Abstract：
:Cells isolated from the embryonic, neonatal, and adult rodent central nervous system divide in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), while retaining the ability to differentiate into neurons and glia. These cultures can be grown in aggregates termed neurospheres, which contain a heterogeneous mix of both multipotent stem cells and more restricted progenitor populations. Neurospheres can also be generated from the embryonic human brain and in some cases have been expanded for extended periods of time in culture. However, the mechanisms controlling the number of neurons generated from human neurospheres are poorly understood. Here we show that maintaining cell-cell contact during the differentiation stage, in combination with growth factor administration, can increase the number of neurons generated under serum-free conditions from 8% to > 60%. Neurotrophic factors 3 and 4 (NT3, NT4) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were the most potent, and acted by increasing neuronal survival rather than inducing neuronal phenotype. Following differentiation, the neurons could survive dissociation and either replating or transplantation into the adult rat brain. This experimental system provides a practically limitless supply of enriched, non-genetically transformed neurons. These should be useful for both neuroactive drug screening in vitro and possibly cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.
journal_name
Nat Biotechnoljournal_title
Nature biotechnologyauthors
Caldwell MA,He X,Wilkie N,Pollack S,Marshall G,Wafford KA,Svendsen CNdoi
10.1038/88158subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-05-01 00:00:00pages
475-9issue
5eissn
1087-0156issn
1546-1696pii
88158journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The ability to detect single protein molecules in blood could accelerate the discovery and use of more sensitive diagnostic biomarkers. To detect low-abundance proteins in blood, we captured them on microscopic beads decorated with specific antibodies and then labeled the immunocomplexes (one or zero labeled target pr...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro reprogramming of somatic cells into a pluripotent embryonic stem cell-like state has been achieved through retroviral transduction of murine fibroblasts with Oct4, Sox2, c-myc and Klf4. In these experiments, the rare 'induced pluripotent stem' (iPS) cells were isolated by stringent selection for activation of...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt1335
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to produce monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) in plants offers the opportunity for the development of an inexpensive method of mucosal immunoprotection against sexually transmitted diseases. To investigate the suitability of plant-expressed Mabs for vaginal preventive applications, we compared a humanized anti-h...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/4344
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt1076
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/72601
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Droplet single-cell RNA-sequencing (dscRNA-seq) has enabled rapid, massively parallel profiling of transcriptomes. However, assessing differential expression across multiple individuals has been hampered by inefficient sample processing and technical batch effects. Here we describe a computational tool, demuxlet, that...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt.4042
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insertional mutagenesis represents a major hurdle to gene therapy and necessitates sensitive preclinical genotoxicity assays. Cdkn2a-/- mice are susceptible to a broad range of cancer-triggering genetic lesions. We exploited hematopoietic stem cells from these tumor-prone mice to assess the oncogenicity of prototypica...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
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pub_type：
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nbt1369
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/83489
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/6981
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolution of eukaryotes is mediated by sexual recombination of parental genomes. Crossovers occur in random, but homologous, positions at a frequency that depends on DNA length. As exons occupy only 1% of the human genome and introns about 24%, by far most of the crossovers occur between exons, rather than inside. The...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/88084
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the consequences of releasing genetically engineered plants (GEP) into the environment. Using opine-producing GEP, we show that transgenic plants alter their biological environment, more precisely the root-associated bacterial populations. The alterations were both transgene-specific and target p...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt0497-369
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt.3294
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nbt872
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A central hurdle in developing small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as therapeutics is the inefficiency of their delivery across the plasma and endosomal membranes to the cytosol, where they interact with the RNA interference machinery. With the aim of improving endosomal release, a poorly understood and inefficient proces...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt.3298
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-density short oligonucleotide microarrays have become a widely used tool for measuring gene expression on a large scale. However, details of the mechanism of binding on microarrays remain unclear. Short oligonucleotide probes currently synthesized on microarrays are often ineffective as a result of limited sequen...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt836
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/3469
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods used to sequence the transcriptome often produce more than 200 million short sequences. We introduce StringTie, a computational method that applies a network flow algorithm originally developed in optimization theory, together with optional de novo assembly, to assemble these complex data sets into transcripts...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt.3122
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brief expression of pluripotency-associated factors such as Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and c-Myc (OKSM), in combination with differentiation-inducing signals, has been reported to trigger transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into other cell types. Here we show that OKSM expression in mouse fibroblasts gives rise to both induced ...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
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更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
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更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ensuring adequate manufacturing capacity for recombinant and monoclonal antibodies is one of the greatest challenges facing the biotech industry. The following factors should be taken into account when designing product development and production strategies. ...
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journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fewer than half of all tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra acquired in shotgun proteomics experiments are typically matched to a peptide with high confidence. Here we determine the identity of unassigned peptides using an ultra-tolerant Sequest database search that allows peptide matching even with modifications ...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monitoring the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in health and disease can provide key insights into adaptive immune responses, but the accuracy of current TCR sequencing (TCRseq) methods is unclear. In this study, we systematically compared the results of nine commercial and academic TCRseq methods, including six rapi...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract：:In the version of this article initially published, Lena Dolman's second affiliation was given as Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK. The correct second affiliation is Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The error has been corrected in the HTML ...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,已发布勘误
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更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 已发布勘误
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更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium (Ca(2+)) signals that are precisely modulated in space and time mediate a myriad of cellular processes, including contraction, excitation, growth, differentiation and apoptosis. However, study of Ca(2+) responses has been hampered by technological limitations of existing Ca(2+)-modulating tools. Here we presen...
journal_title：Nature biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nbt.3350
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
