Abstract:
:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a most frequently occurring and severe form of motor neuron disease, causing death within 3-5 years from diagnosis and with a worldwide incidence of about 2 per 100,000 person-years. Mutations in over twenty genes associated with familial forms of ALS have provided insights into the mechanisms leading to motor neuron death. Moreover, mutations in two RNA binding proteins, TAR DNA binding protein 43 and fused in sarcoma, have raised the intriguing possibility that perturbations of RNA metabolism, including that of the small endogenous RNA molecules that repress target genes at the posttranscriptional level, that is, microRNAs, may contribute to disease pathogenesis. At present, the mechanisms by which microglia actively participate to both toxic and neuroprotective actions in ALS constitute an important matter of research. Among the pathways involved in ALS-altered microglia responses, in previous works we have uncovered the hyperactivation of P2X7 receptor by extracellular ATP and the overexpression of miR-125b, both leading to uncontrolled toxic M1 reactions. In order to shed further light on the complexity of these processes, in this short review we will describe the M1/M2 functional imprinting of primary microglia and a role played by P2X7 and miR-125b in ALS microglia activation.
journal_name
Mediators Inflammjournal_title
Mediators of inflammationauthors
Parisi C,Napoli G,Pelegrin P,Volonté Cdoi
10.1155/2016/2989548subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
2989548eissn
0962-9351issn
1466-1861journal_volume
2016pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Long-term exposure to crystalline silica leads to silicosis, which is characterized by persistent lung inflammation and lung fibrosis. Multiple immune cells have been demonstrated to participate in crystalline silica-induced immune responses. Our previous study indicated that B10 could control lung inflammation throug...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/8415094
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::H. pylori induces a complicated local and systematic immune response and contributes to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. A primary type 1 immune response is evoked by H. pylori since its occurrence. However, it is not unusual that an inhibitory immunity is dominant in H. pylori-associated diseases, which are prom...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/4927964
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated whether the administration of resolvin D1 to rats with endotoxininduced uveitis (EIU) ameliorates the immuno-inflammatory profile of the eye. 24 h after the administration of 200 μg LPS into the footpad of Sprague-Dawley rats, severe changes of the structure of the eye occurred concomitantly wi...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2012/318621
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microparticles (MPs) are induced during apoptosis, cell activation, and even "spontaneous" release. Initially MPs were considered to be inert cellular products with no biological function. However, an extensive research and functional characterization have shown that the molecular composition and the effects of MPs de...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/267590
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our previous study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly reduced the cell viability of primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) leading to cell apoptosis, which were prevented by caffeic acid (CA) through inhibiting NF-κB activation and reducing proinflammatory cytokine expression. While the underlying mech...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/1897820
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have previously reported a continuous activation of caspase-1 and increased interleukin (IL)-1β levels in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These observations raised the hypothesis that drugs targeting the IL-1β pathway, in addition to tumour necrosis factor (TNF), may be particularly effective for early R...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/195327
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis is characterized by interaction between immune and vascular endothelial cells which is mediated by adhesion molecules occurring on the surface of the vascular endothelium leading to massive release of proinflammatory mediators. Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae) standardized extracts showing beneficial eff...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/6173893
更新日期:2019-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about Yu-Ping-Feng (YPF), a typical Chinese herbal decoction, for its antitumor efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we found that YPF significantly inhibited the growth of Lewis lung cancer, prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice, promoted NK cell tumor infiltration, increased t...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/3541283
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::B-1a cells are distinguishable from conventional B cells, which are designated B-2 cells, on the basis of their developmental origin, surface marker expression, and functions. In addition to the unique expression of the CD5 antigen, B-1a cells are characterized by the expression level of CD23. Although B-1a cells are ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/9289417
更新日期:2018-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our work was to find if MCP-1 -2518 (A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) influences somehow the serum concentrations of high-sensitive CRP (hsCRP) both in patients suffering from ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI), angina pectoris (AP), and hypertension (HT) and in control group ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2009/390951
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The variable array of pattern receptor expression in different cells of the innate immune system explains the induction of distinct patterns of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Peptidoglycan and mannan were strong stimuli in neutrophils, whereas the fungal extract zymosan was the most potent stimulus in monocyte-deri...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2010/201929
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to compare serum levels of soluble forms of interleukin-2 receptor, CD4 and CD8, released by lymphocytes during activation ofthe immune system, in patients with histologically verified chronic active hepatitis associated to hepatitis C virus infection, with those in healthy subjects. S...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935194000256
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-cystic fibrosis-related bronchiectasis is a chronic inflammatory lung disease, which is regarded as an "orphan" lung disease, with little research devoted to the study of this condition. Bronchiectasis results in impaired quality of life and mortality if left untreated. The tools available in the armamentarium for...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2012/134605
