Abstract:
:Our recent results demonstrated that bile acids facilitate virus escape from the endosomes into the cytoplasm for successful replication of porcine enteric calicivirus (PEC). We report a novel finding that bile acids can be substituted by cold treatment for endosomal escape and virus replication. This endosomal escape by cold treatment or bile acids is associated with ceramide formation by acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). ASM catalyzes hydrolysis of sphingomyelin into ceramide, which is known to destabilize lipid bilayer. Treatment of LLC-PK cells with bile acids or cold led to ceramide formation, and small molecule antagonists or siRNA of ASM blocked ceramide formation in the endosomes and significantly reduced PEC replication. Inhibition of ASM resulted in the retention of PEC, feline calicivirus or murine norovirus in the endosomes in correlation with reduced viral replication. These results suggest the importance of viral escape from the endosomes for the replication of various caliciviruses.
journal_name
Virologyjournal_title
Virologyauthors
Shivanna V,Kim Y,Chang KOdoi
10.1016/j.virol.2015.04.022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-01 00:00:00pages
218-28eissn
0042-6822issn
1096-0341pii
S0042-6822(15)00233-0journal_volume
483pub_type
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