Abstract：
:Immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus rearrangements are controlled in part by an approximately 30 b complex 3' regulatory region located 3' of C alpha: this region contains several enhancers. We report here the comparison of the genomic sequences of the 3' regulatory region and further downstream sequences from mouse, rat, human and chimpanzee. Only short segments of homology were detected in the 3' regulatory region, and these were located in the vicinity of the known 3' enhancers. The nearest highly conserved segment is the nearest non-Igh gene, hole, which is located approximately 62 kb downstream of mouse C alpha. Analysis of murine 3' Igh sequences by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detected a transition region (high to low SNP or RFLP density) approximately 120 kb downstream of mouse C alpha. Although there is only limited sequence identity between rodent and primate 3' Igh regulatory regions, all of these regulatory regions contain a palindrome and locally repetitive elements. Locally repetitive elements in primates comprise blocks of "switch-like" sequences that differ from the families of inverted and tandem repeats that are present in rodents. We propose that together with enhancers, these "conserved" structural features are essential for the activity of the 3' Igh regulatory region in vivo.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Sepulveda MA,Garrett FE,Price-Whelan A,Birshtein BKdoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2004.09.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-03-01 00:00:00pages
605-15issue
5eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(04)00339-6journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Calcium signals are crucial for diverse cellular functions including adhesion, differentiation, proliferation, effector functions and gene expression. After engagement of the B cell receptor, the intracellular calcium ion (Ca(2+)) concentration is increased promoting the activation of various signaling cascades. While...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2013.10.006
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated level of IgG-type antibodies against Type 1 nuclear antigen (anti-EBNA-1-IgG) of the Epstein-Barr virus is a strong risk factor for certain autoimmune diseases. We measured anti-EBNA-1 IgG titers in 107 patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1-INH). In the sera from 33 longit...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2011.11.005
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the major obstacles in the successful clinical application of monoclonal antibodies has been the development of host immune responses to murine Ig constant and variable regions. While the CDR grafting of MAbs may alleviate many of these problems, the potential remains that one or more murine CDRs on the human I...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00094-2
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In extension of the hypothesis that an amphipathic alpha helix of Ii (Phe146-Val164) bound to the foreign antigen-presenting site (desetope) of class II MHC molecules through hydrophobic amino acid residues (Phe146, Leu150, Leu153, Met157, Ile160, Val164) which were present in an axial strip along one side of the Ii h...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(87)90068-x
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RIP2/RICK/CARDIAK is a member of the receptor interacting protein kinase (RIP) family. RIP2 promotes NF-kappaB activation as well as activation of the MAPKs JNK, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, thereby playing an emergent role in the innate immune response and NOD signaling. Moreover, RIP2 has been shown to interact with the CAR...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2008.11.002
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe several proteins that are components of the rabbit B cell receptor complex. Two proteins (37 kDa and 42 kDa) were found in non-covalent association with IgM expressed on B cells from peripheral blood. These proteins were also immunoprecipitated by anti-B29 (Ig-beta) and anti-mb1 (Ig-alpha) monoclonal antib...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(95)00028-d
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.11.020
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.02.002
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibodies that recognize Xenopus class II molecules have been developed. Mouse monoclonal antibodies were prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with frog MHC antigens that had been partially purified with alloantisera, and by immunizing mouse spleen cells in vitro with activated Xenopus T lymphocytes. In addition, five ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(90)90170-5
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(95)00071-2
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein kinase C-associated kinase (PKK; DIK/RIP4) is an ankyrin-repeat containing serine/threonine receptor-interacting protein (RIP)-family kinase that can activate NFkappaB, and is required for keratinocyte development. In earlier studies, the expression of a catalytically inactive mutant of PKK in the B cell linea...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.09.009
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dense deposit disease (DDD) is strongly associated with the uncontrolled activation of the complement alternative pathway. Factor H (CFH)-deficient (Cfh(-/-)) mice spontaneously develop C3 deposition along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) with subsequent development of glomerulonephritis with features of DDD, a ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.03.030
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90156-6
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of the host's innate immune response against microbial invasion. The cysteine-rich AMPs such as defensin and hepcidin have been extensively studied, but the recently identified cysteine-rich liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) has been characterized f...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.02.014
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crotoxin (Ctx) is the main lethal component of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. It is a neurotoxin, composed of two subunits associated by noncovalent interactions, the non-toxic acid subunit (CA), named Crotapotin, and the basic subunit (CB), with phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. Employing the SPOT synthesis tech...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.012
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(87)90118-0
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human cell lines and blood lymphocytes were treated for short time periods with IFN-gamma. This treatment increased the amount of the assembled MHC class I molecules on the plasma membrane after 30 min. This early increase of the membrane expression subsided in the next few hours. A second wave of elevation occurred a...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90008-y
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study reports the characterization of Ls-Stylicin1, a novel antimicrobial peptide from the penaeid shrimp, Litopenaeus stylirostris. The predicted mature peptide of 82 residues is negatively charged (theoretical pI=5.0) and characterized by a proline-rich N-terminal region and a C-terminal region containin...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.007
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system that participates in elimination of pathogens and altered host cells and comprises an essential link between the innate and adaptive immune system. Soluble and membrane-bound complement regulators protect cells and tissues from unintended comp...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.05.007
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as important regulators of all cellular processes, including immune function and cancer survival. These evolutionary preserved, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules mediate important functional effects primarily through post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression. M...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.022
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(91)90179-n
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II proteins have been in the focus of interest for immunologists, biochemists, cell biologists, and structural biologists for decades. With dozens of entries in the Protein Data Bank, their crystal structures are now sufficiently well understood, while their dynamic p...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.10.008
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Smalotrophomonas maltophilia(S. maltophilia) is common in nosocomial infections. However, few studies have revealed the effect of S. maltophilia on cellular immunity in the host's immune system up to now. In clinical work, we accidentally discovered that S. maltophilia directly stimulated T cells to secrete ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.019
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously used immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) to generate a three-dimensional map of idiotypic (Id) and isotypic epitopes on the Fab arms of HGAC 39 (Roux et al., 1987, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 4984-4988), a mouse IgG3 monoclonal antibody (Mab). In this report, we analyse the geometry of the various...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90167-8
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(01)00060-8
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial surfaces constitute natural immunobarriers against environmental threats. These barriers are brimming with fluids that bind, transport, cleave or degrade bacterial cells and their endotoxic by-products. Saliva and the airway surface-lining fluid (ASL) comprise the important fluid constituents. Short palate,...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.021
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A phosphorylcholine (PC)-binding IgG (Mab2) antibody produced by a hybridoma derived from a BALB/c mouse which had been immunized against Trichinella spiralis was found to bind to the immunizing antigen (TSC) but not to other PC-associated antigens such as pneumococcal antigen (PNC) and PC-conjugated ovalbumin (PC-OVA...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90106-6
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease and currently has no effective therapy. The genome-wide analyses indicate that interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is associated with the susceptibility of SLE in humans. In the present study, we identified that IRAK1 was ov...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.03.018
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HCA2 is a widely used monoclonal antibody, thought to be highly selective for HLA-A and -G heavy chains. We demonstrate here that it also shows affinity to HLA-B73 and HLA-E molecules on intact cells. By comparing the differences in the amino acid (AA) sequences of several HLA class I alleles that are either recognise...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(98)00077-7
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The innate immune response is critical to enteric disease resistance and the induction of mucosal adaptive immunity. In mucosae of the small intestine, Peyer's patches play a central role in immune surveillance and sampling of bacteria by specialized M cells. The innate immune response to Salmonella enterica serovar C...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.011
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
