Abstract:
:Atherosclerosis is characterized by interaction between immune and vascular endothelial cells which is mediated by adhesion molecules occurring on the surface of the vascular endothelium leading to massive release of proinflammatory mediators. Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae) standardized extracts showing beneficial effects are commonly prepared by solvent extraction, and acetone is used according to the European Pharmacopoeia recommendations; the well-known Ginkgo biloba acetone extract EGb761® is the most clinically investigated. However, in some countries, the allowed amount of solvent is limited to ethanol, thus implying that the usage of a standardized Ginkgo biloba ethanol extract may be preferred in all those cases, such as for food supplements. The present paper investigates if ethanol and acetone extracts, with comparable standardization, may be considered comparable in terms of biological activity, focusing on the radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities. Both the extracts showed high inhibition of TNFα-induced VCAM-1 release (41.1-43.9 μg/mL), which was partly due to the NF-κB pathway impairment. Besides ROS decrease, cAMP increase following treatment with ginkgo extracts was addressed and proposed as further molecular mechanism responsible for the inhibition of endothelial E-selectin. No statistical difference was observed between the extracts. The present study demonstrates for the first time that ethanol and acetone extracts show comparable biological activities in human endothelial cell, thus providing new insights into the usage of ethanol extracts in those countries where restrictions in amount of acetone are present.
journal_name
Mediators Inflammjournal_title
Mediators of inflammationauthors
Piazza S,Pacchetti B,Fumagalli M,Bonacina F,Dell'Agli M,Sangiovanni Edoi
10.1155/2019/6173893subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-25 00:00:00pages
6173893eissn
0962-9351issn
1466-1861journal_volume
2019pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Platelet-activating factor (PAF) seems to be implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with associated renal diseases. AIMS:In this study, we ensured the role of PAF in SLE patients without renal complications. METHODS:Blood PAF and acetylhydrolase activity, plasma soluble phospholipase A(2...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/0962935031000097718
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection by Leishmania takes place in the context of inflammation and tissue repair. Besides tissue resident macrophages, inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils are recruited to the infection site and serve both as host cells and as effectors against infection. Recent studies suggest additional important roles for ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/754965
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitotic catastrophe, as defined in 2012 by the International Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death, is a bona fide intrinsic oncosuppressive mechanism that senses mitotic failure and responds by driving a cell to an irreversible antiproliferative fate of death or senescence. Thus, failed mitotic catastrophe can promote...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/146282
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased insulin resistance and inflammatory action are observed in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), but similar insulin resistance is observed also in successful pregnancy. To estimate insulin resistance and inflammatory activity in normal pregnancy and PIH, serum concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA; correc...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2012/432575
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prominent feature of inflammatory diseases is endothelial dysfunction. Factors associated with endothelial dysfunction include proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and matrix degrading enzymes. At the transcriptional level, they are regulated by the histone deacetylase sirtuin (SIRT) 1 via its actions on t...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2012/597514
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia occur during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Elevated circulating concentrations of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) are reported during thrombocytopenia and leukopenia of different origins. We have assessed M-CSF concentrations in 40 pa...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935196000518
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity-induced skeletal muscle inflammation is characterized by increased macrophage infiltration and inflammatory cytokine production. In this study, we investigated whether 4-1BB, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF9) that provides inflammatory signals, participates in obesity-induced skeletal muscle i...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/865159
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abstract::Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms and characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. Obese individuals have an increased risk of periodontitis, and elevated circulating levels of adipokines, such as nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), may be a pathomechanis...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/437123
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here that the leptomeningeal cells transduce inflammatory signals from peripheral macrophages to brain-resident microglia in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) LPS. The expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, TNF-α, and inducible NO synthase was mainly detected in the gingival macrophages o...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/407562
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::L-Arginine is converted to the highly reactive and unstable nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline by an enzyme named nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO decomposes into other nitrogen oxides such as nitrite (NO(2) (-)) and nitrate (NO(2) (-)), and in the presence of superoxide anion to the potent oxidizing agent peroxynitrit...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935195000135
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/2056085.]. ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1155/2020/2195341
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Acute kidney injury (AKI), a clinical syndrome, is a sudden onset of kidney failure that severely affects the kidney tubules. One potential treatment is dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist that is used as an anesthetic adjuvant. It also has anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and sympat...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/2120971
