Abstract：
:Natural evolution has produced a great diversity of proteins that can be harnessed for numerous applications in biotechnology and pharmaceutical science. Commonly, specific applications require proteins to be tailored by protein engineering. Directed evolution is a type of protein engineering that yields proteins with the desired properties under well-defined conditions and in a practical time frame. While directed evolution has been employed for decades, recent creative developments enable the generation of proteins with previously inaccessible properties. Novel selection strategies, faster techniques, the inclusion of unnatural amino acids or modifications, and the symbiosis of rational design approaches and directed evolution continue to advance protein engineering.
journal_name
Curr Opin Chem Bioljournal_title
Current opinion in chemical biologyauthors
Lane MD,Seelig Bdoi
10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.09.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-10-01 00:00:00pages
129-36eissn
1367-5931issn
1879-0402pii
S1367-5931(14)00124-0journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:There has been a significant increase in the number of compounds synthesized in early drug-discovery programs with the advances in combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput biological screening efforts. Various in silico, in vitro and in situ approaches have been described in literature that achieve higher throughpu...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00228-3
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although biotin and lipoic acid are two universally conserved cofactors essential for intermediary metabolism, their synthetic pathways have become known only in recent years. Both pathways have unusual features. Biotin synthesis in Escherichia coli requires a methylation that is later removed whereas lipoic acid is a...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.08.004
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein citrullination is a post-translational modification of arginine that is catalyzed by the Protein Arginine Deiminase (PAD) family of enzymes. Aberrantly increased citrullination is associated with a host of inflammatory diseases and cancer and PAD inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy in a range of diseases...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.10.014
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, ogliopeptides have enjoyed ever increasing interest in two areas: first, approaches to biomimetic enzyme-like activity; and second, as metal-free catalysts for enantioselective transformations of synthetic interest. The discovery and optimization of peptides for these purposes has often used the metho...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(03)00065-6
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oligonucleotide in vitro selection provides surprisingly specific aptamers to protein targets. Synthetic chemistries for modifying nucleotides have been developed to enhance aptamer binding affinity. The diversity of nucleosides amenable to either triphosphate synthesis or phosphoramidite activation is now sufficientl...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(97)80103-2
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rapid growth of bio-sequence information has resulted in an increasing demand for reliable methods that group proteins. A few databases with curated alignments of protein families have demonstrated that expert-driven repositories can keep up with the data deluge in the genome era. These original resources implicit...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(02)00003-0
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of nitrile-related enzymes have been screened over the past year for use in synthetic applications. There have also been significant advances in our understanding of the structures and modes of regulation of metal-containing nitrile hydratases. Enzyme structural characterization has provided new insights into...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(99)00058-7
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developing technologies such as unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, non-natural cofactor engineering, and computational design are generating proteins with novel functions; these proteins, however, often do not reach performance targets and would benefit from further optimization. Evolutionary methods can complement the...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.11.020
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The definition of molecular diversity and the development of measures for assessing the similarity or dissimilarity of molecules are central tasks for the design of novel biologically active compounds. Combinatorial chemistry allows the coupling of mathematical optimisation methods that do not require the a priori kno...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(98)80013-6
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manganese, iron, copper, and zinc are observed to play essential roles in mitochondria. The overload and depletion of metal ions in mitochondria under pathological conditions, however, could disturb mitochondrial compartments and functions leading to cell death. In this review, we mainly summarize how impaired metal i...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.09.009
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The field of enzymology has long used small-molecule mass spectrometry. However, the direct interrogation of covalent and non-covalent intermediates by large-molecule mass spectrometry of enzymes or large peptide substrates is illuminating an increasingly diverse array of chemistries used in nature. Recent advances no...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.08.018
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The application of molecular cloning has revealed the phenomenal diversity and complexity of the phosphodiesterase isoenzyme family. Thus, more than 30 human phosphodiesterases are now known; all are apparently necessary for the seemingly simple task of hydrolysing the 3'-ester bond of either cyclic adenosine monophos...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(98)80123-3
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyketides are a large class of structurally diverse, biologically active natural products. Recent experiments add evidence that many of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these natural products are intrinsically tolerant of nonnatural substrates. In addition, an increasing understanding of structure-functio...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(02)00360-5
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural modification of naturally occurring beta-lactams and beta-lactones is a highly effective strategy for generating drugs for treating bacterial infections, cancer, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. These drugs acylate catalytic amino acids (serine, threonine, or cysteine) in enzyme targets such as penicillin-bindi...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.03.035
