron uptake mechanisms including siderophore biosynthesis and downregulation of iron-consuming pathways to spare iron. These metabolic changes depend mainly on the transcription factor HapX. Consistent with the crucial...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2011.06.002
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genomic revolution is fully upon us in 2006 and the pace of discovery is set to accelerate with the emergence of ultra-high-throughput sequencing technologies. Our complete genome collection of bacteria and archaea continues to grow in number and diversity, as genome sequencing is applied to an array of new proble...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2006.08.008
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 21st century has seen the licensure of new anti-infective vaccines that have demonstrated their benefit for both individual and population (herd) protection. Despite this there are still many human pathogens for which no vaccine is available. As we learn more about these pathogens, and as technologies advance, mor...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2015.07.006
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria reside in externally accessible niches on and in multicellular organisms, often forming mutualistic relationships with their host. Recent studies have linked the composition of these microbial communities with alterations in the host's health, behavior, and development, yet the causative mediators of host-mic...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2017.05.006
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have now complete genome sequences of several pairs of closely related prokaryotes (conspecific strains or congeneric species). Surprisingly, even strains of the same species can differ by as much as 20% in gene content. Conceptual and methodological approaches for dealing with such diversity are now being develope...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00204-6
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research into the mechanisms regulating bacterial cell size has its origins in a single paper published over 50 years ago. In it Schaechter and colleagues made the observation that the chemical composition and size of a bacterial cell is a function of growth rate, independent of the medium used to achieve that growth ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2015.01.011
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work has shown that Immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) domains occur frequently on the surface of tailed dsDNA bacteriophages. Several of these Ig-like domains are added to bacteriophage structural proteins via programmed ribosomal frameshifts, and their evolutionary patterns suggest that they can be exchanged by ho...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2007.05.018
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We postulate that phenotypic resistance to antibiotics, persistence, is not an evolved (selected-for) character but rather like mutation, an inadvertent product of different kinds of errors and glitches. The rate of generation of these errors is augmented by exposure to these drugs. The genes that have been identified...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2014.06.016
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The review highlights the dual role that the conserved master regulator FoxO has in aging by coordinating both stem cell proliferation and antimicrobial peptides, effector molecules of the innate immune system. As observed in non-senescent Hydra, continuously high activity of the transcription factor FoxO contributes ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2017.06.009
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleoid proteins are a group of abundant DNA binding proteins that modulate the structure of the bacterial chromosome. They have been recruited as specific negative and positive regulators of gene transcription and their fluctuating patterns of expression are often exploited to impart an additional level of control w...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00181-8
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial pathogens employ a myriad of strategies to alter host tissue cell functions for bacterial advantage during infection. Recent advances revealed a fusion of infection biology with stem cell biology by demonstrating developmental reprogramming of lineage committed host glial cells to progenitor/stem cell-like c...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2014.11.021
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA translocases play important roles during the bacterial cell cycle and in cell differentiation. Escherichia coli cells contain a multifunctional translocase, FtsK, which is involved in cell division, late steps of chromosome segregation and dimer resolution. In Gram-positive bacteria, the latter two processes are a...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2011.10.004
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complete and partial genome sequence information is underway in several parasitic and symbiotic fungi that infect humans, other animals and plants. Comparative analyses of these sequences will provide new insights into the genomic plasticity and evolution of parasitism and mutualism in fungi. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(02)00355-7
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single cell genomics (SCG) uncovers hereditary information at the most basic level of biological organization. It is emerging as a powerful complement to cultivation-based and microbial community-focused research approaches. SCG has been instrumental in identifying metabolic features, evolutionary histories and inter-...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2012.09.001
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of a large number of sequenced microbial genomes allows us to conduct systematic studies on microbial gene regulatory systems. Computational methods, using comparative genomics approaches, are powerful tools to understand their mechanisms and evolutionary history. Recent advances in computational meth...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(02)00309-0
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ongoing development of metagenomic approaches is providing the means to explore antibiotic resistance in nature and address questions that could not be answered previously with conventional culture-based strategies. The number of available environmental metagenomic sequence datasets is rapidly expanding and hencef...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.010
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sequestered from the action of complement, antibody and lytic peptides, phagosomal pathogens pose a unique problem for the innate immune system both in terms of detection and disposal. An immunologically induced 47-kDa (p47) GTPase family recruited to nascent phagosomes (PGs) has provided new insights into how vertebr...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2004.12.012
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The historical paradigm of the deep ocean as a biological 'desert' has shifted to one of a 'rainforest' owing to the isolation of many novel microbes and their associated bioactive compounds. Recently, there has been an explosion of information about novel bioactive compounds that have been isolated from marine microb...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2005.04.008
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis is one of the most widely spread human pathogens. It has succeeded to infect a quarter of the global human population by developing most sophisticated ways to circumvent innate and adaptive immune defences. This highly specialized, major human patho...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2017.11.021
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a useful model system for understanding many aspects of eukaryotic cell growth. Studies of S. pombe have identified novel genes that function in the regulation of iron homeostasis. In response to high levels of iron, Fep1 represses the expression of several genes involved in the acquisitio...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2013.07.007
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
