Immunomodulation in multiple sclerosis: promises and pitfalls.

abstract：:Basophils are rare effector cells of the innate immune system. They are generally associated with type 2 immune responses that develop during helminth infections and allergic reactions. The role of basophils for initiation and execution of allergic immune responses is not well understood. Over the past few years new t...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Voehringer D

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunity to intracellular pathogens and cancer relies on the generation of robust CD8(+) T cell effector responses as well as the establishment of immunological memory. During a primary immune response CD8(+) T cells experience diverse extracellular environmental cues and cell-cell interactions that trigger downstream...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Thaventhiran JE,Fearon DT,Gattinoni L

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basophils are important effector cells, which contribute to protection against helminths and execute proinflammatory effector function during allergic inflammation. Basophils are also regulators of Th2 responses in helminth-infected hosts and in allergen-injected animals. Recently, three groups using different experim...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Nakanishi K

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T-lymphocyte activation is initiated by the interaction of the alpha beta TCR with a complex consisting of a class I or class II MHC-encoded molecule and an antigenic peptide, displayed on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. Real-time binding measurements using surface plasmon resonance have revealed kinetic an...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Margulies DH,Plaksin D,Khilko SN,Jelonek MT

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last year progress has been made towards elucidating the roles of the MHC gene products in autoimmunity. A major advance has been the recent determination of the crystallographic structure of the human MHC class II molecule, which will be invaluable in delineating the minimum structural requirements for peptide...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Campbell RD,Milner CM

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast two-hybrid technique provides a general approach for cloning cDNAs merely by exploiting the ability of their encoded proteins to bind to a protein of interest. The technique therefore offered a useful access to the analysis of the mechanisms of cell death at the initial stage of their study, when only a few ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wallach D,Boldin MP,Kovalenko AV,Malinin NL,Mett IL,Camonis JH

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise in IgE-mediated food allergy in recent times is the likely result of gene-environment interactions mediated via epigenetic pathways. As epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are at the interface between the environment and the genome, they may be ideal biomarkers of modifiable disease pathways....

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Martino DJ,Saffery R,Allen KJ,Prescott SL

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection with helminths has been associated with lower rates of asthma and other allergic diseases. This has been attributed, in part, to the ability of helminths to induce regulatory T cells that suppress inappropriate immune responses to allergens. Recent compelling evidence suggests that helminths may promote regu...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Logan J,Navarro S,Loukas A,Giacomin P

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings have significantly advanced our understanding of the mechanism by which the potent immunosuppressive drug rapamycin inhibits cytokine-dependent lymphocyte proliferation. The protein targeted by the immunophilin-rapamycin complex is a member of a newly defined family of phosphoinositide-3-kinase-related...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Abraham RT

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A marked increase in the susceptibility to cutaneous infections and malignancies has been observed in older humans indicating that cutaneous immunity becomes defective with age. In this review we will focus on recent developments in the understanding of age-related changes in immune function of the skin with a particu...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Vukmanovic-Stejic M,Rustin MH,Nikolich-Zugich J,Akbar AN

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumors of diverse origin have recently been shown to express CD95 ligand and to induce apoptosis in CD95-expressing targets in vitro; however, in vivo, enhanced tumor growth and rejection have both been observed as a consequence of either immunosuppressive or proinflammatory functions of CD95 ligand. The final in vivo...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Walker PR,Saas P,Dietrich PY

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinctions between tumor necrosis factor, TNF-alpha, and lymphotoxin, TNF-beta, have previously been based on the differences between their protein sequences, biological activity, and molecular regulation. In the past year, elucidation of the molecular nature of the two molecules and the interactions with common rec...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Ruddle NH

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma, one of the most common chronic diseases, is a complex and heterogeneous disorder. The results of genome screens for asthma-related traits in 11 different populations identified at least 18 regions of the genome that probably house asthma/atopy genes. The most consistently replicated regions are on chromosomes ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Hoffjan S,Ober C

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergen immunotherapy leads to tolerance through multiple mechanisms that include tolerogenic dendritic cells and T and B regulatory cells. These induced cellular populations produce mediators to skew the immune response to a tolerogenic milieu that, among others, results in IgG4 blocking antibodies formation and low...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Mitsias DI,Xepapadaki P,Makris M,Papadopoulos NG

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) has advanced significantly in the past two years. The gene that is aberrant in the condition - SH2D1A/SAP, which encodes SAP (signaling lymphocytic activation molecule [SLAM]-associated protein) - was cloned, the crystal structure of its product was ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Howie D,Sayos J,Terhorst C,Morra M

