Biosensing with cell phones.

abstract：:Along with the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology tools, various microbes are being used to produce aromatic chemicals. In microbes, aromatics are mainly produced via a common important precursor, chorismate, in the shikimate pathway. Natural or non-natural aromatics have been produced by engin...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Noda S,Kondo A

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lantibiotics are a unique class of bacterium-derived peptide antibiotics, all of which contain the rare amino acid lanthionine, as well as a number of other nonprotein amino acids. Unlike most other peptide antibiotics, lantibiotics are produced on the ribosome as a prepeptide, and a series of post-translational m...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Jack RW,Sahl HG

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low production cost is a key factor driving the development of plants and plant tissue cultures for the synthesis of therapeutic and other foreign proteins. Because product yield and concentration exert a major influence on process economics, improving foreign protein accumulation is crucial for enhancing the commerci...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Doran PM

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genome-sequencing projects are providing a detailed 'parts list' of life. A key to comprehending this list is understanding the function of each gene and each protein at various levels. Sequence-based methods for function prediction are inadequate because of the multifunctional nature of proteins. However, just kn...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Skolnick J,Fetrow JS

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Europe has led many aspects of gene research and yet it has been unable to translate these discoveries into a globally dominant industrial sector. There are valid societal, political and financial reasons for its reluctance to deploy agricultural biotechnology but this reluctance might have unintended consequences. It...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Enriquez J

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Building robust manufacturing processes from biological components is a task that is highly complex and requires sophisticated tools to describe processes, inputs, and measurements and administrate management of knowledge, data, and materials. We argue that for bioengineering to fully access biological potential, it w...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Sadowski MI,Grant C,Fell TS

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies are able to both bind antigens and trigger the responses that eliminate them from circulation. All antibodies are glycosylated at conserved positions in their constant regions, and the presence of carbohydrate can be critical for antigen clearance functions such as complement activation. The structure of th...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Wright A,Morrison SL

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current productivity crisis in drug discovery has prompted the pharmaceutical industry to decentralize R&D, which is now more responsive, more flexible and better connected to research in academia and biotechnology firms. Organizational changes are also under way in academia. Universities are expanding their techn...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： West W,Nightingale P

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic research is expected to generate new types of complex observational data, changing the types of experiments as well as our understanding of biological processes. The investigation and definition of relationships among proteins is essential for understanding the function of each gene and the mechanisms of biolo...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Haberkorn U,Altmann A

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-throughput genetic screens interfering with gene expression are invaluable tools to identify gene function and phenotype-to-genotype interactions. Implementing such screens in the laboratory is challenging, and the choice between currently available technologies based on RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated pr...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Schuster A,Erasimus H,Fritah S,Nazarov PV,van Dyck E,Niclou SP,Golebiewska A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major impact of genome projects on human health will be their contribution to the understanding of protein function. Proteins are the engines of biological systems, nearly all pharmaceuticals act on proteins and increasingly proteins themselves are used therapeutically. As biology enters the post-genomic era, resear...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Braun P,LaBaer J

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Luminescence has assumed an important role in analytical biochemistry and molecular biology as an extremely sensitive method for determining the concentration of specific ions and molecules. The luminescent system of the jellyfish Aequorea victoria consists of the photoprotein aequorin, which contains the molecule coe...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Jones K,Hibbert F,Keenan M

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular microarrays are powerful experimental tools for high-throughput screening of large numbers of test samples. Miniaturization increases assay throughput while reducing reagent consumption and the number of cells required, making these systems attractive for a wide range of assays in drug discovery, toxicology, ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Fernandes TG,Diogo MM,Clark DS,Dordick JS,Cabral JM

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic plants that express foreign proteins with industrial or pharmaceutical value represent an economical alternative to fermentation-based production systems. Specific vaccines have been produced in plants as a result of the transient or stable expression of foreign genes. It has recently been shown that genes ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Mason HS,Arntzen CJ

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology and its application to regulatory T cells (Tregs) has garnered interest among researchers in the field of cell and gene therapy. Merging the benefits of CAR technology with Tregs offers a novel and promising therapeutic option for durable reshaping of undesired immune respons...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Fritsche E,Volk HD,Reinke P,Abou-El-Enein M

