An immunohistochemical study of NFE2L2, KEAP1 and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and the EMT markers SNAI2, ZEB1 and TWIST1 in metastatic melanoma.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Little is known regarding the role of redox balance regulators in metastatic melanomas, but there is some evidence for a link between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cellular redox status. METHODS:We compared the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), TWIST1, SNAI2 and ZEB1 between primary melanomas and metastases in a cohort of 23 nevi, 66 malignant melanomas and 22 metastases. RESULTS:Nuclear NFE2L2 expression was higher (p=0.003) and cytoplasmic KEAP1 lower (p=0.026) in metastatic lesions than at primary sites. Nuclear NFE2L2 expression was associated with the presence of distant metastases (p=0.040) and with nuclear TWIST1 expression (p=0.002). Patients having both NFE2L2 and TWIST1 expression in nuclei had an extremely poor prognosis (p=0.0003). In multivariate analysis nuclear TWIST1 expression was an independent predictor of a poorer prognosis (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.17-7.69; p=0.023) and the invasive TWIST1/ZEB1 phenotype showed poorer melanoma-specific survival (HR 7.28, 95% CI 2.23-23.77; p=0.001). Nuclear expression of 8-OHdG (p=0.001) was lower at metastatic sites than in primary lesions. CONCLUSIONS:EMT signalling and the KEAP1/NFE2L2-axis are likely to be involved in metastatic spread of malignant melanoma and also appear to have potential interactions.

journal_name

Histol Histopathol

authors

Hintsala HR,Haapasaari KM,Soini Y,Karihtala P

doi

10.14670/HH-11-778

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-02-01 00:00:00

pages

129-136

issue

2

eissn

0213-3911

issn

1699-5848

pii

HH-11-778

journal_volume

32

pub_type

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