更新日期:2020-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrooleic acid (OA-NO2) is an endogenous lipid product which has novel signaling properties, particularly the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of OA-NO2 against cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice. Mice were pretreated with OA-NO...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/293474
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide has enigmatic qualities in inflammation. In order to appreciate the precise contributions of nitric oxide to a pathophysiological process, one must account for enzyme source, coproduction of oxidants and antioxidant defences, time, rate of nitric oxide production, cellular source, peroxynitrite formation ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935195000639
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pivotal clinical problem occurring in many clinical conditions such as transplantation, trauma, and hepatic failure after hemorrhagic shock. Apoptosis and autophagy have been shown to contribute to cell death in hepatic I/R injury. Ethyl pyruvate, a stable and s...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/461536
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/3214105.]. ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1155/2017/2917134
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incubation of rat hepatocytes in primary culture with IL-1beta at a concentration of 2.5 units/ml resulted in an increase (+80%) in the amount of apoE mRNA without any effect upon apoE synthesis. IL-6 at a low concentration (10 units/ml) induced a decrease (-35%) in the amount of apoE mRNA, but increased apoE synthesi...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935192000498
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasites of the genus Leishmania are capable of inhibiting effector functions of macrophages. These parasites have developed the adaptive ability to escape host defenses; for example, they inactivate the NF-κB complex and suppress iNOS expression in infected macrophages, which are responsible for the production of th...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/2631625
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tested the hypothesis that shock wave therapy (SW) enhances mitochondrial uptake into the lung epithelial and parenchymal cells to attenuate lung injury from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS was induced in rats through continuous inhalation of 100% oxygen for 48 h, while SW entailed applicat...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/5425346
更新日期:2018-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a most frequently occurring and severe form of motor neuron disease, causing death within 3-5 years from diagnosis and with a worldwide incidence of about 2 per 100,000 person-years. Mutations in over twenty genes associated with familial forms of ALS have provided insights into ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/2989548
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis is a chronic inflammatory disease whose macrophages are involved in immunopathology modulation. Although P2X7 receptor signaling plays an important role in inflammatory responses mediated by macrophages, no reports have examined the role of P2X7 receptors in macrophage function during schistosomiasis. ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/134974
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between urinary eosinophil protein X (uEPX) and asthma symptoms, lung function, and other markers of eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthmatic school children. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was performed in 180 steroid dependent atopic children...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2007/49240
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is associated with the development of Th2 responses. This study examined the potential role of IL-33 in the pathogenic process of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in Chinese patients. The levels of serum IL-33 and sST2 in 154 patients with CHC, 24 with spontaneously resolved HCV (SR-HCV) infection and ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2012/819636
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serine proteinases have been recognized as playing an important role in inflammation via proteinase activated receptors (PARs). However, little is known about the influence of serine proteinases and PARs on TNF secretion from highly purified T cells. We challenged T cells from human peripheral blood with serine protei...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/165453
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Systemic inflammation impairs cognitive performance, yet the brain networks mediating this process remain to be elucidated. The purpose of the current study was to use resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore changes in the functional connectivity in a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/6212934
更新日期:2019-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to the spectrum of biological action already known to be exhibited by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and platelet aggregation inhibitor, there is growing evidence of a stimulatory effect on the immune system. ASA has been found to increase the production ofcytokines and to in...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/S0962935194000591
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Severe traumatization induces a complex pathophysiology, driven by the patient's own immune system. The initial activation is a result of damage-associated molecular patterns, which are released from disrupted and dying cells and recognized by immune receptors, for example, RAGE. In this study we aimed to ev...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/691491
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the association between the rs12979860 polymorphism in the IL-28B gene and HTLV-1 infection as well as the development of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1-infected patients (26 HAM/TSP symptomatic and 53 asymptomatic) and 300 seronegative health...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/804167
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Obesity and related diseases are dramatically increasing problems, particularly in children and adolescents. We determined circulating levels of different interleukin (IL)-1 family members in normal weight and overweight adolescents. METHODS:Seventy male, Caucasian adolescents (13-17 years) were recruited. ...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2010/958403
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet size has been demonstrated to reflect platelet activity and seems to be a useful predictive and prognostic biomarker of cardiovascular events. It is associated with a variety of prothrombotic and proinflammatory diseases. The aim is a review of literature reports concerning changes in the mean platelet volume...
journal_title:Mediators of inflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2019/9213074
更新日期:2019-04-17 00:00:00