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, several groups have published data on the shear sensitivity of suspended animal cells and the protective effect of certain polymers. These findings did not, at the time, seem to have great practical application because shear sensitivity did not cause great problems for large-scale applications in sparged and...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： van der Pol L,Tramper J

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular systems in which fluorescence switches between 'on' and 'off' states when driven by chemical stimuli can be designed according to a few principles. The photochemical mechanisms examined are photoinduced electron transfer, internal charge transfer and excimer formation, with emphasis on the first category. Th...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： de Silva AP,Fox DB,Moody TS,Weir SM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bovine mastitis, the most significant disease of dairy herds, has huge effects on farm economics due to reduction in milk production and treatment costs. Traditionally, methods of detection have included estimation of somatic cell counts, an indication of inflammation, measurement of biomarkers associated with the ons...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Viguier C,Arora S,Gilmartin N,Welbeck K,O'Kennedy R

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Step by step, the components of an artificial form of cellular life are being assembled by researchers. Lipid vesicles the size of small bacteria can be prepared and under certain conditions are able to grow and divide, then grow again. Polymerase enzymes encapsulated in the vesicles can synthesize RNA from externally...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Deamer D

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Musculoskeletal diseases are increasing the prevalence of physical disability worldwide. Within the body, musculoskeletal soft and hard tissues integrate through specific multitissue transitions, allowing for body movements. Owing to their unique compositional and structural gradients, injuries challenge the native in...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Calejo I,Costa-Almeida R,Reis RL,Gomes ME

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a family of ∼2500 alkaloids with both potential and realized pharmaceutical value, including most notably the opiates such as codeine and morphine. Only a few BIAs accumulate readily in plants, which limits the pharmaceutical potential of the family. Shifting BIA production to m...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Narcross L,Fossati E,Bourgeois L,Dueber JE,Martin VJJ

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Techniques to enable direct communication between the brain and computers/machines, such as the brain-computer interface (BCI) or the brain-machine interface (BMI), are gaining momentum in the neuroscientific realm, with potential applications ranging from medicine to general consumer electronics. Noninvasive BCI tech...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Min BK,Marzelli MJ,Yoo SS

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Europe, in light of ethical, political and commercial pressure, every effort should be made to replace animals with alternatives (e.g. in vitro models), to reduce the number of animals used in experiments to a minimum and to refine current testing strategies in a way that ensures animals undergo minimum pain and di...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kroeger M

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the future, biomass will continue to emerge as a viable source of chemicals. The development of new industries that utilize bio-renewables provides opportunities for innovation. For example, bio- and chemo-catalysts can be combined in 'one pot' to prepare chemicals of commercial value. This has been demonstrated us...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Marr AC,Liu S

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predicting the future use of biocatalysts for the transformation of organic compounds--both natural substrates and other compounds--needs to take many factors into account. To date, relatively few biotransformations have been developed to the industrial scale, primarily because there has been little economic incentive...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Faber K,Franssen MC

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biohacking is a do-it-yourself citizen science merging body modification with technology. The motivations of biohackers include cybernetic exploration, personal data acquisition, and advocating for privacy rights and open-source medicine. The emergence of a biohacking community has influenced discussions of cultural v...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Yetisen AK

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravital imaging enables to study dynamic tumour-stroma interactions within primary and metastatic sites, including the lung. The combination of optical windows with specific molecular probes targeting the tumour microenvironment will provide new insights into prometastatic stromal interactions and lead to novel the...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kitamura T,Pollard JW,Vendrell M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Room temperature ionic liquids are non-volatile, thermally stable and highly polar; they are also moderately hydrophilic solvents. Here, we discuss their use as reaction media for biocatalysis. Enzymes of widely diverging types are catalytically active in ionic liquids or aqueous biphasic ionic liquid systems. Lipases...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： van Rantwijk F,Madeira Lau R,Sheldon RA

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychrophilic anaerobic treatment is an attractive option for wastewaters that are discharged at moderate to low temperature. The expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor has been shown to be a feasible system for anaerobic treatment of mainly soluble and pre-acidified wastewater at temperatures of 5--10 degrees C....

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Lettinga G,Rebac S,Zeeman G

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfluidic devices offer automation and high-throughput screening, and operate at low volumes of consumables. Although microfluidics has the potential to reduce turnaround times and costs for analytical devices, particularly in medical, veterinary, and environmental sciences, this enabling technology has had limited...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Volpatti LR,Yetisen AK

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00