Abstract:
:11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) catalyzes the interconversion of cortisol (F) to inactive cortisone (E) in man (corticosterone (B) to 11-dehydrocorticosterone (A) in rodents) and plays a crucial role in regulating corticosteroid hormone action. Two isoforms of this enzyme have been characterized; a low affinity NADP(H)-dependent enzyme (11 beta-HSD1) and a high affinity NAD-dependent dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD2). We have analysed the expression of 11 beta-HSD in the rodent and human adrenal gland and have investigated its role with respect to glucocorticoid-mediated catecholamine biosynthesis. Our studies indicated higher expression of 11 beta-HSD2 mRNA in male versus female intact mouse adrenal. Both 11 beta-HSD isoforms were detected in intact male rat adrenal homogenates. For the 11 beta-HSD1 isoform, NADPH-dependent oxo-reductase activity exceeded that of NADP-dependent dehydrogenase activity (188 versus 98 pmol/mg.protein.hr). In situ hybridisation studies indicated specific localisation of 11 beta-HSD1 mRNA to cells at the corticomedullary junction. 11 beta-HSD2 mRNA was uniformly distributed across the cortex and was low/absent in the medulla. Administration of glycyrrhizic acid in vivo (> 100 mg/kg for 4 days) resulted in inhibition of 11 beta-HSD1 mRNA and activity and a decrease in mRNA levels for the glucocorticoid-dependent enzyme, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, whilst levels of the glucocorticoid-independent enzyme, tyrosine hydroxylase were unchanged. No 11 beta-HSD expression was observed in the rat phaeochromocytoma cell line, PC12 cells, nor in human normal adrenal gland or phaeochromocytoma specimens. There are marked species and sex differences in the expression of 11 beta-HSD isoforms within the adrenal. The role of 11 beta-HSD within the adrenal gland remains obscure, but at least in the rat, the expression of the reductase enzyme, 11 beta-HSD1, to the corticomedullary junction may serve to maintain high medullary glucocorticoid concentrations required for catecholamine biosynthesis.
journal_name
Endocr Resjournal_title
Endocrine researchauthors
Shimojo M,Condon J,Whorwood CB,Stewart PMdoi
10.1080/07435809609043775subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
771-80issue
4eissn
0743-5800issn
1532-4206journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) deficiency is HLA-linked. The haplotype HLA-(A3);Bw47;DR7 is strongly associated with 21-OH deficiency and always carries a null allele at the complement C4A (Rodgers) locus. It seemed likely that this haplotype carries a deletion encompassing both the C4A a...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435808409036505
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate, retrospectively, the frequency of antithyroid antibodies (ATA) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab), antithyroglobulin antibodies (TG-Ab), and antithyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TSHR-Ab) were determined by enzyme-linked...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435800.2011.639318
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.3109/07435800009066164
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435809109027197
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islets derived from patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy, PHHI, show a significant capacity to proliferate in vitro without the addition of growth factors. However, as with other differentiated cells, PHHI-derived islet cells show a loss of differentiated function with repeated subculture....
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435800500229235
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms by which SF-1 (Steroidogenic Factor-1) and Dax-1 (Dosage-sensitive sex reversal-Adrenal hypoplasia congenita critical region on the X chromosome) dictate adrenal-specific transcriptional programs are the focus of this laboratory. SF-1-mediated transcription is upregulated by phosphorylation of serine 20...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435800009048628
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 30-residue peptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence of steroidogenesis activator peptide (SAP) from rat Leydig tumor cells has been synthesized by the solid-phase method using Boc protection. SAP is the putative cycloheximide-sensitive, cAMP-regulated mediator of ACTH-stimulated conversion of cholesterol to ...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435809109027204
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The diagnosis and management of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are challenging in rural and underdeveloped areas of China because medical resources are inaccessible; thus, a simple and accurate method is essential for the detection of vertebral fractures. We aimed to examine the relationship between...
