Abstract：
:Successful encapsidation of hepadnaviral pregenomic RNA requires the orchestrated interaction of the viral capsid and polymerase proteins with each other and with the RNA packaging substrate. The early steps of this process involve binding of the polymerase to the encapsidation signal, epsilon, and are already understood in some detail. However, the underlying macromolecular interactions resulting in the subsequent encapsidation of this polymerase-epsilon complex by capsid proteins are less clearly defined. To approach this issue we have examined the ability of two different hepadnaviruses to encapsidate each other's pregenomic RNA. H. Okamoto et al. ((1990) J. Gen. Virol. 71, 959-963) have previously demonstrated that WHV polymerase could encapsidate an HBV pregenome, but the origin of the capsid proteins (i.e., HBV- or WHV-derived) required for this reaction was not clear; some evidence suggested that heterologous capsid and polymerase proteins might not be capable of interaction. To clarify this, we analyzed encapsidated RNA isolated from cytoplasmic cores produced following transient transfection of HepG2 cells with different combinations of plasmids encoding HBV or WHV core and polymerase genes. We found that (i) the essential encapsidation signal of WHV is comprised of a short region including epsilon, as in HBV; (ii) HBV and WHV polymerases are each competent to recognize both HBV and WHV packaging signals; therefore the encapsidation signals are functionally interchangeable; and (iii) HBV capsids encapsidate a WHV polymerase-epsilon complex, and vice versa, although the efficiency of heterologous packaging is slightly lower than that of homologous encapsidation. Our results underscore the close relationship of these two mammalian hepadnaviruses.
journal_name
Virologyjournal_title
Virologyauthors
Ziermann R,Ganem Ddoi
10.1006/viro.1996.0260subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-15 00:00:00pages
350-6issue
2eissn
0042-6822issn
1096-0341pii
S0042-6822(96)90260-3journal_volume
219pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VIROLOGY文献大全abstract：:Adeno-associated virus (AAV-2) replicates to high titers when host cells are coinfected with a helper virus. Here we analyzed the coinfection of AAV-2 and mouse adenovirus (MAV-1) in murine fibroblasts. We observed that AAV-2/MAV-1 coinfected NIH 3T3 cells produced approximately 10-40-fold less AAV-2 DNAse resistant p...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2009.04.020
更新日期：2009-07-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The immortalizing function of the human adenovirus 5 E1A oncoprotein requires efficient localization to the nucleus. In 1987, a consensus monopartite nuclear localization sequence (NLS) was identified at the C-terminus of E1A. Since that time, various experiments have suggested that other regions of E1A influence nucl...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.014
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five regions on the coat protein of BNYVV which had been shown previously to be involved in the formation of continuous epitopes were further analyzed by means of synthetic overlapping peptides. It was found that at least some of these regions may encompass several overlapping epitopes (or parts thereof). Four monoclo...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1994.1031
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase domain of the vaccinia virus mRNA capping enzyme is a heterodimer composed of a catalytic subunit D1(498-844) bound to a stimulatory subunit D12. To identify structural elements of the 287-amino-acid D12 subunit that participate in binding and activation of the catalytic subunit, we ...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.2001.1006
更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The 3' end of hepatitis E virus (HEV) contains cis-acting regulatory element, which plays an important role in viral replication. To develop specific replication inhibitor at the molecular level, mono- and di-hammerhead ribozymes (Rz) were designed and synthesized against the conserved 3' end sequences of HEV, which c...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6822(03)00259-9
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proviruses were cloned directly from a cat that developed neurological disorders approximately 28 months after inoculation with a molecularly cloned, minimally pathogenic subgroup A feline leukemia virus (FeLV-A). In addition to FeLV-A proviruses that were nearly identical to the inoculated virus, we detected a subgro...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1994.1597
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple RNA species (ASV(1-5)) ranging in size from about 61,000 to 185,000 daltons have been detected in association with sunblotch disease of avocado. The predominant species, ASV(5), with a molecular weight of 61,000 accumulates to concentration approaching 5 S RNA. All RNA species are detected in extracts from sy...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(80)90370-0
更新日期：1980-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The biological significance of protective CD8 T-cell-mediated responses against non-traditional alternative reading frame epitopes remains relatively unknown. Cytolytic CD8 T cells (CTL) specific for a non-traditional cryptic MHC class I epitope, SYNTGRFPPL, are critically involved in the protection of mice during inf...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2009.05.003
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic peptide-like 3 (APOBEC3; A3) family of proteins (A3A-H) are known to restrict various retroviruses and retroelements, but the full complement of rhesus macaque A3 proteins remains unclear. We report the isolation and characterization of the hA3A homologue from r...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2011.07.017
更新日期：2011-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently described the cloning of a portion of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) and confirmed its etiologic association with enterically transmitted (waterborne, epidemic) non-A, non-B hepatitis. The virus consists of a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 7.5 kb, with a polyadenylated 3' end...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(91)90760-9
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Broad bean mottle bromovirus (BBMV) was shown to accumulate RNA2-derived defective interfering (DI) RNAs [Romero et al., Virology 194, 576-584 (1993); Pogany et al., Virology 212, 574-586 (1995)]. In this work, we utilize three sets of BBMV RNA2-derived artificial DI RNA constructs to determine factors that affect the...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1996.8377
更新日期：1997-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein B (gB) is one of 10 glycoproteins in the virion envelope and in the membranes of infected cells. It is required for infection of cells in culture and functions in penetration of the cell by fusing the virion envelope with the plasma membrane. In studies to map the functional domains...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(92)90064-v
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpes simplex viruses encode several glycoproteins dispensable for infection and replication in cell culture. Evidence is presented that there exist at least two pathways for viral attachment to cells, i.e., one mediated by the dispensable glycoprotein C (gC) and one independent of that glycoprotein. Thus, whereas th...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(90)90396-9
