Abstract：
:The molecular basis of CNS myelin regeneration (remyelination) is poorly understood. We generated a comprehensive transcriptional profile of the separate stages of spontaneous remyelination that follow focal demyelination in the rat CNS and found that transcripts that encode the retinoid acid receptor RXR-γ were differentially expressed during remyelination. Cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage expressed RXR-γ in rat tissues that were undergoing remyelination and in active and remyelinated multiple sclerosis lesions. Knockdown of RXR-γ by RNA interference or RXR-specific antagonists severely inhibited oligodendrocyte differentiation in culture. In mice that lacked RXR-γ, adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells efficiently repopulated lesions after demyelination, but showed delayed differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes. Administration of the RXR agonist 9-cis-retinoic acid to demyelinated cerebellar slice cultures and to aged rats after demyelination caused an increase in remyelinated axons. Our results indicate that RXR-γ is a positive regulator of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and remyelination and might be a pharmacological target for regenerative therapy in the CNS.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Huang JK,Jarjour AA,Nait Oumesmar B,Kerninon C,Williams A,Krezel W,Kagechika H,Bauer J,Zhao C,Baron-Van Evercooren A,Chambon P,Ffrench-Constant C,Franklin RJMdoi
10.1038/nn.2702subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
45-53issue
1eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Some neurons in auditory cortex respond to recent stimulus history by adapting their response functions to track stimulus statistics directly, as might be expected. In contrast, some neurons respond to loud sounds by adjusting their response functions away from high intensities and consequently remain sensitive to sof...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2201
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium arising through release from intracellular stores and from influx across the plasma membrane is essential for signalling by specific guidance cues and by factors that inhibit axon regeneration. The mediators of calcium influx in these cases are largely unknown. Transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) bel...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1459
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specification of area identities in the cerebral cortex is a complex process, primed by intrinsic cortical cues and refined after the arrival of afferent fibers from the thalamus. Little is known about the genetic control of the early steps of this process, but the distinctive expression pattern of the homeogene E...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/76630
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The most critical attribute of human language is its unbounded combinatorial nature: smaller elements can be combined into larger structures on the basis of a grammatical system, resulting in a hierarchy of linguistic units, such as words, phrases and sentences. Mentally parsing and representing such structures, howev...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4186
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modeling of human neuropsychiatric disorders in animals is extremely challenging given the subjective nature of many symptoms, the lack of biomarkers and objective diagnostic tests, and the early state of the relevant neurobiology and genetics. Nonetheless, progress in understanding pathophysiology and in treatment de...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.2647
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on two brain-damaged subjects who exhibit the uncommon pattern of loss of object color knowledge, but spared color perception and naming. The subject P.C.O., as in previously reported patients, is also impaired in processing other perceptual and functional properties of objects. I.O.C., in contrast, is the f...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/88497
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this Perspective, we expand the notion of temporal regulation of RNA in the brain and propose that the qualitative nature of RNA and its metabolism, together with RNA abundance, are essential for the molecular mechanisms underlying experience-dependent plasticity. We discuss emerging concepts in the newly burgeonin...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4378
更新日期：2016-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal development, plasticity and survival require activity-dependent synapse-to-nucleus signaling. Most studies implicate an activity-dependent regulation of gene expression in this phenomenon. However, little is known about other nuclear functions that are regulated by synaptic activity. Here we show that a newly...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1867
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural activity in visual area V4 is enhanced when attention is directed into neuronal receptive fields. However, the source of this enhancement is unclear, as most physiological studies have manipulated attention by changing the absolute reward associated with a particular location as well as its value relative to ot...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4141
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The healthy human brain is a mosaic of varied genomes. Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposition is known to create mosaicism by inserting L1 sequences into new locations of somatic cell genomes. Using a machine learning-based, single-cell sequencing approach, we discovered that somatic L1-associat...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4388
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyloid plaques are a hallmark of Alzheimer disease, but their importance in its pathogenesis is controversial. By neuronal labeling and transcranial two-photon imaging, we show in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease that dendrites passing through or near fibrillar amyloid deposits undergo spine loss and sha...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1335
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotransmitters are released continuously at ribbon synapses in the retina and cochlea. Notably, a single ribbon synapse of inner hair cells provides the entire input to each cochlear afferent fiber. We investigated hair cell transmitter release in the postnatal rat cochlea by recording excitatory postsynaptic curre...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn796
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocytosis of AMPA receptors is thought to be important in the expression of long-term depression (LTD) triggered by NMDA receptor activation. Although signaling pathways necessary for LTD induction have been identified, those responsible for the regulated internalization of AMPA receptors are unknown. Here we sh...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/81823
