Abstract:
:The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors, which plays crucial role in bile acid, cholesterol, lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as in the development of atherosclerosis, intestinal bacterial growth and liver regeneration. FXR is also involved in the pathogenesis of cholestatic diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Recent evidence further suggests a key role for FXR in apoptosis and cancer. Notably, FXR deficiency promoted intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis, suggesting that FXR activation might be a promising strategy in the treatment of colon cancer. FXR deficiency in mice led to the development of spontaneous hepatocarcinomas, while FXR inhibition might represent a novel therapeutic approach in Barett's esophagus. In breast cancer cell lines, FXR agonists down-regulated the breast cancer target gene aromatase. FXR inhibited Leydig tumor growth and progression, supporting evidence that FXR may be an important regulator of androgen homoeostasis. Further studies are required in order to establish possible antitumor effects of this nuclear receptor. Either reactivating or inhibiting FXR expression may represent promising therapeutic strategies in the treatment of certain types of human cancer.
journal_name
Histol Histopatholjournal_title
Histology and histopathologyauthors
Koutsounas I,Giaginis C,Theocharis Sdoi
10.14670/HH-27.835subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-01 00:00:00pages
835-53issue
7eissn
0213-3911issn
1699-5848journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Unlike other B cells, plasma cells (PC) react with only a few antibodies against haemopoietic antigens. We investigated 36 specimens exhibiting a reactive increase in PC numbers (i.e. plasmacytosis, PC hyperplasia) with a broad panel of antibodies suitable for use on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue, and compa...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-14.805
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of peptidergic nerves in canine mammary tissues was studied by immunohistochemical techniques. In addition, the general and the noradrenergic innervations were demonstrated using protein gene product 9.5 and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivities as markers, respectively. Tissue specimens from the ca...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-22.1175
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunocytochemical demonstration of metallothionein (MT) has been reported as a useful prognostic tool in human breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical location of MT in canine mammary tumours and its possible correlation with the morphologic characteristics of these tumours. Surg...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-14.51
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND RESULTS:Embryos from diabetic mice exhibit several forms of neural tube defects, including non-closure of the neural tube. In the present study, embryos collected at embryonic day 11.5 from diabetic pregnancies displayed open neural tube with architectural disruption of the surrounding tissues. The perce...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-26.965
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a new technique, decalcification by perfusion, for the softening of bony tissue. The blood circulatory system was perfused in 16 rats via a cannula through the left heart ventricle with a fixative followed by New Decalc (an acidic demineralizer) for 30-240 minutes. Perfusion decalcification for 120 minutes...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::mTOR is a member of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway that participates in cell growth, proliferation, protein synthesis, transcription, angiogenesis, apoptosis and autophagy. mTOR and MAPK pahways are two important key signal pathways which are related to each other. We investigated the role of mTOR and other signa...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-258
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the different mechanisms of epithelial cell loss which occur in mammalian and avian small intestine have been re-investigated. Information is now available for a variety of mammalian types and mechanisms can be divided into two major classes: [i] those preserving epithelial integrity by maintaining in...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-14.257
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The histological and ultrastructural features, as well as the immunoreactivity of one case of uncommon primary papillary and psammomatous adenocarcinoma of the umbilicus are studied in the present work. The observations have been undertaken in a nine-year follow-up, and have included the primitive tumour, two local re...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Testis samples were taken from young (3 months), middle-aged (12 months) and aged (24 months) male rats, processed, stained and examined via a light microscope. There were no prominent abnormal germinal epithelium and interstitial tissue. However, the aging process promoted a significant decrease in the mean amount of...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural stem cells are defined as clonogenic cells with self-renewal capacity and the ability to generate all neural lineages (multipotentiality). Cells with these characteristics have been isolated from the embryonic and adult central nervous system. Under specific conditions, these cells can differentiate into neuron...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-19.1261
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to demonstrate the morphology and matrix synthesis of embryonic rat liver cells (day 18 of gestation) in organoid cultures (high density cultures) with electron microscopic and immunomorphological techniques. For this purpose the cells of embryonic rat livers were isolated enzymatically and g...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pax genes play a pivotal role in development of the vertebrate visual system. Pax6 is the master control gene for eye development: ectopic expression of Pax6 in Xenopus laevis and Drosphila melanogaster leads to the formation of differentiated eyes on the legs or wings. Pax6 is involved in formation of ganglion cells ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-16.239
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systematic studies on hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts have so far mainly focused on cells located in the perisinusoidal space of Disse, the so-called littoral compartment. Here, these cells play a key role for intralobular fibrogenesis and sinusoidal capillarization. However, advanced hepatic fibrosis and ci...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-14.719
