Abstract:
RATIONALE:Fluoxetine (Prozac®) is the most frequently prescribed drug to battle depression in pregnant women, but its safety in the unborn child has not yet been established. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, crosses the placenta, leading to increased extracellular serotonin levels and potentially neurodevelopmental changes in the fetus. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to elucidate the long-term consequences of prenatal fluoxetine in rats. METHODS:Pregnant rats were injected daily with 12 mg/kg fluoxetine or vehicle from gestational day 11 until birth, and the behavior of the offspring was monitored. RESULTS:Plasma fluoxetine transfer from mother to pup was 83%, and high levels of fluoxetine (13.0 μg/g) were detected in the pup brain 5 h after the last injection. Fluoxetine-treated dams gave birth to litters 15% smaller than usual and to pups of reduced weight (until postnatal day 7). Furthermore, prenatal fluoxetine exposure significantly increased anxiety in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, the footshock-induced conditioned place aversion test, and the elevated plus maze test (following footshock pre-exposure) during adulthood, and also significantly decreased components of social play behavior at 4 weeks of age, and a strong tendency for increased self-grooming and making less contact in adults. Behavioral despair, anhedonia, and sexual behavior were not different between treatment groups. Finally, the hypothermic response to the 5-HT(1A) agonist flesinoxan was observed at a lower dose in prenatally fluoxetine-exposed rats than in controls. CONCLUSIONS:Prenatal fluoxetine exposure in rats leads to detrimental behavioral outcomes in later life, which may partly be due to altered 5-HT(1A) receptor signaling.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Olivier JD,Vallès A,van Heesch F,Afrasiab-Middelman A,Roelofs JJ,Jonkers M,Peeters EJ,Korte-Bouws GA,Dederen JP,Kiliaan AJ,Martens GJ,Schubert D,Homberg JRdoi
10.1007/s00213-011-2299-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
419-32issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
217pub_type
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