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that presynaptic-acting NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) are important for neocortical synaptic transmission and plasticity. We found that unique properties of the NR3A subunit enable preNMDARs to enhance spontaneous and evoked glutamate release and that NR3A is required for spike timing-dependent l...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2750
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The US government is re-examining how it funds science, but it remains to be seen whether the administration can overcome tradition and bureaucratic inertia and achieve a substantial renovation of the grants peer-review system. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1038/nn0208-119
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predatory hunting plays a fundamental role in animal survival. Little is known about the neural circuits that convert sensory cues into neural signals to drive this behavior. Here we identified an excitatory subcortical neural circuit from the superior colliculus to the zona incerta that triggers predatory hunting. Th...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41593-019-0405-4
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From insects to mammals, olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) expressing a common olfactory receptor target their axons to specific glomeruli with high precision. Here we show in Drosophila that the POU transcription factor Acj6 controls the axon targeting specificity of a subset of ORN classes, as defined by the olfacto...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1284
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active sensation requires the convergence of external stimuli with representations of body movements. We used mouse behavior, electrophysiology and optogenetics to dissect the temporal interactions among whisker movement, neural activity and sensation of touch. We photostimulated layer 4 activity in single barrels in ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3419
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantifying behavior is crucial for many applications in neuroscience. Videography provides easy methods for the observation and recording of animal behavior in diverse settings, yet extracting particular aspects of a behavior for further analysis can be highly time consuming. In motor control studies, humans or other...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41593-018-0209-y
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural-derived signals are crucial regulators of CNS vascularization. However, whether the vasculature responds to these signals by means of elongating and branching or in addition by building a feedback response to modulate neurodevelopmental processes remains unknown. In this study, we identified bidirectional cross...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41593-020-00788-z
更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the regulation of T-type channels by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK). Activation of ROCK via the endogenous ligand lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) reversibly inhibited the peak current amplitudes of rat Ca(v)3.1 and Ca(v)3.3 channels without affecting the voltage dependence of activation or inactivation, wher...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1921
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural basis of aggression is poorly understood. A study in this issue used genetic scalpels to dissect the circuitry of the fly brain and identified a small cluster of octopaminergic neurons that can make a fly fighting mad. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn0908-989
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been considered important for consolidation of memories, particularly of skills. Contrary to expectations, we found that REM sleep suppression by administration of selective serotonin or norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitors after training did not impair consolidation of skills or word...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/nn.2206
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fear renewal, a widely pursued model of post-traumatic stress disorder and phobias, refers to the context-specific relapse of conditioned fear after extinction. However, its molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. We found that renewal-inducing stimuli, generally believed to be insufficient to induce synaptic plasti...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3491
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are major epigenetic regulators. We show that HDAC1 and HDAC2 functions are critical for myelination of the peripheral nervous system. Using mouse genetics, we have ablated Hdac1 and Hdac2 specifically in Schwann cells, resulting in massive Schwann cell loss and virtual absence of myelin i...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2762
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Every year in the United States, an estimated 500,000 babies are born preterm (before 37 completed weeks of gestation), and this number is rising, along with the recognition of brain injuries due to preterm delivery. A common underlying pathogenesis appears to be perinatal hypoxia induced by immature lung development,...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.3604
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory pathways are typically studied by starting at receptor neurons and following postsynaptic neurons into the brain. However, this leads to a bias in analyses of activity toward the earliest layers of processing. Here, we present new methods for volumetric neural imaging with precise across-brain registration to ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41593-020-00743-y
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic cadherin adhesion complexes are known to be key regulators of synapse plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate activity-induced modifications in cadherin localization and adhesion and the subsequent changes in synapse morphology and efficacy remain unknown. We demonstrate that the intrace...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3657
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identity of specific cell types in the nervous system is defined by the expression of neuron type-specific gene batteries. How the expression of such batteries is initiated during nervous system development has been under intensive study over the past few decades. However, comparatively little is known about how g...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.3731
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood vessels in the nervous system have traditionally been considered neutral bystanders that only passively adapt their structure and function in response to the needs of neural cells. Emerging evidence suggests, however, that vessels and angiogenic molecules actively participate in the pathogenesis of neurological ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.2947
更新日期：2011-10-26 00:00:00