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHPs) are the most common polypoid lesion of the stomach, and their malignant potential has been demonstrated. In the present study, we evaluated the mucin phenotypes of GHPs and investigated the relationships among mucin phenotypes and clinical-pathological factors, proliferative acti...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-29.343
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our study was to document whether relationships existed among bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), peripheral nerve and neoplastic lesions of nerve sheath tumors. The mRNA transcriptions of BMP-2, 3, 4 and 5 in 10 cases of schwannoma, three cases of malignant schwannoma and two cases of trigeminal neuralgia ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-16.1013
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and eleven pituitary glands of patients (93 males, 18 females; mean age 32 years, 5 months) who died of fully developed AIDS or ARC were examined under light microscopy with the aid of immunohistochemistry. On post mortem (p.m.) examination a wide series of multiorgan alterations was noticed. Microscopical...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A quantitative study regarding the age-related changes occurring in the somatic organelles of the neocerebellar Purkinje cell is carried out, using female rats aged 2 to 24 months. Standard manual morphometric techniques are used to calculate the following parameters: somatic volume, volumetric fractions and absolute ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) is considered to be one of the main biological behaviors of brain glioma. However, the histopathological features of PTBE remain imprecisely defined. We analyzed the histopathological characteristics in the PTBE area of 22 cases of glioma. Microscopically, the pre-existing basic structur...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-11-607
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The S100 gene family, which is composed of at least 24 members carrying the Ca2+ binding EF-hand motif, has been implicated in both intracellular and extracellular functions, including enzyme activities, immune responses, cytoskeleton dynamics, Ca2+ homeostasis, cell growth and cell differentiation. Altered S100 prote...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-22.1025
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid glands from 7 marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) of different age groups (newborn, 2 weeks, 2, 7, 8 and 11 months, and 8 years) were grown as organ culture according to Trowell at the medium/air interphase for 3 to 30 days. The morphology of thyroid tissue was well preserved until the end of the culture period. Ne...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used antisera to pure atrial natriuretic peptide to localise this peptide by immunocytochemistry in rat and human tissue. We showed that both rat and human atrial cardiocytes gave a positive reaction while ventricular cardiocytes were consistently negative. Peripheral islet cells in rat but not in human pancreas al...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex steroid hormones are involved in regulation of skin development and functions as well as in some skin pathological events. To determine the sites of action of estrogens, androgens and progestins, studies have been performed during the recent years to accurately localize receptors for each steroid hormone in human ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-19.629
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laminin (LAM) and fibronectin (FI) are regarded as major components of the glomerular extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to define the distribution of LAM and FI in primary glomerulonephritis (GN) and GN of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to correlate the type of glomerular disorders with possible ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) of the liver is a very rare example of an emerging family of hepatic PEC tumors. Only few cases have been described so far. We report the case of a large but benign hepatic PEComa in a 53-year-old man without signs of tuberous sclerosis. In contrast to recently desc...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-23.1185
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Terminal dendrites of cone horizontal cells (HCs) in teleost retinas show numerous spine-like protrusions named spinules, which are invaginated into the cone pedicles during light-adaptation, but retracted during dark-adaptation. Somata of HC show nematosomes whose size decreases as the number of spinules increases. M...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-17.721
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hindgut is the major site in the horse for nutrient digestion and absorption. Most of this activity occurs in the large intestinal compartments, i.e., cecum, right and left ventral colon and left and right dorsal colon. The colonic pelvic flexure is a short and narrow loop connecting the left ventral and left dors...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-15.983
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Expression of hypoxia-related tissue factors in 1p-aberrant oligodendroglial neoplasms diminishes patient outcome. Differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene 1 (DEC1) has been described as novel hypoxia-related tissue factor. In our study, we assessed the expression of DEC1 in 1p aberrant oligodendrogl...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-20.1173
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Versican, a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan accumulates in tumor stroma and plays a key role in both malignant transformation and tumor progression. Increased versican expression has been observed in a wide range of malignant tumors, and has been associated with both cancer relapse and poor patient outcomes in...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-28.701
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we review immunocytochemical localization studies using a monoclonal antibody raised against the 31 kD subunit of bovine H(+)-ATPase, and indirect immunofluorescent staining. In the proximal tubules there is intense H(+)-ATPase staining along the brush borders of S1 and S2, and linear subvillar invagin...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common head and neck malignancy, characterised by high invasive capacity, lymph node metastasis, and high recurrence rate. Among the morphological features of oral cancer, the tumour-associated tissue eosinophilia has gained growing interest in the last years. Eosinophils are a...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-250
更新日期:2020-09-28 00:00:00