Abstract：
:Psychrophilic anaerobic treatment is an attractive option for wastewaters that are discharged at moderate to low temperature. The expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor has been shown to be a feasible system for anaerobic treatment of mainly soluble and pre-acidified wastewater at temperatures of 5--10 degrees C. An organic loading rate (OLR) of 10--12 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) per cubic meter reactor per day can be achieved at 10--12 degrees C with a removal efficiency of 90%. Further improvement might be obtained by a two-module system in series. Stabile methanogenesis was observed at temperatures as low as 4--5 degrees C. The specific activity of the mesophilic granular sludge was improved under psychrophilic conditions, which indicates that there was growth and enrichment of methanogens and acetogens in the anaerobic system. Anaerobic sewage treatment is a real challenge in moderate climates because sewage belongs to the 'complex' wastewater category and contains a high fraction of particulate COD. A two-step system consisting of either an anaerobic up-flow sludge bed (UASB) reactor combined with an EGSB reactor or an anaerobic filter (AF) combined with an anaerobic hybrid reactor (AH) is successful for anaerobic treatment of sewage at 13 degrees C with a total COD removal efficiency of 50% and 70%, respectively.
journal_name
Trends Biotechnoljournal_title
Trends in biotechnologyauthors
Lettinga G,Rebac S,Zeeman Gdoi
10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01701-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
363-70issue
9eissn
0167-7799issn
1879-3096pii
S0167-7799(01)01701-2journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Infrared spectroscopy and microscopy have heralded a period of rapid advances in tissue and cellular characterization during the past decade. However, vibrational spectroscopy is still an analytical tool that is neither familiar nor understood in the medical environment. For many years this field has been mainly drive...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.11.002
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The unicellular alga Dunaliella salina is the most interesting cell factory for the commercial production of beta-carotene because this species accumulates carotenoids to high concentrations. Nevertheless, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of carotenoid accumulation. Here, we review the regulatory mechan...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microalgal production technologies are seen as increasingly attractive for bioenergy production to improve fuel security and reduce CO(2) emissions. Photosynthetically derived fuels are a renewable, potentially carbon-neutral and scalable alternative reserve. Microalgae have particular promise because they can be prod...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.11.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endothelium lining blood vessels expresses molecules that are restricted in their expression to a particular tissue or organ. These molecules are attractive targets for therapy and diagnosis because they allow agents to be delivered specifically to the blood vessels supplying the desired tissue. However, it is dif...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00079-9
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibodies are able to both bind antigens and trigger the responses that eliminate them from circulation. All antibodies are glycosylated at conserved positions in their constant regions, and the presence of carbohydrate can be critical for antigen clearance functions such as complement activation. The structure of th...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(96)10062-7
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent publication has reported the fabrication of a new microbial culture device containing an array of unprecedented density - a million growth chambers. This micro-Petri chip should impact on various fields, including biotechnology, ecology, food microbiology and drug development, by enabling high-throughput scre...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.03.007
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are novel DNA mimics in which the sugar-phosphate backbone has been replaced with a backbone based on amino acids. PNAs exhibit sequence-specific binding to DNA and RNA with higher affinities and specificities than unmodified DNA. They are resistant to nuclease and protease attack in serum...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(93)90097-S
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanotechnology is currently driving the dental materials industry to substantial growth, thus reflecting on improvements in materials available for oral prevention and treatment. The present review discusses new developments in nanotechnology applied to dentistry, focusing on the use of nanomaterials for improving the...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.09.005
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dual-use research, which results in knowledge that can be used for both good and ill, has become increasingly accessible in the internet age to both scientists and the general public. Here, we outline some major milestones for dual-use policy and present three vignettes that highlight contemporary dual-use issues in b...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.07.016
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hand-held gene gun provides a rapid and efficient method of incorporating fluorescent dyes into cells, a technique that is becoming known as diolistics. Transporting fluorescent dyes into cells has, in the past, used predominantly injection or chemical methods. The use of the gene gun, combined with the new genera...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.014
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial genomics has provided a plethora of potential targets for antibacterial drug discovery, however, success in the hunt for new antibiotics will hinge on selecting targets with the highest potential. A recent paper by Liu and coworkers describes a new approach to target selection that uncovers strategies used b...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.07.004
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the ultimate aim to construct a living cell, bottom-up synthetic biology strives to reconstitute cellular phenomena in vitro - disentangled from the complex environment of a cell. Recent work towards this ambitious goal has provided new insights into the mechanisms governing life. With the fast-growing library of...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.03.008
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genomic research is expected to generate new types of complex observational data, changing the types of experiments as well as our understanding of biological processes. The investigation and definition of relationships among proteins is essential for understanding the function of each gene and the mechanisms of biolo...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00116-1