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although random mutagenesis and screening and evolutionary engineering have long been the gold standards for strain improvement in industry, the development of more sophisticated recombinant DNA tools has led to the introduction of alternate methods for engineering strain diversity. Here, we summarize several combinat...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.01.017
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural products containing a gamma-butyrolactone ring are abundant in nature; however, few general synthetic approaches to their stereoselective synthesis with broad structural variety are known. In this article, recent developments towards mono- and polycyclic gamma-butyrolactone natural products and analogs are dis...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.03.005
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural products are evolutionarily designed and chemically distinct from most synthetic library molecules. In addition to their role as drugs, they are successfully used as molecular probes to identify disease relevant targets. Novel natural products are still routinely discovered from traditional sources through cul...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.05.018
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein cysteine residues are central to redox signaling and to protection against oxidative damage through their interactions with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and electrophiles. Although there is considerable evidence for a functional role for cysteine modifications, the identity and physiological significa...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.11.003
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromatin, the nucleoprotein complex organizing the genome, is central in regulating gene expression and genome organization. Chromatin conformational dynamics, controlled by histone post-translational modifications (PTM) and effector proteins, play a key role in this regulatory function. Recent developments in chemic...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.01.022
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The active site of cross-linked enzyme crystals can be further modified by chemical means, yielding a new type of chemically engineered enzyme. In the past year, the characteristics of cross-linked protein crystals as microporous materials have been studied and used as stationary phases in chromatographic separations....
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(99)80007-6
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical imaging plays an increasingly important role in studying heterogeneous biological systems. It combines molecular spectroscopy with high-resolution spatial information to create quantitative images of molecular distributions. Here I summarize recent progress in technical developments and biological application...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.05.002
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of protein sequence databases exist, ranging from simple sequence repositories, which store data with little or no manual intervention in the creation of the records, to expertly curated universal databases that cover all species and in which the original sequence data are enhanced by the manual addition of ...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2003.12.004
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemokines are a large superfamily of chemotactic cytokines that are utilized to direct the trafficking and migration of leukocytes within the immune system. The chemokines mediate their activity through a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors, and thus are highly tractable as therapeutic targets. Exciting a...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00113-7
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is tremendous interest in developing and refining methods to predictably perform chemical reactions within the framework of living systems. Here we review recent advances in applying tetrazine cycloadditions to live cell and in vivo chemistry. We highlight new syntheses of the tetrazine and dienophile precursors...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.08.004
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent uses of phage-displayed combinatorial peptide and cDNA libraries have proven invaluable in mapping protein-protein interactions, protein-drug interactions, and the generation of 'molecular therapeutics'. This article reviews some of the findings of the past year and points out some of the pros and cons of phage...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1367-5931(01)00287-3
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide arrays have attracted wide interest as tools for discovering biochemical interactions. Because many protein binding and enzyme activities are directed towards peptides, the preparation of arrays having hundreds to thousands of immobilized peptides offers an unprecedented opportunity for identifying interaction...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2004.08.007
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exacerbation of climate change and air pollution around the world have emphasized the necessity of replacing fossil fuels with clean and sustainable energy. Metabolic engineering has provided strategies to engineer diverse organisms for the production of biofuels from renewable carbon sources. Although some of the pro...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.02.009
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electron bifurcation, or the coupling of exergonic and endergonic oxidation-reduction reactions, was discovered by Peter Mitchell and provides an elegant mechanism to rationalize and understand the logic that underpins the Q cycle of the respiratory chain. Thought to be a unique reaction of respiratory complex III for...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.07.026
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of unactivated C-H bonds is an important process in nature and organic synthesis. Nature employs a wide range of metalloproteins to efficiently catalyze such reactions. Quantum chemistry can be used to explore the reactivity of such systems. Atomic level insight into the catalytic mechanisms can be gained t...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.02.007
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metal ions are known to act as catalytic centres in metallo-enzymes. On the other hand, low-molecular-weight metal complexes are widely used as catalysts in chemical systems. However, small catalysts do not have a large protein ligand to provide substrate selectivity and minimize catalyst poisoning. Despite the challe...
journal_title：Current opinion in chemical biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.01.024
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
