Silencing of foreign DNA in bacteria.

abstract：:The recently decoded genomes of the major clostridial toxin-producing pathogens Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium difficile have provided a huge amount of new sequence data. Recent studies have focused on the identification and investigation of pathogenic determinants a...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Brüggemann H

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The family Arenaviridae consists of a unique genus (Arenavirus) that currently comprises 22 viral species, as recognized by the International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses. Seven newly discovered represent putative new species. Here, our aims were to provide the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of members ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Charrel RN,de Lamballerie X,Emonet S

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antisense technology has been widely used to regulate gene expression. A tetracycline (tet)-regulated antisense-RNA-expressing system has been developed and used to downregulate chromosomally derived genes expressed in Staphylococcus aureus. This downregulation subsequently provides an evaluation of the virulence fact...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Yin D,Ji Y

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of genome information for microbial consortia, including unculturable species, from environmental samples has enabled systems-biology interrogation by providing a means to access genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic information. This provides a unique opportunity to characterize the molecular activi...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Hettich RL,Sharma R,Chourey K,Giannone RJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of what we know about cytokinesis in bacteria has come from studies with Escherichia coli, and efforts to comprehensively understand this fundamental process in this organism continue to intensify. Major recent advances include in vitro assembly of a membrane-tethered version of FtsZ into contractile rings in lip...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： de Boer PA

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biochemical, serological and microbiological methods have been used to dissect pathogens and identify the components useful for vaccine development. Although successful in many cases, this approach is time-consuming and fails when the pathogens cannot be cultivated in vitro, or when the most abundant antigens are vari...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Rappuoli R

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria furnish tractable models for complex biological processes, and morphogenesis is now taking its turn. We can already explain in general terms how such elementary forms as rods and cocci are produced, and the shapes of several individual organisms are coming into focus. In most bacteria shape is maintained by t...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Harold FM

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA sequencing has emerged as the premier approach to study bacterial transcriptomes. While the earliest published studies analyzed the data qualitatively, the data are readily digitized and lend themselves to quantitative analysis. High-resolution RNA sequence (RNA-seq) data allows transcriptional features (promoters...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Creecy JP,Conway T

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzymological and genetic aspects of microbial metabolism of hydrocarbons have been extensively revealed. Such molecular information is useful for understanding the bioremediation of oil spill environments and production of hydrocarbon-specific fine chemicals. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Ishige T,Tani A,Sakai Y,Kato N

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the widespread availability of genome sequences and the systematic assignment of individual open reading frames, many of the activities of metabolic enzymes are still veiled. It is difficult to assign biochemical functions to enzymes and uncover the in vivo regulation of their enzymatic activities, but this is...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Saito N,Ohashi Y,Soga T,Tomita M

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The quest for the discovery of novel natural products has entered a new chapter with the enormous wealth of genetic data that is now available. This information has been exploited by using whole-genome sequence mining to uncover cryptic pathways, or biosynthetic pathways for previously undetected metabolites. Alternat...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Van Lanen SG,Shen B

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The obligatory intracellular bacterial pathogens Anaplasma and Ehrlichia infect leukocytes by hijacking host-cell components and processes. The type IV secretion system is up-regulated during infection. Among type IV secretion candidate substrates, an ankyrin repeat protein of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, AnkA, is deliv...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Rikihisa Y,Lin M

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to a Pew Research study published in February 2015, there are 37 antibacterial programs currently in clinical trials in the United States. Protein structure-based methods for guiding small molecule design were used in at least 34 of these programs. Typically, this occurred at an early stage (drug discovery a...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Staker BL,Buchko GW,Myler PJ

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The environment is suffused with nearly countless types of fungi, and our immune systems must be tuned to cope with constant exposure to them. In addition, it is becoming increasingly clear that many surfaces of our bodies are colonized with complex populations of fungi (the mycobiome) in the same way that they are co...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Iliev ID,Underhill DM

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The therapeutic landscape for mycotic infections is shifting. New generation azoles that are active against clinically relevant, drug-resistant fungal pathogens have improved bioavailability, half-lives and safety profiles. Acylated cyclic peptide inhibitors of beta(1,3)glucan synthesis with origins as fungal metaboli...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Tkacz JS,DiDomenico B

