Abstract:
RATIONALE:Dopamine (DA) D2-like antagonists block several effects of cocaine, including its locomotor stimulant and interoceptive discriminative-stimulus effects. Because these compounds generally lack selectivity among the D2-like DA receptors, the specific roles of the subtypes remain unclear. OBJECTIVES:DA D2 receptor knockout (DA D2R KO), heterozygous (HET), and wild-type (WT) mice were used to study the role of D2 DA receptors in the effects of cocaine. Some effects of the relatively selective DA D2-like antagonist raclopride were also studied to further assess the role of D2 receptors. METHODS:DA D2R KO, HET, and WT mice were treated with cocaine (1-10 mg/kg) or vehicle, and their horizontal locomotor activity was assessed. The mice were also trained to discriminate i.p. injections of saline from cocaine (10 mg/kg) using a two-response key, fixed-ratio-20 response, food-reinforcement procedure. A range of doses of cocaine (1.0-17 mg/kg) was administered before 15-min test sessions. RESULTS:Both DA D2R KO and HET mice showed reduced levels of horizontal activity relative to WT mice. Cocaine dose dependently stimulated activity in each genotype, with the highest level of activity induced in the DA D2R WT mice. All three genotypes acquired the discrimination of 10 mg/kg cocaine; tested doses of 1.0-10.0 mg/kg produced dose-related increases in the number of cocaine-appropriate responses. Raclopride, at inactive to fully active doses (0.1-1.0 mg/kg), did not fully substitute for cocaine. Raclopride dose dependently shifted the cocaine dose-effect curve to the right in DA D2R WT and HET mice. However, in DA D2R KO mice, raclopride was inactive as an antagonist. CONCLUSIONS:The present data indicate an involvement of D2 DA receptors in the locomotor-stimulating effects and the interoceptive discriminative-stimulus effects of cocaine in WT subjects. However, the D2 receptor is not necessary for the effects, suggesting redundant dopaminergic mechanisms for the discriminative-stimulus interoceptive effects of cocaine.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Chausmer AL,Elmer GI,Rubinstein M,Low MJ,Grandy DK,Katz JLdoi
10.1007/s00213-002-1142-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-08-01 00:00:00pages
54-61issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
163pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study tested placebo responses in psychomotor performance when caffeine or alcohol was expected. Fifty male university students were assigned to one of four placebo groups or to a no-treatment control group. Two groups received placebo caffeine and two received placebo alcohol. Subjects performed 12 trials on a p...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02245081
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:In patients, ketamine is a fast-acting antidepressant that can induce long-lasting symptom relief. Similar rapid effects have been reported in rodents, but reports of lasting effects are limited. OBJECTIVES:We sought to extend past findings by examining dose-response curves that overlap with the individual d...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2169-8
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Roxindole is a potent autoreceptor-selective dopamine agonist with additional properties as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A agonist. In order to get more insight into its mode of action in various psychiatric populations, we evaluated the effects of subchronic roxindole treatment on pituitary and adrenal hor...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246221
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The experience of strong traumata leads to the formation of enduring fear memories that may degenerate into post-traumatic stress disorder. One of the most successful treatments for this condition consists of extinction training during which the repeated exposure to trauma-inducing stimuli in a safe environme...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5000-y
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:So-called atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) are associated with varying levels of weight gain and associated metabolic disturbances, which in patients with serious mental illness (SMI) have been linked to non-compliance and poor functional outcomes. Mechanisms underlying AAP-induced metabolic abnormalities are o...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4324-8
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Tolerance to delay of gratification, taken to reflect impulsiveness, has been proposed to be under the preferential control of central serotonin (5-HT) processes. OBJECTIVE:The present study further examined the effects of drugs which directly or indirectly alter 5-HT transmission, on behaviour controlled by...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005485
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The indirect dopamine agonist methylphenidate remediates cognitive deficits in psychopathology, but the individual characteristics that determine its effects on the brain are not known. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine whether targeted dopaminergically modulated traits and individual differences could predic...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4307-9
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phencyclidine combined with footshock stress produced a greater increase in the homovanillic acid content of prefrontal cortex than either phencyclidine or footshock alone. Phencyclidine decreased both substance P and substance K in the ventral tegmental area. The results suggest that phencyclidine and footshock activ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02439600
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intraperitoneal administrations of the deoxycorticosterone metabolite, 5 alpha-pregnane-, 21 diol-20-one (3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone; alpha-THDOC) on the responses to aggression and defeat-induced analgesia were examined in subordinate intruder male mice in "resident-intruder" pairin...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00172960
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have examined the association between ethanol use and cigarette smoking topography. In particular, no study has objectively investigated the relationship between chronic ethanol exposure and cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between cigarette smoking and past and cur...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245794
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral effects following intrastriatal MPP+, the neurotoxic metabolite of MPTP, were evaluated in mice. Bilateral injections of 10 micrograms MPP+ to mice previously trained in the shuttle box paradigm produced a 66% decrease in striatal dopamine and significant deficits in all measures of conditioned avoidanc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00176480
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE:Despite the popularity of polysubstance abuse among recreational methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users, relatively few controlled experimental studies have documented the neurobehavioral effects of MDMA in combination with other abused substances. OBJECTIVE:In this study, the combined acut...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1774-2
