Abstract：
:Electron microscopy of specimens of C9 tilted through 90 degrees visualized this protein to be a globular ellipsoid with dimensions of 77 x 70 x 52 A. To check the congruence of this observation with physical properties of the molecule, hydrodynamic parameters for C9 were determined. From this work a frictional ratio of 1.32 was calculated. C9 was compared with several other proteins of similar frictional ratios whose tertiary structures are known. All examples found of such proteins whose frictional ratios were between 1.26 and 1.37 are either heart-shaped or globular ellipsoids, but none are prolate ellipsoids. By comparison the size and shape of C9 determined by electron microscopy are congruent with its hydrodynamic parameters. Both electron microscopy and physical measurements suggest that the length (110-120 A) of C9 determined by neutron and X-ray scattering experiments is an overestimate. The source of the discrepancy was identified by the demonstration that the high concns of C9 employed in neutron and X-ray scattering work lead to aggregation of the protein. Thus, investigations involving neutron and X-ray scattering were measuring polydisperse solutions of C9. The deduced value of the radius of gyration from that work (33-35 A) is now recognized as being statistical and significantly higher than the correct value of monomeric C9 (26 A), which was calculated from electron microscopy measurements. Also high-resolution electron microscopy clearly visualized poly(C9) to be a barrel-stave construct. These results suggest that monomeric C9 must undergo a major conformational alteration to extend by 55-70 A in order to self-associate laterally in order to fashion the cylindrical poly(C9).
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
DiScipio RGdoi
10.1016/0161-5890(93)90156-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-08-01 00:00:00pages
1097-106issue
12eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Extracts of blood lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils and B, T or monocytic cell lines were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoradiometric assay after electro-transfer to nitrocellulose sheets with radiolabelled polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies specific for beta 2-microglobulin. Four d...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(89)90032-1
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A microchemical assay for phosphorus was applied to the measurement of DNA in immune complexes formed with monoclonal or serum anti-DNA autoantibodies and DNA of varying size and conformation. Two monoclonal antibodies were produced by hybridomas derived from spleen cells of autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice and were purifi...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(85)90065-3
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Der f 2 is one of the major mite allergens recognized by human IgE antibodies of allergic patients. Using five anti-Der f 2 mouse monoclonal antibodies, human IgE epitopes of Der f 2 were analyzed. Among them, two monoclonal antibodies 15E11 and 13A4 inhibited the binding between Der f 2 and human IgE antibodies. To d...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(98)00112-6
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous mouse mammary tumor proviruses (MMTV; Mtv loci) deletes Vbeta6 expressing T cells in the thymus of Mtv-7(+) DBA/2 (H2(d)) mice through negative selection. We found that in Mtv-7(-) BALB/c (H2(d)) mice, Vbeta6 is a dominant V gene used in T cell responses to an 18 amino acid long peptide antigen: EYKEYAEYAEY...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.11.006
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A high affinity C5 convertase is generated when a C3 convertase deposits additional C3b molecules on and around itself thereby switching the substrate specificity of C3 convertase from C3 to C5. In the present study the role of the additional C3b molecules in influencing the regulation of classical pathway C5 converta...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2006.07.282
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zinc finger protein regulator of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (Zac1) is a transcription factor able to induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest through independent pathways. In spite of the important potential functions attributed to Zac1, little is known of its physiological regulation and biological function. We dis...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.09.004
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:REV1 plays a key role in vertebrate translesion synthesis. Although its deoxycytidyl transferase activity is dispensable for tolerance of DNA damage caused by a number of mutagens, its extreme C terminus, which interacts with other translesion polymerases and PCNA, is essential. By examining immunoglobulin diversifica...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.09.017
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The complement system plays an important role in the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Complement C1q is an important initial component of the classical complement pathway and closely related to many chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). We aimed to determi...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.012
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(89)90025-4
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2008.03.016
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a complex condition in which exposure to environmental antigens induces inflammatory reactions in the airway characterized by activation of mast cells and eosinophils. Mast cells are known to be the main effector cells in eliciting IgE-mediated allergic response. These cells secrete various substances that p...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00070-6
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In human peripheral blood, most of the CD3+ cells express the alpha/beta T cell receptor. A smaller fraction of CD3+ T cells express the gamma/delta T cell receptor (from 1 to 10% depending the individuals, with an average of 3-5%). Interestingly, although the alpha/beta + T cells never express the gamma chain at the ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(92)90001-e
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work on the cis-acting elements that control heavy chain variable region (VH) gene somatic hypermutation has indicated the presence of an as yet unidentified element(s) 3' of the intron enhancer that is necessary for high rate mutation. Examination of cis-acting elements involved in kappa light chain V gene h...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(97)00065-5
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the fact that was one of the first systems to be discovered and investigated in the innate immunity, Complement is continuing to receive growing attention by the scientific community. Complement is involved in several diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis or Systemic Lupus Erythematous. Successful therape...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.06.003
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.07.026
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(88)90061-2
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have sequenced the TCRs from Ld-specific alloreactive T cell hybridomas, whose reactivities we have found to be quite representative of those of a primary dm2 anti-BALB/cJ mixed lymphocyte reaction. We find V beta 6, V beta 7, V beta 8 and V beta 10 gene segments. V alpha usage is diverse, although closely related ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(96)00034-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In immune cells, Src-family kinases have been implicated as critical regulators of a large number of intracellular signaling pathways. Studies of gene knockout mice lacking various family members have both confirmed the requirement for these kinases in some pathways and provided surprising insight into their roles in ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.04.010
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Angioedema diagnosis classically targets the complement system (via C1 inhibitor (C1Inh) function and antigenic C4 level) and contact phase activation (via amidase activity). Bradykinin is responsible for angioedema attacks and is produced from contact phase activation secondary to failed C1Inh control. OBJ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.01.028
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(84)90023-3
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.10.017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.06.007
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in the RAS family of oncogenes are highly prevalent in human cancer and, amongst its manifold effects, oncogenic RAS impairs the expression of components of the antigen presentation pathway. This allows evasion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CTL and natural killer (NK) cells are reciprocally regulated by ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2013.11.020
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.03.013
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90083-4
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human gastrointestinal glycoproteins (mucins), isolated by pepsin digestion from foetal stomachs and meconia, and from paired tumour and non-neoplastic mucosal samples of patients with gastric and colorectal carcinomas, were tested for precipitating reactions with peanut lectin (PNL) and four anti-carbohydrate antibod...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90145-1
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) present on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is one of the most important pathogen-associated molecular patterns and a potent elicitor in innate immunity. In human, TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) and MD-2 (myeloid differiation-2) form a receptor complex to transduce the LPS signal into...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2008.02.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Egr-1 is an immediate early gene that is rapidly upregulated in response to mitogenic signals induced by antigen receptor crosslinking on murine B lymphocytes. It has been shown that levels of Egr-1 expression are closely correlated with B cell proliferation in several models of B cell activation and tolerance. We com...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90463-l
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Complement activation involved in the innate immunity and adaptive immunity and further contributed to the development of tumor growth. This study aimed to investigate the association of genetic variants in complement 3 (C3) and decay-accelerating factor (DAF) genes with the risk of gastric cancer. METHODS:...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases including septic shock, cachexia, graft-versus-host disease and several autoimmune diseases. Monoclonal antibodies directed against TNF provide an attractive mode of therapeutic intervention in these diseases. We h...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90106-l
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