journal_title:Endocrine research
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doi:10.1080/07435800.2020.1827263
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparison of binding of 125I-porcine FSH to porcine granulosa cells from small and large ovarian follicles indicated that binding is dependent on both time and temperature. At 37 C, binding of ligand is more than four times higher in cells from small follicles than in cells from large follicles within 30 minutes of t...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435809409035857
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sexual dimorphism of life span and caloric restriction effects in numerous species suggest that estradiol (E2) is protective against oxidative damage. The only direct test of E2's protective effect in mice against in vivo oxidative stress to date may have been confounded by E2's direct chemical action as an antiox...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435800902913600
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that HT may be characterized by an imbalance in the helper T cell subsets Th1 and Th2. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) considers HT as a chronic exhaustion disease, leading to deficiency of qi. I...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435800.2015.1066800
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cdc2 kinase family is known to be one of the important factors for cell proliferation in both yeast and mammalian cells. By using polyclonal antibodies against PSTAIRE region of cdc2HS, we studied the amount of cdc2-related kinases in the rat thyroid cell line, FRTL-5, during the cell cycle. The immunoreactive pro...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435809409030404
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) and its nanoparticulate formulation (Nanotetrac) act at a cell surface receptor to block angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. OBJECTIVE:The complex anti-angiogenic properties of tetrac and Nanotetrac caused us to search in the literature and in certain of our unpubli...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/07435800.2013.778865
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The secretory activity of the adrenal gland is mainly regulated by peptidergic hormones (ACTH, angiotensin II) and ions. However, there is now increasing evidence that local factors, including neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, can also participate in the control of adrenocortical cells. In particular, serotonin (5-...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435809809032670
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether ethanol's (ETOH's) known suppressive effect on serum luteinizing hormone (LH) could be mediated directly at the anterior pituitary level was addressed by examining the effects of ETOH in vitro on release of LH from cultured male rat pituitary cells. The impact of added ethanol concentrations ra...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435808909042748
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to regulating renal sodium resorption and, thus, intravascular volume, aldosterone may have direct effects on the cardiovascular system. We previously identified a polymorphism (-344C/T) in the promoter of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene that affects binding of the SF-1 transcription factor and thu...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435809809032690
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role in metabolic and inflammatory processes. Increasing evidence suggests that there is a link between MIF and ovulation. We aimed to evaluate plasma MIF levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to determin...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435800.2015.1135442
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrovascular accidents are one of the life-threatening complications of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children and adolescents. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of DKA and its treatment on factors known to affect thrombotic activity (protein C; protein S; von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen; homocysteine; an...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/erc-120018678
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) has been demonstrated to be associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The proposed atherogenic properties of hypoadiponectinemia might be mediated through increased sd-LDL. In this study, the associations of sd-LDL with cardiovascular and other complications ...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.3109/07435800.2015.1066803
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435809909066140
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative study (n = 20) of serum levels of leutinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) between male trained athletes (high-school students, 16-18 years old) living in North and South Shouna in the Jordan Valley (JV), 320-360 meters below sea level, and those living in Ramtha and Irbid, 550-650 meters above sea ...
journal_title:Endocrine research
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更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is controversy concerning the effects of progestins on bone. Norethindrone acetate (NETA) is synthetic progesterone that also has estrogenic and androgenic effects. We tested its effects on hormone levels, lipids and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women who were on estrogen replacement th...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/erc-100107870
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Increasing evidence exists that hyperprolactinemia alters metabolic profile. The mechanism of this effect is unknown. We aimed to investigate the differences between the metabolic profile of patients with prolactinomas and nonfunctional pituitary adenomas and to evaluate the impact of other pituitary hormones o...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435800.2015.1135444
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pioglitazone on serum uric acid (UA) levels and several diabetic parameters in drug-naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS:The patients (n = 68) received 7.5-30 mg/day pioglitazone monotherapy. They were divided into t...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435800.2012.745128
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CYP17 is not expressed in adult mouse adrenal glands but is expressed in a subset of fetal adrenocortical cells, indicating the potential to produce both corticosterone and cortisol during murine embryogenesis. CYP11A is expressed in the fetal adrenal but also in developing hindgut, which will form the colon, and in c...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/07435809509030425
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of crowding on the pituitary-gonadal axis was studied in adult male rats. Crowding reduced body weight gain, did not alter relative adrenal weight and increased relative testis weight. Neither basal levels of corticosterone nor its response to acute stress were altered by crowding. Likewise, LH secretion wa...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435808609035431
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435800500371748
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose/aim of the study: Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is closely related to the thyroid autoimmune disorder Graves' disease. Previous studies have suggested roles for thyroidal CD8+ T cells and autoimmunity against calsequestrin-1 (CASQ)-1 in the link between thyroidal and orbital autoimmune reactions in GO. A role fo...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435800.2018.1470639
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has been associated with increased incidence of morbidity and mortality of the cardiovascular system. The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this association are still not completely clear. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like motifs (ADAMTS) play a cri...
journal_title:Endocrine research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/07435800.2017.1368543
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00