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:V(D)J recombination in B and T cells is required for the generation of receptors with a broad spectrum of specificity to foreign antigen. A total number of three immunoglobulin (Ig) and four T cell receptor (Tcr) loci can be targeted by the recombinase enzyme (RAG1/2) in a defined series of recombination events, which...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Chaumeil J,Skok JA

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past couple of years there has been significant progress in our understanding of the development of different lineages of T cells within the thymus. Pathways, subpopulations and cellular dynamics are all becoming clearer. Signal transduction through primary and accessory receptors is also beginning to be un...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Scollay R

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adoptive transfer of donor-type CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) protects from graft-versus-host disease in murine bone marrow transplantation models. Results from first clinical trials exploring such strategies have recently been presented and seem to confirm the efficacy of Treg for the prevention...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Edinger M,Hoffmann P

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the areas of greatest recent progress in immunology has been the elucidation of inhibitory receptors and their mode of signal transduction. A common feature of members of this growing family is expression of a conserved cytoplasmic sequence motif, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, which functi...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tamir I,Dal Porto JM,Cambier JC

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Not surprisingly, most of the publications on enzyme immunoassays or latex agglutination tests in 1990 have been applications for specific antigens or antibodies. Nevertheless, a large number of studies of considerable interest to all users have been reported. In this short review, we have chosen to highlight investig...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tijssen P,Adam A

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DC) are heterogenous, comprising several subpopulations of migratory and lymphoid-organ-resident types. Recent studies addressing the role of each subset in antigen presentation in vivo have revealed a complex division of labor within the DC network. In addition to CD8(+) DC, migratory lung or dermal ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Segura E,Villadangos JA

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of the innate immune system detect host invasion by pathogens and initiate immune responses. All of the TLRs use the adaptor MyD88 to transduce a signal; however, two newly identified signaling molecules, TIRAP and TRIF, interact with a subset of the TLRs, suggesting a signaling specific...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Kopp E,Medzhitov R

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intimate interactions between multipotential hemopoietic stem cells and their microenvironment work towards redefining the identity and the differentiative fate of these primitive cells. Molecular cues delivered by the microenvironment frequently act in an instructive fashion by initiating intracellular signaling path...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Georgopoulos K

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune system function declines with age. Here we review and compare age-associated changes in murine and human B cell pools and humoral immune responses. We summarize changes in B cell generation and homeostasis, as well as notable changes at the subcellular level; then discuss how these changes help to explain alter...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Scholz JL,Diaz A,Riley RL,Cancro MP,Frasca D

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccines have been developed and deployed against several important bacterial pathogens of humans, including Neisseria meningitidis, Bordetella pertussis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These vaccines are generally considered a successful public health measure and are effective at controlling...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Barnett TC,Lim JY,Soderholm AT,Rivera-Hernandez T,West NP,Walker MJ

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The breaking of tolerance or unresponsiveness to self-antigens, involving the activation of autoreactive lymphocytes, is a critical event leading to autoimmune diseases. The precise mechanisms by which this can occur are mostly unknown. Viruses have been implicated in this process, among other etiological factors, suc...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： von Herrath MG,Oldstone MB

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within a few years of the discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their role in innate immunity, viral and bacterial proteins were recognized to antagonize TLR signal transduction. Since then, as TLR signaling networks were unraveled, microbial systems have been discovered that target nearly every component within...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Rosadini CV,Kagan JC

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic and biochemical analyses have identified multiple DNA-binding and non-DNA-binding proteins that functionally regulate MHC class II genes. These include RFX, X2BP, NF-Y, CIITA, OCT-2 and Bob1. One of the essential non-DNA-binding proteins, CIITA, appears to function as a limiting molecular switch that is respon...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Boss JM

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years IL-33 has been widely studied in the context of T helper type 2 (Th2)-driven inflammatory disorders. Interestingly, IL-33 has now emerged as a cytokine with a plethora of pleiotropic properties. Depending on the immune cells targeted by IL-33, it is reported to not only promote Th2 immunity, but also to...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Villarreal DO,Weiner DB

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation is essential for lymphocyte proliferation driven by receptors for antigen, costimulatory ligands and cytokines. The lipid products of PI3K contribute to the assembly of membrane-associated signaling complexes by promoting recruitment of selected proteins from the cytoplasm. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Fruman DA

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00