Toward nanoscale genome sequencing.

abstract：:Despite the wealth of research on stem-cell biology and therapy, there have been few advances in the ex vivo expansion of adult stem cells. Fetal bovine serum, which can elicit an immune reaction in hosts receiving cellular products, remains essential to the culture methods. Recent work by Prockop et al. suggests that...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Horwitz EM

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Taxol® (generic name paclitaxel) represents one of the most clinically valuable natural products known to mankind in the recent past. More than two decades have elapsed since the notable discovery of the first Taxol®-producing endophytic fungus, which was followed by a plethora of reports on other endophytes possessin...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kusari S,Singh S,Jayabaskaran C

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major impact of genome projects on human health will be their contribution to the understanding of protein function. Proteins are the engines of biological systems, nearly all pharmaceuticals act on proteins and increasingly proteins themselves are used therapeutically. As biology enters the post-genomic era, resear...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Braun P,LaBaer J

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carotenoids are one of the most diverse classes of natural compounds. Plant carotenoids are composed of a C40 isoprenoid skeleton with or without epoxy, hydroxy and keto groups. They have fundamental roles in human nutrition as antioxidants and vitamin A precursors and their consumption is increasingly associated with...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Giuliano G,Tavazza R,Diretto G,Beyer P,Taylor MA

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Innovative fermentation processes are necessary for the cost-effective production of bulk chemicals from renewable resources. Current microbial processes are either anaerobic processes, with high yield and productivity, or less-efficient aerobic processes. Oxygen utilization plays an important role in energy generatio...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Weusthuis RA,Lamot I,van der Oost J,Sanders JP

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adsorption in stable expanded beds enables proteins to be recovered directly from particulate-containing feedstocks, such as fermentation broths and preparations of disrupted cells, without the need for prior removal of the suspended solids, which would normally result in the blockage of packed beds. The adoption of t...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Chase HA

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nature's most potent molecules are produced by enzyme-catalysed reactions, coupled with the natural selection of those products that possess optimal biological activity. Combinatorial biocatalysis harnesses the natural diversity of enzymatic reactions for the iterative synthesis of organic libraries. Iterative reactio...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Michels PC,Khmelnitsky YL,Dordick JS,Clark DS

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The process of studying dynamic three-dimensional samples has a long history in biological research. Recent advances in hardware and software have made it easier to visualise and record interior detail from multiple focal planes of three-dimensional samples as they change over time (four-dimensional imaging). Once cap...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Thomas CF,White JG

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flow cytometry is a rapid method for the quantitative measurement of light scattering and fluorescent properties of cells. Although this technique has been widely applied to biomedical and environmental studies, its potential as a tool in ecotoxicological studies has not yet been fully exploited. This article describe...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Stauber JL,Franklin NM,Adams MS

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hand-held gene gun provides a rapid and efficient method of incorporating fluorescent dyes into cells, a technique that is becoming known as diolistics. Transporting fluorescent dyes into cells has, in the past, used predominantly injection or chemical methods. The use of the gene gun, combined with the new genera...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： O'Brien JA,Lummis SC

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct delivery of purified Cas9 protein with guide RNA into plant cells, as opposed to plasmid-mediated delivery, displays high efficiency and reduced off-target effects. Following regeneration from edited cells, the ensuing plant is also likely to bypass genetically modified organism (GMO) legislation as the genome ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kanchiswamy CN,Malnoy M,Velasco R,Kim JS,Viola R

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many bacteria and fungi produce natural products that are toxic to other microorganisms and have a variety of physiological effects in animals. Recent studies have revealed that, in several cases, the targets of these agents are components of conserved signal-transduction cascades. This article looks at the mechanisms...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Cardenas ME,Sanfridson A,Cutler NS,Heitman J

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Techniques to enable direct communication between the brain and computers/machines, such as the brain-computer interface (BCI) or the brain-machine interface (BMI), are gaining momentum in the neuroscientific realm, with potential applications ranging from medicine to general consumer electronics. Noninvasive BCI tech...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Min BK,Marzelli MJ,Yoo SS

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolomics embraces several strategies that aim to quantify cell metabolites in order to increase our understanding of how metabolite levels and interactions influence phenotypes. Metabolic footprinting represents a niche within metabolomics, because it focuses on the analysis of extracellular metabolites. Although ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Mapelli V,Olsson L,Nielsen J