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One defining feature of apicomplexan parasites is their special ability to actively invade host cells. Although rapid, invasion is a complicated process that requires coordinated activities of host cell attachment, protein secretion, and motility by the parasite. Central to this process is the establishment of a struc...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Shen B,Sibley LD

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial growth can be characterized by a limited set of macroscopic parameters such as growth rate, biomass yield and substrate affinity. Different culturing protocols for laboratory evolution have been developed to select mutant strains that have one specific macroscopic growth parameter improved. Some of those mut...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Bachmann H,Bruggeman FJ,Molenaar D,Branco Dos Santos F,Teusink B

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N(6)-methyl-adenines can serve as epigenetic signals for interactions between regulatory DNA sequences and regulatory proteins that control cellular functions, such as the initiation of chromosome replication or the expression of specific genes. Several of these genes encode master regulators of the bacterial cell cyc...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Collier J

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are nearly ubiquitous in microbial genomes and influence their evolution by providing adaptive functions to their host and by enhancing genome plasticity and diversification. For a long-time, it has been assumed that by integrating into the chromosome of their host, these se...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Burrus V

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness and the wasting disease, nagana, in cattle. The parasite is transmitted to the mammalian host by the bite of a tsetse fly. These parasites lack transcriptional regulation, and their gene expression is mainly regulated post-tr...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Michaeli S

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful execution of differentiation programs requires cells to assess multitudes of internal and external cues and respond with appropriate gene expression programs. Here, we review how Bacillus subtilis sporulation network deals with these tasks focusing on the lessons generalizable to other systems. With feedfor...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Narula J,Fujita M,Igoshin OA

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mast cells (MCs) have been implicated in orchestrating the host's early innate immune and adaptive immune responses in several models of acute bacterial infections. Most of this activity results in early clearance of the bacteria and timely resolution of infection. However, during chronic infections because of the pro...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Chan CY,St John AL,Abraham SN

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracytoplasmic function σ factors (ECFs) represent a fundamental and widely distributed principle of bacterial signal transduction that connects the perception of a stimulus (input) with the induction of an appropriate set of genes (output). In recent years, comparative genomics analyses have not only allowed a syst...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Mascher T

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small RNAs can act to regulate both the synthesis of proteins, by affecting mRNA transcription, translation and stability, and the activity of specific proteins by binding to them. As a result of recent genome-wide screens, around 50 small RNAs have now been identified in Escherichia coli. These include many that requ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Massé E,Majdalani N,Gottesman S

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial pathogens employ a myriad of strategies to alter host tissue cell functions for bacterial advantage during infection. Recent advances revealed a fusion of infection biology with stem cell biology by demonstrating developmental reprogramming of lineage committed host glial cells to progenitor/stem cell-like c...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Hess S,Rambukkana A

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptidoglycan (PG) sacculus once thought to be just a reinforcing, static and uniform structure, is fast becoming recognized as a dynamic cell constituent involved in every aspect of bacterial physiology. Recent advances showed that in addition to 'classical' tasks-as an essential element to define bacterial shape...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Cava F,de Pedro MA

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae senses and responds to nutrients by adapting its growth rate and undergoing morphogenic transitions to ensure survival. The Tor pathway is a major integrator of nutrient-derived signals that in coordination with other signaling pathways orchestrates cell growth. Recent advances have ...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Rohde JR,Bastidas R,Puria R,Cardenas ME

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We postulate that phenotypic resistance to antibiotics, persistence, is not an evolved (selected-for) character but rather like mutation, an inadvertent product of different kinds of errors and glitches. The rate of generation of these errors is augmented by exposure to these drugs. The genes that have been identified...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Levin BR,Concepción-Acevedo J,Udekwu KI

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetoplastea such as trypanosomatid parasites contain specialized peroxisomes that uniquely contain enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and other parts of intermediary metabolism and hence are called glycosomes. Their specific enzyme content can vary strongly, quantitatively and qualitatively, between different species...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Szöör B,Haanstra JR,Gualdrón-López M,Michels PA

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phagocytic cells, including macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells, are critical components of the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella typhimurium. These cells can have several roles during the early stage of an infection including controlling bacterial replication and producing cyto...

journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology

authors： Wick MJ

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00