Abstract：
:Successful execution of differentiation programs requires cells to assess multitudes of internal and external cues and respond with appropriate gene expression programs. Here, we review how Bacillus subtilis sporulation network deals with these tasks focusing on the lessons generalizable to other systems. With feedforward loops controlling both production and activation of downstream transcriptional regulators, cells achieve ultrasensitive threshold-like responses. The arrangement of sporulation network genes on the chromosome and transcriptional feedback loops allow coordination of sporulation decision with DNA-replication. Furthermore, to assess the starvation conditions without sensing specific metabolites, cells respond to changes in their growth rates with increased activity of sporulation master regulator. These design features of the sporulation network enable cells to robustly decide between vegetative growth and sporulation.
journal_name
Curr Opin Microbioljournal_title
Current opinion in microbiologyauthors
Narula J,Fujita M,Igoshin OAdoi
10.1016/j.mib.2016.07.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-01 00:00:00pages
38-46eissn
1369-5274issn
1879-0364pii
S1369-5274(16)30099-6journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The 21st century has seen the licensure of new anti-infective vaccines that have demonstrated their benefit for both individual and population (herd) protection. Despite this there are still many human pathogens for which no vaccine is available. As we learn more about these pathogens, and as technologies advance, mor...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2015.07.006
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quorum sensing, or the control of gene expression in response to cell density, is used by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to regulate a variety of physiological functions. In all cases, quorum sensing involves the production and detection of extracellular signalling molecules called autoinducers. While u...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(99)00025-9
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wild Escherichia coli are superbly adapted to survive in the intestines of their mammalian hosts and in the environment. E. coli K12 derivative (MG1655) encodes 4288 potential genes that provide the background genetic framework of this species. Particular E. coli clonal types encode additional chromosomal and extrachr...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00170-3
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness and the wasting disease, nagana, in cattle. The parasite is transmitted to the mammalian host by the bite of a tsetse fly. These parasites lack transcriptional regulation, and their gene expression is mainly regulated post-tr...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2014.06.006
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Much of what we know about cytokinesis in bacteria has come from studies with Escherichia coli, and efforts to comprehensively understand this fundamental process in this organism continue to intensify. Major recent advances include in vitro assembly of a membrane-tethered version of FtsZ into contractile rings in lip...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2010.09.015
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 2003, dozens of giant viruses that infect amoebas (GVA), including mimiviruses and marseilleviruses, have been discovered. These giants appear to be common in our biosphere. From the onset, their presence and possible pathogenic role in humans have been serendipitously observed or investigated using a broad rang...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2016.04.012
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most Candida albicans strains are heterozygous at the MTL (mating-type-like) locus, but mating occurs in hemi- or homozygous strains. The white-opaque switch process is repressed by the heterodimer of the MTLa1 and MTLalpha2 gene products, while mating genes are induced by a2 and alpha1. Mating occurs in opaque cells ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2004.10.003
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Barring bioavailability and nutritional limitations, virtually all organic anthropogenic chemicals can be naturally biodegraded. It is to this phenomenon we owe thanks to the long established 'tritrophic trinity' of microbe-plant-insect interactions. Over hundreds of millennia these organisms have coevolved, producing...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2004.04.007
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In part, members of the genus Streptomyces have been studied because they produce many important secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity and for the interest in their relatively elaborate life cycle. These sporulating filamentous bacteria are remarkably synchronous for division and genome segregation in special...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2009.10.004
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of the YidC/Oxa1/Alb3 membrane protein family are multifunctional mediators of membrane protein integration, folding and assembly into large complexes. Their evolutionary conserved and physiologically important role appears to relate to the assembly of major energy-transducing membrane protein complexes. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2005.02.004
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analyses of the complex regulatory networks leading to T cell survival, death, and immune deficiency have been aided in the past year by the dramatic development of new technologies to identify T cells and assess T cell function. These new techniques have shown that functional inactivation and apoptotic elimination of...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(99)80067-8
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a useful model system for understanding many aspects of eukaryotic cell growth. Studies of S. pombe have identified novel genes that function in the regulation of iron homeostasis. In response to high levels of iron, Fep1 represses the expression of several genes involved in the acquisitio...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2013.07.007
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In filamentous fungi, the actin cytoskeleton is required for polarity establishment and maintenance at hyphal tips and for formation of a contractile ring at sites of septation. Recently, formins have been identified as Arp (actin-related protein) 2/3-independent nucleators of actin polymerization, and filamentous fun...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2003.10.009
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Septins are cytoskeletal elements that contain a highly conserved canonical G domain flanked by more divergent N- and C-termini. Septin monomers form heteropolymers that in turn associate into a variety of higher-order structures. SUMOylation, acetylation and phosphorylation of septins have all been reported; however,...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2012.09.007
