Abstract：
:A venous blood sample and an umbilical cord blood sample were obtained from five young women treated with the neuroleptic drug, cis(Z)-flupentixol decanoate in Viscoleo (intramuscularly) or flupentixol (orally) at the time of giving birth. In two cases amniotic fluid was also obtained, and from three of the mothers milk and simultaneous blood samples were obtained in the lactation period. Concentrations of the active drug, cis(Z)-flupentixol were measured in serum, amniotic fluid, and milk by radioimmunoassay. It was found that the concentration of the active drug in umbilical cord serum (fetal serum) was lower than that in serum from the mother--the ratio being about 0.24. Thus the amounts of drug reaching the fetus are low, but they cannot be considered unimportant. The concentrations found in milk were about 30% higher than the serum concentrations. However, the amounts of drug administered to the neonate with the milk are very low and, unless the neonate differs considerably from the adult as to sensitivity to or metabolism of this particular drug, they are of no importance.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Kirk L,Jørgensen Adoi
10.1007/BF00433814subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-01-01 00:00:00pages
107-8issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract：RATIONALE:The party drug ecstasy is frequently used in combination with other drugs like marihuana and alcohol. In addition, a substantial proportion of the MDMA users has claimed to drive a car when under the influence of MDMA and/or other drugs. OBJECTIVE:To assess the effects of MDMA and alcohol, combined and alone...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-006-0434-z
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-carbamoyl-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl) acetamidine hydrochloride (LON 954) causes a reproducible rest tremor in mice, of rapid onset and short duration with no associated rigidity or akinesia and in the absence of any marked changes in body temperature or accompanying peripheral parasympathomimetic effects. This tremor ca...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00439104
更新日期：1977-04-29 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Exposure to a single session of uncontrollable inescapable shock (IS), but not to identical controllable escapable shock, produces a potentiation of morphine's rewarding properties that is unusual in that the stressor can be given a number of days before the drug administration in an environment quite differe...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1572-1
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Dopamine (DA) D2-like antagonists block several effects of cocaine, including its locomotor stimulant and interoceptive discriminative-stimulus effects. Because these compounds generally lack selectivity among the D2-like DA receptors, the specific roles of the subtypes remain unclear. OBJECTIVES:DA D2 recep...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1142-y
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study demonstrates that pre-exposure to stress influences subsequent effects of stress on pain sensitivity (stress-induced analgesia) and on plasma corticosterone and brain catecholamine activity. Animals exposed to a 30 min shock session (S1 = 8, 5.0 s shocks) 10 days earlier showed a significant attenuation of ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00442814
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The behavioral responses to separate and combined administration of the D1 agonist SKF-38393 and the D2 agonist quinpirole following acute dopamine (DA) depletion via alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT) or AMPT/reserpine were examined in infant (10-day-old) and weanling (21-day-old) rat pups. At both ages, AMPT pretreatmen...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244963
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Alcohol drinking may lead to increased aggression in certain individuals, and both fighting and drinking increase levels of dopamine and serotonin in mesocorticolimbic structures. Assessing the dynamic changes in these neurotransmitters during the course of drinking and fighting has remained challenging. OB...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-006-0637-3
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Previous studies indicate that the rewarding effect of D-1 dopamine receptor stimulation in nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell is greater in food-restricted (FR) than in ad libitum fed (AL) rats. The D-1 receptor is positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase and activates protein kinase A (PKA). OBJECTIVES:The purpos...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2602-z
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postsynaptic dopamine-cholecystokinin (CCK) interactions in the nucleus accumbens were studied in two behavioral preparations of DA receptor supersensitivity: chronic-neuroleptic treated and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) denervated rats. Subcutaneous (SC) injections of apomorphine (APO; 0.15 mg/kg) in experiment 1 produc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00445568
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of the increasing demand for refined techniques to record drug-induced motoric changes, we designed and evaluated a computer monitoring system with continuous measurement of different parameters of rat motor activity. This system is particularly useful for chronic drug studies because it can characterize patte...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00432113
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Numerous substituted cathinone drugs have appeared in recreational use. This variety is often a response to legal actions; the scheduling of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV; "bath salts") in the USA was followed by the appearance of the closely related drug α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (alpha-PVP; "flakka"...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-015-3944-8
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Although most opioid self-administration research has been conducted with laboratory animals, such research with humans is necessary to answer questions unique to human drug-taking behavior. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the influence of morphine dose and an alternative non-drug reinforcer on choice between morp...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002130050051
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The orexin/hypocretin system has recently been implicated in reward-seeking, especially for highly salient food and drug rewards. We reasoned that this system may be strongly engaged during periods of reward restriction, including food restriction. OBJECTIVES:This study examined the involvement of the orexin...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-012-2902-y
