Abstract:
:Two recently developed A 150 plastic-equivalent gas mixtures have been tested for suitability in proportional counter applications. Methane- and propane-based "tissue-equivalent" gases were also included for comparison purposes. Event-size weighted dose distributions were measured in a 14.8-MeV neutron beam. Resolution was found to be independent of gas mixture. Moreover the gains of the two A 150 mixtures were the same, and comparable to that of the methane-based gas mixture. The ionization yield per event size was also independent of the hydrogenous gas mixture employed. Neutron doses determined with the proportional counter were in reasonable agreement with those obtained from an ionization chamber.
journal_name
Med Physjournal_title
Medical physicsauthors
DeLuca PM Jr,Schell MC,Pearson DW,Higgins PD,Attix FHdoi
10.1118/1.595536subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-01 00:00:00pages
449-55issue
4eissn
0094-2405issn
2473-4209journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
MEDICAL PHYSICS文献大全abstract:PURPOSE:Having been overlooked for many years, research is now starting to take into account the directional distribution of neutron workplace fields. Existing neutron dosimetry instrumentation does not account for this directional distribution, resulting in conservative estimates of dose in neutron workplace fields (b...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4964456
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The American Association of Physicists in Medicine recommends that the reference dose-rate distribution, used for treatment planning for low-energy photon brachytherapy sources in routine clinical use, must be based on at least two independent determinations: one using experimentally measured dose rates and one using ...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.1690712
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied a recently proposed aggregated CT reconstruction technique which combines the complementary advantages of kilovoltage (kV) and megavoltage (MV) x-ray imaging. Various phantoms were imaged to study the effects of beam orientations and geometry of the imaging object on image quality of reconstructed CT. It wa...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.2768862
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning typically considers beam optimization and beam delivery as separate tasks. Following optimization, a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) or other beam delivery device is used to generate fluence patterns for patient treatment delivery. Due to limitations and char...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.1477230
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To validate GPUMCD, a new package for fast Monte Carlo dose calculations based on the GPU (graphics processing unit), as a tool for low-energy single seed brachytherapy dosimetry for specific seed models. As the currently accepted method of dose calculation in low-energy brachytherapy computations relies on sev...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3598441
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generating an optimized radiation treatment plan requires understanding the factors affecting tumour control. Mathematical models of tumour dynamics may help in future studies of factors predicting tumor sensitivity to radiotherapy. In this study, a time-dependent differential model, incorporating biological cancer ma...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.2965923
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This work is to evaluate the effects of Compton current generation in three small-volume ionization chambers on measured beam characteristics for electron fields. METHODS:Beam scans were performed using Exradin A16, A26, and PTW 31014 microchambers. Scans with varying chamber components shielded were performed...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4929555
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional IMRT dose verification using film and ion chamber measurements is useful but limited with respect to the actual dose distribution received by the patient. The Monte Carlo simulation has been introduced as an independent dose verification tool for IMRT using the patient CT data and MLC leaf sequence files,...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.2208916
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To improve the efficiency of atlas-based segmentation without compromising accuracy, and to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method on MRI-based prostate segmentation application. METHODS:Accurate and efficient automatic structure segmentation is an important task in medical image processing. Atlas-bas...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4867855
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To overcome the problem of organ motion in intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), gated IMRT is often used for the treatment of lung cancer. In this study, the authors investigated the accuracy of the delivered monitor units (MUs) from each segment during gated IMRT using a two-dimensional detector array...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3310806
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop an anthropomorphic, deformable and multimodal pelvis phantom with positron emission tomography extension for radiotherapy (ADAM PETer). METHODS:The design of ADAM PETer was based on our previous pelvis phantom (ADAM) and extended for compatibility with PET and use in 3T magnetic resonance imaging ...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mp.14597
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the image quality of virtual monochromatic images synthesized from dual-source dual-energy computed tomography (CT) in comparison with conventional polychromatic single-energy CT for the same radiation dose. METHODS:In dual-energy CT, besides the material-specific information, one may also synthesi...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3658568
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient for growth and development. Unfortunately, overexposure can lead to neurological damage, which is manifested as a movement disorder marked by tremors. Preclinical symptoms have been found in populations occupationally exposed to the element, and it is suggested that in late stag...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.1517613
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Variations during breast tissue development can influence later breast cancer risk. In particular, prolonged nulliparity increases risk. The authors used optical spectroscopy to compare breast tissue in 115 nulliparous women aged 31-40 (group 2) to 140 nulliparous women aged 18-21 (group 1), and also to 36 paro...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3276737