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells that most frequently occurs in genetically predisposed children. Recent observations illustrating the regenerative capability of the endocrine pancreas in addition to advances in stem cell and gene ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.08.007
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vibrational spectroscopy using both infrared and Raman spectroscopies has been used in recent years with the aim to aid clinicians in disease diagnosis. More recently, these techniques have been applied to study stem cell differentiation and to determine stem cell presence in tissues. These studies have demonstrated t...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.03.002
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The need for companion diagnostics, point-of-care testing (POCT) and high-throughput screening in clinical diagnostics and personalized medicine has pushed the need for more biological information from a single sample at extremely low concentrations and volumes. Optical biosensors based on semiconductor quantum dots (...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.04.005
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Geological storage of CO2 is a fast-developing technology that can mitigate rising carbon emissions. However, there are environmental concerns with the long-term storage and implications of a leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) site. Traditional monitoring lacks clear protocols and relies heavily on physical meth...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.06.011
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acidity is a biomarker of cancer that is not subject to the blunting clonal selection effects that reduce the efficacy of other biomarker technologies, such as antibody targeting. The pH (low) insertion peptides (pHLIP®s) provide new opportunities for targeting acidic tissues. Through the physical mechanism of membran...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.03.014
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predicting the future use of biocatalysts for the transformation of organic compounds--both natural substrates and other compounds--needs to take many factors into account. To date, relatively few biotransformations have been developed to the industrial scale, primarily because there has been little economic incentive...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(93)90079-O
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The demands on drug discovery organizations have increased dramatically in recent years, partly because of the need to identify novel targets that are both relevant to disease and chemically tractable. This is leading to an industrial approach to traditional biology and chemistry, inspired in part by the revolution in...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01696-1
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bioelectrochemical power-to-gas (BEP2G) is considered a potentially convenient way of storing renewable surplus electricity in the form of methane. In methane-producing bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), carbon dioxide and electrical energy are converted into methane, using electrodes that supply either electrons or h...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.08.010
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carotenoids are one of the most diverse classes of natural compounds. Plant carotenoids are composed of a C40 isoprenoid skeleton with or without epoxy, hydroxy and keto groups. They have fundamental roles in human nutrition as antioxidants and vitamin A precursors and their consumption is increasingly associated with...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.12.003
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We discuss the general properties of optical imaging in three-dimensional object domains from an information-theoretic standpoint, expressing system performance in terms of imaging mutual information (IMI). We use IMI to characterize volume holographic imaging, a new optical imaging method with depth discrimination ca...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01743-7
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular imaging permits non-invasive visualization and measurement of molecular and cell biology in living subjects, thereby complementing conventional anatomical imaging. Herein, we review the emerging application of molecular imaging for the study of musculoskeletal biology. Utilizing mainly bioluminescence and fl...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.11.004
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular systems in which fluorescence switches between 'on' and 'off' states when driven by chemical stimuli can be designed according to a few principles. The photochemical mechanisms examined are photoinduced electron transfer, internal charge transfer and excimer formation, with emphasis on the first category. Th...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(00)01513-4
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of antibodies or antibody fragments for targeting tumors (either for tumor imaging or as carriers for drugs or toxins), has encountered problems of clearance, and non-specific or inefficient binding in clinical trials. A novel approach, linking two antibody variable fragments (Fvs), with a short peptide to gen...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(91)90044-i
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in the extraction and purification of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) obtained from healthy or malignant tissues open new avenues for engineering physiomimetic 3D in vitro tumor models, which closely recapitulate key biomolecular hallmarks and the dynamic cancer cell-ECM interactions in the ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.04.006
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic diseases, particularly malignancies and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), are a challenging frontier for clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as for biomedical research. Current treatment regimens are frequently insufficient and thus new treatment strategies are needed. Novel therapies for di...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.04.001
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low production cost is a key factor driving the development of plants and plant tissue cultures for the synthesis of therapeutic and other foreign proteins. Because product yield and concentration exert a major influence on process economics, improving foreign protein accumulation is crucial for enhancing the commerci...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.06.012
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Discussions on research quality and reproducibility are appearing in the pages of scientific journals with heightened significance and gaining media attention. Many institutions have developed guidelines to address the topic of quality in basic research, but questions remain about how best to implement and monitor com...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.06.007
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