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Clozapine is a unique antipsychotic with very low propensity to cause motor side effects. In contrast to most other antipsychotics that block more than 70% of dopamine D(2) receptors at therapeutic doses, clozapine occupies less than 70%. Furthermore, even at maximum occupancy, 70% is not exceeded. Several me...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-001-0967-0
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Many of the biochemical, physiological, and behavioral effects of ethanol are known to be mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors. Emerging evidence implicates metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the biobehavioral effects of ethanol and other drugs of abuse, but there is little information regardi...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0217-y
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of methaqualone on isonicotinic acid hydrazide, 6-mercapto propionic acid, picrotoxin, and strychnine-induced convulsion were studied in mice and the results compared with diazepam. Methaqualone, like diazepam, was found to be a selective antagonist of isoniazid-induced convulsion and a much less effective...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00426965
更新日期：1978-04-14 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Cocaine and opioids are often co-abused. As yet, however, there is no clear evidence that the drugs interact to make the mixture a more effective reinforcer. OBJECTIVE:The present study examined the relative reinforcing potency and maximum effectiveness of the cocaine-opioid combination in monkeys given a ch...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-2131-1
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) is a widely used method to study the role of serotonin (5-HT) in affect and cognition. ATD results in a strong but transient decrease in plasma tryptophan and central 5-HT synthesis and availability. Although its use is widespread, the evidence that the numerous functional eff...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-007-0908-7
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Treatment of the most widely abused drugs, nicotine and alcohol, is hampered by high rates of relapse. Varenicline tartrate, an α4β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist, is currently prescribed as a smoking cessation aid. However, there is emerging evidence that it may also modulate alcohol seeking and cogniti...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-011-2213-8
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Current medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) include some single isomer compounds [dextroamphetamine (D: -amphetamine, dexedrine) and dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)] and some racemic compounds [methylphenidate and mixed-salts amphetamine (Adderall)]. Adderall, which contains approxima...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-004-2012-6
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Typical neuroleptic medications are still administered to as many as 40% of patients receiving antipsychotic treatment in the US. Intermittent administration or interruption of long-term neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia may increase the incidence of human tardive dyskinesias, and similarly may produce...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130000572
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Although some aspects of memory functions are known to be acutely impaired by delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta(9)-THC; the main active constituent of marijuana), effects on other aspects of memory are not known and the time course of functional impairments is unclear. OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1169-0
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholecystokinin (CCK) and dopamine (DA) coexist in both cell body and terminal areas of a mesolimbic pathway that projects from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (N ACC). Autoradiography reveals extensive CCK binding sites in the N ACC, but not in the VTA. However, iontophoresis of CCK into the...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00445571
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between changes in IV tyramine pressor sensitivity accompanying selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor treatment and estimates of MAO-A and MAO-B inhibition in vivo were studied. Reductions in platelet MAO activity provided an index of MAO-B inhibition, while changes in plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00431748
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haloperidol has recently been found to be metabolized to its pyridinium ion (HP+). This conversion of haloperidol to HP+ appears to be similar to the activation of the dopaminergic neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to N-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ion (MPP+). MPP+ is responsible for the dam...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02246077
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subtype of dopamine (DA) receptors mediating the yawning response to DA agonists was determined in rats. Yawning was elicited both by the mixed D1-D2 agonist apomorphine and by the specific D2 agonist LY 171555, but not by the selective D1 agonist SKF 38393. Both apomorphine- and LY 171555-induced yawning were ant...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00518186
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of various doses of 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) to rats produced dose-related decreases in 1-h food intake in the food-deprived paradigm. Pretreatment with spiperone (5-HT1A/5-HT2/D2 antagonist), propranolol or CGP361A (beta-adrenoceptor antagonists that also have binding affinit...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02247721
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Latent inhibition (LI), namely, poorer performance on a learning task involving a previously pre-exposed non-reinforced stimulus, is disrupted in the rat by the dopamine (DA) releaser amphetamine which produces and exacerbates psychotic (positive) symptoms, and this is reversed by treatment with typical and a...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-002-1313-x
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were presented with noise bursts alone or noise bursts 60 ms after presentation of either a 60 dB or an 80 dB prepulse after injection of the dopamine agonists apomorphine (3 mg/kg) or d-amphetamine (4 mg/kg), the glycine antagonist strychnine (1.5 mg/kg) or the alpha 2 antagonist yohimbine (5 mg/kg). Presentatio...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00174500
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Alcohol intoxication can dampen negative affective reactions to stressors. Recently, it has been proposed that these acute anxiolytic effects of alcohol may extend to dampening of negative affective reactions to error commission during cognitive control tasks. Nonetheless, empirical verification of this claim...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-020-05619-4
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