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the utility of three manual planimetric methods to quantify carotid plaque volume. A single observer measured 15 individual plaques from 15 three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound (3D US) images of patients ten times each using three different planimetric approaches. Individual plaque volumes were measured (...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.2715487
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soft-tissue detectability in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was evaluated via two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) tests. Investigations included the dependence of detectability on radiation dose, the influence of the asymmetric three-dimensional (3D) noise-power spectrum (NPS) in axial and sagittal or coronal p...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.2790586
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transmission imaging is receiving increasing attention in SPECT due to the need to compensate for nonuniform attenuation in cardiac-chest SPECT. The quality of a transmission image has an important effect on the measured attenuation distribution. To improve image quality, knowledge of the performance characteristics o...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.596752
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In the practice code of dosimetry, humidity effect is assumed to be constant as far as the measurements are performed in the relative humidity (RH) range of (20-80)%; thus, the humidity effect can be ignored with a dose uncertainty of 0.15%. This assumption is based on the previous experimental results by Niate...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mp.13665
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Computerized liver extraction from hepatic CT images is challenging because the liver often abuts other organs of a similar density. The purpose of this study was to develop a computer-aided measurement of liver volumes in hepatic CT. METHODS:The authors developed a computerized liver extraction scheme based o...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3395579
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A multi-institutional planning study was performed to evaluate the frequency that current guidelines established by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) protocols and other literature for lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) treatments are followed. METHODS:A total of 300 patients receiving lung SBRT ...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1118/1.4926551
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The limited-angle intrafractional verification (LIVE) system was developed to track tumor movement during stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). However, the four-dimensional (4D) MV/kV imaging procedure results in additional radiation dose to patients. This study is to quantify imaging radiation dose from...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mp.13511
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The most appropriate method of evaluating the effective atomic number necessitates consideration of energy-dependent behavior. Previously, this required quite laborious calculation, which is why many scientists revert to over-simplistic power-law methods. The purpose of this work is to develop user-friendly sof...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3689810
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like Medical Physics, Imaging Informatics encompasses concepts touching every aspect of the imaging chain from image creation, acquisition, management and archival, to image processing, analysis, display and interpretation. The two disciplines are in fact quite complementary, with similar goals to improve the quality ...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4735777
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Linac calibration is done in water, but patients are comprised primarily of soft tissue. Conceptually, and specified in NRG/RTOG trials, dose should be reported as dose-to-muscle to describe the dose to the patient. Historically, the dose-to-water of the linac calibration was often converted to dose-to-muscle for pati...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mp.13995
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To objectively characterize the performance of the gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) mode of GE CT750 HD scanner from a user's perspective. METHODS:A regular scan protocol that approximates the adult abdomen scan protocol frequently used in the authors' institute was selected as the baseline, and a GSI protocol ...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.3551999
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image quality suffers from contamination from scattered photons in the projection images. Monte Carlo simulations are a powerful tool to investigate the properties of scattered photons.egs_cbct, a recent EGSnrc user code, provides the ability of performing fast scatter calcu...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4881142
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is developed to smooth intensity-modulated beam delivery while considering hardware constraints. The method uses matrix algebra to model MLC leaf motion and hardware constraints such as interleaf digitization, synchronization requirements, and intersegment field abutment to deliver intensity modulated beam se...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.1521121
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subsecond single-slice, multi-slice or cone-beam spiral computed tomography (SSCT, MSCT, CBCT) offer great potential for improving heart imaging. Together with the newly developed phase-correlated cardiac reconstruction algorithms 180 degrees MCD and 180 degrees MCI [Med. Phys. 27, 1881-1902 (2000)] or related algorit...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.1487861
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) usually uses heterogeneous dose distributions in a given volume. Designing detectors for quality control of these treatments is still a developing subject. The size of the detectors should be small to enhance spatial resolution and ensure low perturbation of the beam. A hi...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4837178
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantify the inter fraction variation of spatial location of high dose regions of OARs in MR-image based cervix brachytherapy using rigid registration algorithm. METHODS:Retrospective analysis of 27 previously treated patients under EMBRACE multi-centric trial was evaluated. Each patient had two application...
journal_title:Medical physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1118/1.4735513
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00