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:According to a Pew Research study published in February 2015, there are 37 antibacterial programs currently in clinical trials in the United States. Protein structure-based methods for guiding small molecule design were used in at least 34 of these programs. Typically, this occurred at an early stage (drug discovery a...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2015.09.003
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In two-component signaling systems, phosphorylated response regulators (RRs) are often dephosphorylated by their partner kinases in order to control the in vivo concentration of phospho-RR (RR approximately P). This activity is easily demonstrated in vitro, but these experiments have typically used very high concentra...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2010.01.013
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The eukaryotic unicellular pathogen Plasmodium falciparum tightly regulates gene expression, both during development and in adaptation to dynamic host environments. This regulation is evident in the mutually exclusive expression of members of clonally variant virulence multigene families. While epigenetic regulators h...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2014.06.013
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endolysins are phage-encoded enzymes that break down bacterial peptidoglycan at the terminal stage of the phage reproduction cycle. Their action is tightly regulated by holins, by membrane arrest, and by conversion from their inactive to active state. Recent research has not only revealed the unexpected diversity of t...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.002
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is accumulating evidence that motile bacteria are chemotactically attracted to environmental pollutants that they can degrade. Chemotaxis, the ability of motile bacteria to detect and respond to specific chemicals in the environment, can increase an organism's chances of locating useful sources of carbon, nitrog...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(02)00320-x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The détente between pathogen and host has been of keen interest to researchers in spite of being exceedingly difficult to probe. Recently, new RNA interference (RNAi) technologies, in particular in Drosophila tissue culture cells, have made it possible to interrogate the genetics of host organisms rapidly, with nearly...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2008.05.007
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus adapts to iron limitation by upregulation of iron uptake mechanisms including siderophore biosynthesis and downregulation of iron-consuming pathways to spare iron. These metabolic changes depend mainly on the transcription factor HapX. Consistent with the crucial...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2011.06.002
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the study of transmembrane transport, molecular phylogeny provides a reliable guide to protein structure, catalytic and noncatalytic transport mechanisms, mode of energy coupling and substrate specificity. It also allows prediction of the evolutionary history of a transporter family, leading to estimations of its a...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(99)00016-8
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Virulence gene regulators RovA, SlyA and PecS comprise a subset of the MarR/SlyA family of transcriptional regulators, which has been shown to be involved in the regulation of virulence genes. These regulators have all been shown to both positively and negatively regulate the expression of multiple genes, involving se...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2006.02.003
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genomic revolution is fully upon us in 2006 and the pace of discovery is set to accelerate with the emergence of ultra-high-throughput sequencing technologies. Our complete genome collection of bacteria and archaea continues to grow in number and diversity, as genome sequencing is applied to an array of new proble...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2006.08.008
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biological nitrogen fixation is a much more important process in the nitrogen cycle of the oceans than previously thought. Further, nitrogen fixation may have an influence on the capacity of the oceans to sequester carbon. A greater diversity of marine nitrogen fixers has also been uncovered but their quantitative sig...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00215-0
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The review highlights the dual role that the conserved master regulator FoxO has in aging by coordinating both stem cell proliferation and antimicrobial peptides, effector molecules of the innate immune system. As observed in non-senescent Hydra, continuously high activity of the transcription factor FoxO contributes ...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2017.06.009
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Translation of the genome into the proteome is a highly accurate biological process. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in protein synthesis are not error free and downstream protein quality control systems are needed to counteract the negative effects of translational errors (mistranslation) on proteome and c...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2009.09.004
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial biofilms are generally described as surface-associated bacterial communities comprising exopolysaccharide-surrounded microcolonies. Interspersed between these microcolonies are water-filled channels that may serve as primitive circulatory systems. Over the past few years, much progress has been made in our u...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1369-5274(99)00028-4
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently developed techniques allow genomic DNA sequencing from single microbial cells [Lasken RS: Single-cell genomic sequencing using multiple displacement amplification. Curr Opin Microbiol 2007, 10:510-516]. Here, we focus on research strategies for putting these methods into practice in the laboratory setting. An...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2008.05.006
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gram-positive pathogens are a major cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections, and exhibit a remarkable ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) and multidrug-resistant pneumococci are currently the major r...
journal_title：Current opinion in microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mib.2010.08.006
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