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is considered to be a target for mediators released during airway inflammation. AIMS:To investigate the expression of c-fos, a constituent of the transcription factor activator protein-1, in human ASM cells. In addition, to measure the release of interleukin (IL)-6 into the condit...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09629350124155
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pivotal clinical problem occurring in many clinical conditions such as transplantation, trauma, and hepatic failure after hemorrhagic shock. Apoptosis and autophagy have been shown to contribute to cell death in hepatic I/R injury. Ethyl pyruvate, a stable and s...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/461536
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrooleic acid (OA-NO2) is an endogenous lipid product which has novel signaling properties, particularly the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of OA-NO2 against cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice. Mice were pretreated with OA-NO...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/293474
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a multifunctional glycosylated protein characterized by its wide tissue distribution. Despite its importance in lipid transport and atherosclerosis pathogenesis, apoE is associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson disease, and autoimmune disorde...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2011/949072
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain is a serious clinical problem to be solved. This study is aimed at investigating protein kinase A (PKA) expression in neuropathic pain and its possible mechanisms of involvement. A neuropathic pain-related gene expression dataset was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus, and differentially expresse...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/6420425
更新日期:2020-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::The secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a low-molecular-weight inhibitor of proteases, such as elastase and cathepsin G which are released from leukocytes during phagocytosis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not SLPI is able to inhibit IgE-mediated histamine release. Nasal mucosa fro...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09629359891162
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues. Obese individuals have an increased risk of periodontitis, and elevated circulating levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) may be a pathomechanistic link between both diseases. Recently, increased l...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/202530
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent investigations have indicated that reactive metabolites and AGE-RAGE-mediated inflammation might play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. In this observational clinical study, 150 patients were enrolled following liver transplantation from deceased dono...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/501430
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF- β 1) concentrations and the duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents. One hundred and sixteen patients with T1DM and 19 healthy controls were examined. Serum TGF- β 1 concentrations ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/849457
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study the question was addressed whether cAMP mediated drugs induce a differential reduction of branches of the arachidonic acid metabolism rather than a global reduction of eicosanoid synthesis. The isolated lungs of actively sensitized rats were employed to study prostaglandin and leukotriene release in the ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935192000395
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of anti-inflammatory plant extracts, such as black tea extract (BTE) and resveratrol (RSV) could modulate cell activation leading to atherosclerosis, however there is little comparative information about how different endothelial cell types are affected by these compounds. In order to compare human endothe...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2009/146872
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the protective effects of intravitreal Resolvin D1 (RvD1) against LPS-induced rat endotoxic uveitis (EIU). RvD1 was administered into the right eye at a single injection of 5 μL volume containing 10-100-1000 ng/kg RvD1 1 h post-LPS injection (200 μg, Salmonella minnesota) into thefootpad of Spr...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/149381
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin, a peptide hormone produced mainly in the stomach, has emerged as an important modulator of the inflammatory responses that are of significance to the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity. Here, we report on the role of ghrelin in controlling the apoptotic processes induced in gastric mucosal cells by H. p...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2010/280464
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paradigm of atherogenesis proposes that low density lipoproteins (LDLs) are trapped in subendothelial space of the vascular wall where they are oxidized. Previously, we showed that oxidation is not restricted to the subendothelial location. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme secreted by neutrophils and macro...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/750742
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokines and chemokines are proteins that coordinate the immune response throughout the body. The dysregulation of cytokines and chemokines is a central feature in the development of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and demyelination both in the central and peripheral nervous systems and in conditions of neuropa...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2013/480739
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have observed uncontrollable cardiogenic shock as a cardiovascular manifestation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) leading to death in a 62-year-old woman. The diagnosis of SIRS was based on the demonstration of endotoxinaemia, and highly elevated plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha,...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935195000731
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular bacterial ribonucleases such as binase from Bacillus pumilus possess cytotoxic activity against tumor cells with a potential for clinical application. Moreover, they may induce activation of tumor-derived macrophages either into the M1-phenotype with well-documented functions in the regulation of the ant...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/4029641
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00