Abstract:
:Propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether (PGMBE) is a widely used solvent in industry and in consumer products, posing a potential for human exposure via inhalation or dermal routes. Toxicokinetic studies were conducted on F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of both sexes to evaluate single or repeated dose, species, and/or sex differences in PGMBE elimination kinetics following intravenous or inhalation exposure. In the first study, rats and mice received a single intravenous dose of 15 or 200 mg PGMBE/kg and serial blood samples were collected and analyzed for PGMBE. In the second study, rats and mice received a single 6-h whole-body inhalation exposure to 75, 300, or 1200 ppm PGMBE and serial blood samples were collected and analyzed for PGMBE. In the third study, rats and mice received whole-body inhalation exposures to 75, 300, or 1200 ppm PGMBE for 6 h/day, 5 days/wk for 14 (rats) or 16 (mice) wk. Serial blood samples were analyzed for PGMBE after 2, 6, 14 (rats), and 16 (mice) wk on study. Urine samples were also collected for 16 h postexposure and analyzed for creatinine and PGMBE sulfate and PGMBE glucuronide conjugates. These studies revealed that: (1) PGMBE was eliminated from blood following concentration-dependent nonlinear kinetics in both species; (2) saturable Michaelis-Menten kinetics were clearly exhibited following a single inhalation exposure at 1200 ppm, but were less obvious following repeated exposures; (3) mice were more efficient in eliminating PGMBE from blood at lower exposure concentrations (i.e., < or = 300 ppm), but at exposure concentrations potentially exceeding their elimination capacity, mice had a greater concentration-dependent decrease in PGMBE elimination than rats; (4) there were minimal but consistent sex differences in PGMBE elimination profiles for rats, with females having higher blood concentrations at all exposure concentrations and sampling times; and (5) sex differences in PGMBE elimination were in part associated with differences in urinary excretion of PGMBE metabolites.
journal_name
Inhal Toxicoljournal_title
Inhalation toxicologyauthors
Dill J,Fuciarelli A,Lee K,Mellinger K,Burka L,Roycroft Jdoi
10.1080/08958370490428319subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
271-90issue
5eissn
0895-8378issn
1091-7691pii
8B1FH75EL073HYT9journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Oxygen radical generation due to surface radicals, inflammation, and iron release has been suggested as the mechanism of adverse effects of quartz, such as emphysema, fibrosis, and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, we measured iron release, acellular generation of hydroxyl radicals, and oxidative DNA damage and cytotox...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/089583799196628
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have reported increased morbidity in human populations following inhalation of elevated levels of urban particulate matter. These responses are especially prevalent in populations with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, including chronic bronchitis. Toxicological studies have reported alte...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/089583799196781
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of low-level concentrations, under the occupational acceptable limits, of toluene exposure and peptidoglycan (PGN) stimulation on Th1/Th2 immunity in infant mice. Pregnant BALB/c mice and their offspring were exposed to low-level toluene inhalation (0, 5, and ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370902798448
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the evaluation of particulate matter (PM) toxicity, one faces the challenge of identifying components that could be addressed as markers of toxicity. This study examines the use of statistical methods to determine which components present in the complex mixtures are related to toxic effects. The work is based on da...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370701492987
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary tissue injury and repair processes involve complex and coordinated cellular events such as necrosis, inflammation, cell growth/differentiation, apoptosis, and remodeling of extracellular matrix. These processes are regulated by expression of multiple mediator genes. Commercially available microarray blots an...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370050198566
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recurrent events, such as repeated hospital admissions for the same health outcome, occur frequently in environmental health studies. In this study, we conducted an analysis of data on repeated respiratory hospitalizations among the elderly in Vancouver, Canada, for the period of June 1, 1995, to March 31, 1999, using...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600904538
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning may cause cardiotoxicity. The natriuretic peptides, including atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-BNP, and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide), are endogenous cardiac hormones that may be secreted upon myocardial stress. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500305885
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Air pollution causes respiratory symptoms and pulmonary disease. Airway inflammation may be involved in the mechanism also for cardiovascular disease. Wood smoke is a significant contributor to air pollution, with complex and varying composition. We examined airway effects of two kinds of wood smoke in a c...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2011.633281
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of dichlorvos inhalation on electrophysiological alterations of diaphragm and phrenic nerve and the changes in the histologic structure of respiratory system. This study was performed on 33 rats divided into 5 groups, inhaling 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 microg...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/089583701753403999
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies of particulate matter (PM) using central area monitors have associated total PM mass, as well as certain individual components of PM, including sulfate, with adverse human health effects. However, some recent studies that used concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) or analyzed the effects of air...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08958370590885672
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant, present in low concentrations in the urban air and in higher concentrations in the working environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled SO2 on the O-dealkylase of pentoxyresorufin (PROD) and p-nitrophenol hydroxylases (p-NP) activities and mRNA ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370600686341
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with acute exacerbations of airflow obstruction. Additionally, elderly individuals are more susceptible to increased functional morbidity following acute PM exposure. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to determine the aging effects of PM exposure on the respon...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2012.731436
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sexually mature male and female Gottingen minipigs were exposed to various concentrations of GB and GF vapor via whole-body inhalation exposures or to liquid GB or GF via intravenous or subcutaneous injections. Vapor inhalation exposures were for 10, 60 or 180 min. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to calculate t...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.872212
