Abstract:
:Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules that are abundant in bacterial genomes. Three types have been described so far, depending on the nature and mode of action of the antitoxin component. While type II systems are surprisingly highly represented because of their capacity to move by horizontal gene transfer, type I systems appear to have evolved by gene duplication and are more constrained. Type III is represented by a unique example located on a plasmid. Type II systems promote stability of mobile genetic elements and might act at the selfish level. Conflicting hypotheses about chromosomally encoded systems, from programmed cell death and starvation-induced stasis to protection against invading DNA and stabilization of large genomic fragments have been proposed.
journal_name
Curr Opin Microbioljournal_title
Current opinion in microbiologyauthors
Van Melderen Ldoi
10.1016/j.mib.2010.10.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-12-01 00:00:00pages
781-5issue
6eissn
1369-5274issn
1879-0364pii
S1369-5274(10)00167-0journal_volume
13pub_type
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