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The promising recognition characteristics exhibited by biomolecules have caused significant interest in biomolecule-based sensor strategies. Here we review several emerging biosensor designs that use modulated electron or energy transfer to a bio-specific ligand as the signaling mechanism. The efficiencies of both ele...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Fan C,Plaxco KW,Heeger AJ

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been shown to effectively downregulate gene expression in human cells, giving them potential to eradicate disease. Prospects for clinical applications are discussed in this review, along with an overview of recent history and our current understanding of siRNAs used for therapeutic...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Lares MR,Rossi JJ,Ouellet DL

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bioremediation differs from other industrial biotechnologies in that, although bioremediation contractors must profit from the activity, the primary driver is regulatory compliance rather than manufacturing profit. It is an attractive technology in the context of a bioeconomy but currently has limitations at the field...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Gillespie IM,Philp JC

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic plants that express foreign proteins with industrial or pharmaceutical value represent an economical alternative to fermentation-based production systems. Specific vaccines have been produced in plants as a result of the transient or stable expression of foreign genes. It has recently been shown that genes ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Mason HS,Arntzen CJ

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular delivery of therapeutic antibodies is highly desirable but remains a challenge for biomedical research and the pharmaceutical industry. Approximately two-thirds of disease-associated targets are found inside the cell. Difficulty blocking these targets with available drugs creates a need for technology to...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Gordon RE,Nemeth JF,Singh S,Lingham RB,Grewal IS

更新日期：2020-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals exploit soft structures to move effectively in complex natural environments. These capabilities have inspired robotic engineers to incorporate soft technologies into their designs. The goal is to endow robots with new, bioinspired capabilities that permit adaptive, flexible interactions with unpredictable envi...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kim S,Laschi C,Trimmer B

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its invention at the beginning of the 1990s, antibody phage display has revolutionized the generation of monoclonal antibodies and their engineering. It is now possible to create antibodies binding to any chosen target antigen without the use of laboratory animals or hybridomas, in a system that completely by-pa...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Hoogenboom HR

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins found in nature have traditionally been the most frequently used biocatalysts to produce numerous natural products ranging from commodity chemicals to pharmaceuticals. Protein engineering has emerged as a powerful biotechnological toolbox in the development of metabolic engineering, particularly for the biosy...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Li C,Zhang R,Wang J,Wilson LM,Yan Y

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-natural, functional RNA molecules, such as short interfering (si) RNAs, aptazymes, maxizymes and intramers, allow modulation of gene function at the mRNA or protein level. This review discusses recent advances made in the expression and application of these functional RNAs and illustrates how engineered, intracell...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Famulok M,Verma S

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The announcement that the European Union (EU) had reached an agreement allowing Member States (MS) to ban genetically modified (GM) crops confirms that the EU has chosen to ignore the food security challenge issued to the world by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2009. The FAO sugge...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Smyth SJ,Phillips PWB,Kerr WA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cloning of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene and elucidation of the physiological functions of the encoded protein is a triumph, not only for molecular biology, but also for people affected by CF. For them, not only is there now the possibility of screening for the commonest mutations, but they may also look forward to th...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Dorin JR,Porteous DJ

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular microarrays are powerful experimental tools for high-throughput screening of large numbers of test samples. Miniaturization increases assay throughput while reducing reagent consumption and the number of cells required, making these systems attractive for a wide range of assays in drug discovery, toxicology, ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Fernandes TG,Diogo MM,Clark DS,Dordick JS,Cabral JM

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA and RNA molecules can be detected as they are driven through a nanopore by an applied electric field at rates ranging from several hundred microseconds to a few milliseconds per molecule. The nanopore can rapidly discriminate between pyrimidine and purine segments along a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule. Nan...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Deamer DW,Akeson M

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, entrapment of cells within spheres of Ca2+ alginate has become the most widely used technique for immobilizing living cells. This versatile method includes applications ranging from immobilization of living or dead cells in bioreactors, immobilization of plant protoplasts for micropropagation and immo...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Smidsrød O,Skjåk-Braek G

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, several groups have published data on the shear sensitivity of suspended animal cells and the protective effect of certain polymers. These findings did not, at the time, seem to have great practical application because shear sensitivity did not cause great problems for large-scale applications in sparged and...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： van der Pol L,Tramper J

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxic organic compounds (xenobiotics) pose serious environmental and health risks worldwide. Biological treatment of these materials is severely constrained by their toxic and inhibitory nature and great care is required with respect to the rate at which they are provided to cells. The use of a second, distinct, organ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Daugulis AJ

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00