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The promotion of membrane fusion by the paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins requires that they be derived from homologous viruses, suggesting the possibility that the promotion of fusion requires a virus-specific communication between the two glycoprotein spikes. We have evaluated th...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1995.1278
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coat protein-protected fragments of alfalfa mosaic virus RNA (AlMV-RNA) and tobacco streak virus RNA (TSV-RNA), which were isolated as described [D. Zuidema, M. F. A. Bierhuizen, B. J. C. Cornelissen, J. F. Bol, and E. M. J. Jaspars (1983)Virology, 125, 361-369], were tested for their ability to rebind AlMV coat prote...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(84)90165-x
更新日期：1984-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfatide (3'sulfogalactosylceramide) is the natural sulfated derivative of galactosylceramide (GalCer), a glycosphingolipid receptor allowing HIV-1 infection of CD4-negative cells from neural and intestinal tissues. The incorporation of exogenous sulfatide into the plasma membrane of HT-29 (a CD4-/GalCer+/CXCR4+ huma...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1998.9216
更新日期：1998-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 7 ligands CCL21 and CCL19 were recently described as essential elements for establishing the microenvironment needed to initiate optimal immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissues. In the present study we have kinetically investigated the primary responses of naive DO11.10 TCR-trans...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6822(03)00199-5
更新日期：2003-07-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus origin-dependent DNA replication requires the core replication proteins plus K-Rta and K-bZIP. To determine which K-bZIP protein domains contribute to oriLyt-dependent DNA replication and facilitate suppression of K-Rta-mediated transcriptional activation, we generated a series ...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2007.08.019
更新日期：2007-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary cell types that sustain polyomavirus (Py) replication following intranasal infection as well as the nature of the host cellular response to Py were unknown. As this is an essential and specific site for virus entry, it seems likely that viral gene function must be adapted to these mucosal tissues. Using im...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1999.0030
更新日期：2000-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous studies have demonstrated that virus-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of sensitized leukocytes can be induced using clonal ginbuna crucian carp and their syngeneic cell lines. In the present study, we attempt to determine if virus-specific cytotoxic cell populations of fish express CD8alpha and TCRbeta...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2006.01.019
更新日期：2006-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Murine monoclonal antibodies were developed against the protein products produced by murine C127 cells which had been transfected with a recombinant plasmid clone containing the human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA coding regions for part of env, px, and the 3' LTR. Four antibodies w...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(86)90270-9
更新日期：1986-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The HIV-1 Tat protein is released by infected cells and has numerous biological activities which might contribute either to the impairment of the immune response or to viral dissemination and pathogenesis. To date, the effects of Tat protein on metabolites remain unclear. In this study, a metabolomic study on serum of...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2011.11.005
更新日期：2012-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The formation of a lipoprotein membrane within specialized areas of the cytoplasm is the first visible step in poxvirus morphogenesis. The A17L viral protein, an essential nonglycosylated membrane component, was predicted to have four centrally located alpha-helical membrane-spanning domains. The gene was expressed as...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1999.9870
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our recent results demonstrated that bile acids facilitate virus escape from the endosomes into the cytoplasm for successful replication of porcine enteric calicivirus (PEC). We report a novel finding that bile acids can be substituted by cold treatment for endosomal escape and virus replication. This endosomal escape...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2015.04.022
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genomic and messenger RNAs of a Zaire strain of Ebola virus were cloned, and inserts specific for the nucleoprotein gene were isolated and sequenced. The nucleoprotein gene is located proximal to the 3' end of the genome and is preceeded by a putative leader sequence. The gene begins with the transcriptional start sit...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(89)90354-1
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we analyzed the replication and budding sites of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) at early time points of infection. We detected cytoplasmic accumulations containing the viral nucleocapsid protein, viral RNA and the non-structural protein nsp3. Using EM techniques, we found that ...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2006.11.027
更新日期：2007-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In reporter-based transient expression systems, we characterized simian immunodeficiency virus from a chimpanzee (SIVCPZ), with special reference to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). SIVCPZ was not equally activated by tat and rev transactivators derived from representative primate lentiviruses. HIV-1 a...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(92)90715-2
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The second smallest subgenomic messenger RNA, mRNA5, of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus includes in its "5' unique region" two separate open reading frames (5a and 5b), whose coding function has not so far been established, and thus it may represent a dicistronic messenger RNA. We report here that two poly...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6822(92)90094-6
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influenza RNA polymerase is known to be important in pathogenicity and adaptation of avian influenza viruses to mammalian hosts. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible are only partly understood. Here we investigated the role of the polymerase in two different, closely related, H5N1 influenza viruses - a hi...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.virol.2010.01.036
更新日期：2010-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Guinea-Bissau in West Africa has the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2 infection in the world, but recently the HIV-1 prevalence increased rapidly with the subsequent appearance of HIV-1 and HIV-2 dual infections. Information about the genetic subtypes of HIV in the region is limited. Therefor...
journal_title：Virology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/viro.1999.9867
更新日期：1999-09-30 00:00:00