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This 3-mo inhalation study investigated the biological effects of a special-purpose glass microfiber (E-glass microfiber), the stone wool fiber MMVF21, and a new high-temperature application fiber (calcium-magnesium-silicate fiber, CMS) in Wistar rats. Rats were exposed 6 h/day, 5 days/wk for 3 mo to fiber aerosol con...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390229843
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell signaling by pathogenic minerals may initiate the transactivation of genes that are critical to carcinogenesis and fibroproliferative diseases of the lung and pleura. We have shown previously that stimulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade by asbestos fibers leads to phosphorylation events...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2000.11463240
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well documented that inhalation of sulfur mustard causes injury of the respiratory system. While all of the reports and surveys thoroughly document long-term pulmonary effects after significant exposure to mustard, there is no direct evidence that addresses the issue of long-term respiratory effects in individua...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370490442421
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coal mine dust's possible carcinogenicity has recently drawn attention because of the IARC review of quartz, some new epidemiological data in German coal miners, and findings on other poorly soluble, nontoxic dusts in the rat. The aim of this study was to investigate persistent inflammation and tumor response in the r...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2000.11463217
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is important to conduct a risk assessment that includes hazard assessment and exposure assessment for the safe production and handling of newly developed nanomaterials. We conducted an inhalation study of a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as a hazard assessment. Male Wistar rats were exposed to well-dispersed MW...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2011.608096
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cross-sectional study on suberosis was conducted in the Champagne-Ardenne County, France, to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, the level of pulmonary function, and the presence of precipitins against Penicillium frequentans. Thirteen of the 33 workers exposed to cork dust had respiratory symptoms exc...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370390249120
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the potential cytotoxicity of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) loaded with sildenafil. The SLNs were tested as a new drug delivery system (DDS) for the inhalable treatment of pulmonary hypertension in human lungs. Solubility of sildenafil in SLN lipid matrix (30:70 phospholipid:...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2013.810315
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of Norwegian soldiers have reported health problems after live-fire training using the HK416 rifle. The objective of this study was to characterize gaseous and particulate emissions from three different types of ammunition, and record the health effects after exposure to emissions from live-firing. Fifty-five...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.970783
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute lung injury (ALI) induced by phosgene increases risk of serious edema and mortality. Increased permeability of the microvascular endothelium is implicated in the progression of ALI, but the processing interaction and time course activity of the vascular regulators in exudation are still not understood. The main ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370802015091
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for chloroprene in the mouse, rat and human, relying only on in vitro data to estimate tissue metabolism rates and partitioning, and to apply the model to calculate an inhalation unit risk (IUR) for chloroprene.Materials and methods: Female B6C...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2020.1715513
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary objective of this study was to correlate the emission of macro and nanoparticles released during the process of metal inert gas/metal active gas (MIG/MAG) of stainless steel with different gas mixtures. Using different gas mixtures with different heat inputs, it was possible to determine fume formation rat...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2017.1358778
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Sulfur mustard exposure, as the most widely used chemical weapon, can lead to acute and long-term pulmonary complications via various pathways, such as triggering an imbalance between the oxidant and antioxidant system. Currently, there is no validated antidote, chemoprophylaxis and curative modality for pulmon...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.920439
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::With growing evidence of the association between daily mortality and air pollution in adults, it is important to investigate whether infants are also susceptible to the adverse health effects of ambient air pollutants. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between air pollution and postneonatal mort...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958370500434214
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the association between exposure to asbestos fibers and the development of lung cancer and mesothelioma has been well established in humans, the carcinogenic potential of other natural and man-made fibers/particles is not clear. Various in vitro genotoxicity studies have been employed to assess their in vivo ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2000.11463207
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Species differences in the handling of particles are topics of interest for setting ambient particulate matter standards as well as for studies involving the phenomenon of lung overload and the implications, if any, of such studies for workplace dust exposure standards. The dosimetry of inhaled particles differs among...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2000.11463250
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nanoparticles are being rapidly assimilated into numerous research fields and consumer products. A concurrent increase in human exposure to such materials is expected. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possess unique and beneficial features, increasing their functionality and integrative potential. However, MNP ...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08958378.2011.592869
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Mucociliary clearance sustains a baseline functionality and an "on demand" capability to upregulate clearance upon irritant exposure involving mucus hypersecretion and accelerated ciliary beat frequency (CBF) modulated by nitric oxide (NO). This study characterized these elements as well as cellular and exoge...
journal_title:Inhalation toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08958378.2017.1318985
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00