Abstract:
:Infections can cause a multitude of stresses on the host and microbe. To detect potential infections, the mammalian immune system utilizes several families of pattern recognition receptors, which survey the intracellular and extracellular environments for microbial products. Members of each receptor family induce antimicrobial effector responses, which include inflammatory cytokine or interferon expression, downregulation of protein synthesis, or host cell death. In this review, we discuss the benefits of each of these innate immune responses. We highlight how non-infectious bacteria and viruses typically activate a single family of receptors, which results in a predictable host response. Infections with virulent pathogens, in contrast, may activate receptors from distinct families. As each receptor family may induce responses that antagonize or synergize with the activities of another family, cell fate decisions during pathogenic encounters are unpredictable. Understanding the antagonistic antimicrobial activities of the innate immune system should provide insight into how cell fate decisions are made during infections and potentially during other environmental stresses.
journal_name
Mol Celljournal_title
Molecular cellauthors
Franz KM,Kagan JCdoi
10.1016/j.molcel.2017.05.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-06-15 00:00:00pages
750-760issue
6eissn
1097-2765issn
1097-4164pii
S1097-2765(17)30326-Xjournal_volume
66pub_type
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