Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Changing lifestyle habits is considered the principal measure for the control of blood pressure and obesity. The aim of this study was to characterize the eating habits, anthropometric characteristics, physical fitness and blood pressure of students of health science degrees during the first three academic years and to explore the relation between the aforementioned parameters. METHODS:This was a longitudinal study conducted over three years on the eating habits and physical fitness of health science students (n=366) and the influence of these factors on blood pressure and obesity. RESULTS:The mean food group intakes of both female and male participants corresponded to a high consumption of lean and fatty meat, sweets and pastries and a low consumption of cereals, fruits, vegetables, olive oil, fish, nuts and vegetables. Blood pressure and obesity-related parameters were within normal ranges and did not change over the study period. Aerobic capacity values increased in men from the beginning to the end of the study, while V02max decreased in women between the first and second years. CONCLUSION:We note that, in both women and men, blood pressure values were lower when diet was high in vegetables, legumes, nuts, fish and olive oil. In both sexes, we found a negative correlation between aerobic capacity and systolic and diastolic blood pressure and a positive correlation between obesity and blood pressure. The pattern of the eating habits and changes therein were different in young women and men, the former being focused on improving their diet and the latter on improving their physical fitness. Objetivo:Cambiar los hábitos de vida se considera la principal medida para el control de la presión arterial y la obesidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar los hábitos alimentarios, características antropométricas, condición física y la presión arterial de los estudiantes de grados de ciencias de la salud durante los tres primeros años académicos y analizar la relación entre los parámetros antes mencionados. Métodos:El estudio fue un estudio longitudinal llevado a cabo durante los tres primeros años de universidad, donde se midieron los hábitos alimenticios y la condición física de los estudiantes de grados de ciencias de la salud (n = 366) y la influencia de estos factores sobre la presión arterial y la obesidad. Resultados:El consumo de alimentos tanto de mujeres como de hombres, se correspondió con un consumo excesivo de carne magra y grasa, dulces y pasteles; y un bajo consumo de cereales, frutas, verduras, aceite de oliva, pescado, frutos secos y legumbres. Los parámetros de la presión arterial y de la obesidad se sitúan dentro de la normalidad y no varían a lo largo del periodo de estudio. Los valores de la capacidad aeróbica aumentaron en los hombres desde el principio hasta el final del estudio, mientras que V02max disminuyó en las mujeres entre el primer y segundo año. Conclusiones:Observamos que tanto en las mujeres como en los hombres, los valores de presión arterial fueron más bajos cuando la dieta era rica en verduras, legumbres, frutos secos, pescados y aceite de oliva. En ambos sexos, se encontró una correlación negativa entre la capacidad aeróbica y la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y una correlación positiva entre la obesidad y la presión arterial. El patrón de los hábitos alimentarios y los cambios a lo largo de los tres años, fueron diferentes en las mujeres y los hombres. Las mujeres se centran más en la mejora de su dieta y los hombres en la mejora de su condición física.
journal_name
Nutr Hospjournal_title
Nutricion hospitalariaauthors
Zarrazquin I,Torres-Unda J,Ruiz F,Irazusta J,Kortajarena M,Hoyos Cillero I,Gil J,Irazusta Adoi
10.3305/nh.2014.30.5.7833subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
1144-51issue
5eissn
0212-1611issn
1699-5198journal_volume
30pub_type
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