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Alzheimer disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. A combination of cholinergic and glutamatergic dysfunction appears to underlie the symptomatology of AD, and thus, treatment strategies should address impairments in both systems. Evidence sugges...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1092-0
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we have investigated the effects of diazepam (DZP) (10 mg/kg) treatment of rat dams during different periods of gestation or during lactation on the development and behavior of their offspring. The results show that DZP exposure during different phases of early development has differing effects on...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427422
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Treatment of the most widely abused drugs, nicotine and alcohol, is hampered by high rates of relapse. Varenicline tartrate, an α4β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist, is currently prescribed as a smoking cessation aid. However, there is emerging evidence that it may also modulate alcohol seeking and cogniti...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2213-8
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Synthetic psychostimulant abuse, including cathinone-derived 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), continues to increase in many countries. Similar to cocaine but with greater potency, MDPV elicits a transient sympathomimetic response by blocking cellular uptake of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE)-admin...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-017-4709-3
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A placebo-controlled study with six normal volunteers was carried out using 1 mg haloperidol IM. In some EEG frequency bands, the power density due to haloperidol appeared to increase or decrease depending on the subject. Nevertheless, if the results of the six subjects are taken together, the effects of haloperidol a...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00431753
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Recent findings have shown a complexly regulated 5-HT system as it is linked to different kinds of aggression. OBJECTIVE:We focus on (1) phasic and tonic changes of 5-HT and (2) state and trait of aggression, and emphasize the different receptor subtypes, their role in specific brain regions, feed-back regul...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-2000-y
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selectively bred FAST mice are highly susceptible, while SLOW mice are less susceptible, to the locomotor stimulant effects of ethanol. Heritability estimates indicate that approximately 15% of the variance in the FAST lines is of additive genetic origin, while low susceptibility is ostensibly nonheritable. Inbreeding...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244259
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Behavioral and dopamine responses to cocaine are sexually dimorphic: Female rats exhibit higher levels of locomotor and reward-associated behaviors after cocaine administration and dopamine release than do males. Activation of the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32 kDa (DARPP-32) intracellul...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1388-0
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric illness. It is associated with many short-term and long-term complications including poor academic and social performance, legal problems and increased risk of suicide. Moreover, it is often complicated by other serious psychiatric dis...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0569-y
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voluntary consumption of alcohol by rats (i.e. in the absence of food or water deprivation, sweetening of the alcohol solution, etc.) that results in the attainment of behaviorally significant or pharmacologically detectable blood alcohol levels (BALs) has been difficult to demonstrate. In this study, we showed that f...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00177925
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:When paired with training, substances that increase monoaminergic transmission in the brain support motor and language learning in healthy subjects and in rehabilitation after brain lesions. OBJECTIVES:To test the hypotheses that enhancement of central norepinephrine by the selective norepinephrine reuptake ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0420-5
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Working memory performance may be improved or decreased by amphetamine, depending on baseline working memory capacity and amphetamine dosage. This variable effect suggests an optimal range of monaminergic activity for working memory, either below or above which it is compromised. We directly tested this possi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0025-4
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The uptake of 3H-5-HT in synaptosomes from rat brains was investigated. Addition of DA or NA had only a slight or no effect on the uptake. When the uptake into NA and DA neurons was inhibited by the addition of high concentrations of NA and DA, the uptake of 3H-5-HT was unchanged. This was also found after destruction...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00429172
更新日期:1978-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Research in pediatric psychopharmacology has expanded considerably in the last 10 years. Still, controversy remains about the effectiveness and safety of commonly used psychotropics and their role in child treatment, thus pointing to the need for more in-depth and targeted investigations. OBJECTIVES:To revie...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0414-3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The present series of experiments was conducted in order to assess the nature of dopaminergic modulation of the acoustic startle response using agonists and antagonists specific for dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. OBJECTIVES:The objective of the present study was to demonstrate an enhancement of the acoustic s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130051020
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The role of pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in youth has received much attention in recent years due to concerns of efficacy and safety of the antidepressants for the treatment of MDD in youth. OBJECTIVES:This review describes the existing published and unpublished literat...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0442-z
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to (i) characterise the mouse behavioural profile (particularly social interactions) during the preweaning period, (ii) assess the effects of prenatal exposure to an anticonvulsant drug widely used in clinical practice, (iii) examine possible genetic differences both in baseline behavi...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245214
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central dopaminergic transmission has been implicated in memory processes. The present experiments examined the effects of several direct acting dopaminergic agents on performance of a delayed-non-match-to-sample radial arm maze task. Preadministration of apomorphine (D1-D2 agonist; 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg), quinpiro...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245288
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00