Extrahepatic production of acute phase serum amyloid A.

Abstract:

:Amyloidosis is a group of diseases characterized by the extracellular deposition of protein that contains non-branching, straight fibrils on electron microscopy (amyloid fibrils) that have a high content of beta-pleated sheet conformation. Various biochemically distinct proteins can undergo transformation into amyloid fibrils. The precursor protein of amyloid protein A (AA) is the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA). The concentration of SAA in plasma increases up to 1000-fold within 24 to 48 h after trauma, inflammation or infection. Individuals with chronically increased SAA levels may develop AA amyloidosis. SAA has been divided into two groups according to the encoding genes and the source of protein production. These two groups are acute phase SAA (A-SAA) and constitutive SAA (C-SAA). Although the liver is the primary site of the synthesis of A-SAA and C-SAA, extrahepatic production of both SAAs has been observed in animal models and cell culture experiments of several mammalian species and chicken. The functions of A-SAA are thought to involve lipid metabolism, lipid transport, chemotaxis and regulation of the inflammatory process. There is growing evidence that extrahepatic A-SAA formation may play a crucial role in amyloidogenesis and enhances amyloid formation at the site of SAA production.

journal_name

Histol Histopathol

authors

Upragarin N,Landman WJ,Gaastra W,Gruys E

doi

10.14670/HH-20.1295

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-10-01 00:00:00

pages

1295-307

issue

4

eissn

0213-3911

issn

1699-5848

journal_volume

20

pub_type

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