Abstract:
:Acute alcohol intoxication disrupts memory acquisition in humans and laboratory animals. This review summarizes recent behavioral and immediate early gene expression studies addressing the mechanisms of this phenomenon. Most behavioral investigations agree that the amnestic effect of alcohol is due to its preferential detrimental effect on hippocampus-dependent than on hippocampus-independent forms of learning. However, some hippocampal lesion studies contradict these results. Learning in behavioral paradigms is accompanied by induction of c-fos and other immediate early genes in many brain regions of the animal. In contrast, studies on alcohol-mediated changes in expression of this gene confirm selective hippocampal suppression of basal and experience-induced expression of c-fos after acute and repeated administration of alcohol. This hippocampal suppression is in marked contrast with alcohol-mediated induction of c-fos expression in other brain areas. However, the selective suppression of hippocampal gene expression and memory by alcohol is most likely mediated by a number of interacting neurotransmitter systems. Thus, effects of lower doses of alcohol (0.5 g/kg or lower in rats) seem to be preferentially mediated through GABAergic systems. At intermediate doses (0.75-2 g/kg), several other neurotransmitter systems are affected besides GABA. Higher doses lead to none-specific effects, probably involving even more neurotransmitter systems. Elucidation of these neurotransmitter systems will be highly important for developing rational approaches for correction of alcohol-related cognitive disorders.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Ryabinin AEdoi
10.1007/s002130050687subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-09-01 00:00:00pages
34-43issue
1-2eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
139pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Effects of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride and the D1 antagonist SCH-23390 were examined, in rats, in two-bottle preference tests (sucrose versus water) and in single-bottle tests, at different sucrose concentrations. Both drugs decreased sucrose intake in single bottle tests, at low sucrose concentratio...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00634461
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Contemporary animal models of cocaine addiction focus on increasing the amount of drug consumption to produce addiction-like behavior. However, another critical factor is the temporal pattern of consumption, which in humans is characterized by intermittency, both within and between bouts of use. OBJECTIVE:To...
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02253601
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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更新日期:1979-06-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
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更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3417-x
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine has been reported to increase or decrease measures of activity in rats, including locomotor activity and rearing. Nicotine dose and repeated exposure to nicotine are known to be important factors in determining the effects on locomotor behavior. Less information has been gathered on rearing and other measures...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244758
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Smoking typically begins during adolescence and is largely reinforced by social cues. During adolescence in rats, sensitivity to both social cues and drugs of abuse is enhanced. OBJECTIVES:We have previously demonstrated in adolescent male rats that a low dose of cocaine interacts with social reward to produ...
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更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00