Abstract：
:Our present understanding of intracellular protein degradation developed from an attempt to understand the metabolic stability of proteins in cells. With the unravelling of its complex biochemical machinery has come a realization that protein degradation plays an important role in the most crucial events in the cell cycle, in signal transduction and in maintaining the integrity of the proper folded state of proteins. In this review, I attempt to trace the curious history of intracellular protein degradation, its novel and elegant biochemistry and to extract the features that might be important for the next era of studies in cell physiology.
journal_name
Trends Cell Bioljournal_title
Trends in cell biologyauthors
Kirschner Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-12-01 00:00:00pages
M42-5issue
12eissn
0962-8924issn
1879-3088pii
S0962-8924(99)01666-9journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Accurate spindle positioning is crucial for spatial control of cell division. During metazoan development, coordination between polarity cues and spindle position also ensures correct segregation of cell fate determinants. Converging evidence indicates that spindle positioning is achieved through interactions between ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02306-1
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysosome function and position in the cytoplasm depends on the BORCS machinery, which tethers lysosomes to the kinesin microtubule motor. A recent paper of Snouwaert et al. in Cell Reports characterizes a mouse with a spontaneous mutation in the Borcs7 subunit, which causes axonal dystrophy and impaired motor function...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2018.08.002
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy and cap-dependent mRNA translation are tightly regulated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling complex in response to nutrient availability. However, the regulation of these processes, and mTORC1 itself, is different during mitosis, and this has remained an area of significant ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.11.001
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro cell biology has become an effective way to identify molecules responsible for membrane traffic. We have used this approach to study the assembly and budding of coated pits. So far our system has allowed us to identify a high-affinity binding site for the AP2 subunit on the inside surface of plasma membranes,...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(93)90205-f
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established that the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein kinase has pivotal roles in controlling cell functions (including protein synthesis, cell growth and cell proliferation) and is implicated in numerous human diseases. Mammalian TOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling is activated by hormones and growth factor...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2009.03.005
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulation of endothelial cell contacts is of central importance for the barrier function of the blood vessel wall and for the control of leukocyte extravasation. In addition, the plasticity of endothelial cell contacts is regulated during angiogenesis by growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.10.001
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The eukaryotic nucleus is surrounded by a protective nuclear envelope, which is perforated by trafficking machines termed nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). The NPCs are the sole mediators of exchange between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Small molecules pass through the NPCs unchallenged; however, large macromolecules a...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2003.10.007
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle in cells and has fundamental functions, such as folding, processing, and trafficking of proteins, cellular metabolism, and ion storage. To maintain its function, it is turned over constitutively, and even more actively under certain stress conditions. Quality con...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2020.02.001
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The small vesicles shed from the surface of many cells upon stimulation, considered for a long time to be artefacts, are now recognized as specific structures that are distinct from the exosomes released upon exocytosis of multivesicular bodies. Recent reports indicate that shedding vesicles participate in important b...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2008.11.003
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poly(A) tails are non-templated additions of adenosines at the 3' ends of most eukaryotic mRNAs. In the nucleus, these RNAs are co-transcriptionally cleaved at a poly(A) site and then polyadenylated before being exported to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, poly(A) tails play pivotal roles in the translation and stabil...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2018.11.002
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides signalling cues that regulate cell behaviour and orchestrate functions of cells in tissue formation and homeostasis. The composition of the ECM, its three-dimensional organization and proteolytic remodelling are major determinants of the microenvironmental signalling context tha...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01362-2
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a tracer for observing proteins in living cells has revolutionized cell biology and spurred an intensive search for GFP variants with novel characteristics, additional autofluorescent proteins and alternative techniques of protein labelling. Two recent studies - o...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02343-7
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroplasts depend on the nucleus for much of their proteome. Consequently, strong transcriptional coordination exists between the genomes, which is attuned to the developmental and physiological needs of the organelle. Recent studies highlight that the post-translational modifier ubiquitin adds another layer to plas...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.12.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whereas physics seeks for universal laws underlying natural phenomena, biology accounts for complexity and specificity of molecular details. Contemporary biological physics requires people capable of working at this interface. New programs prepare scientists who transform respective disciplinary views into innovative ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2017.05.002
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle progression through spatiotemporally regulated proteolysis. Although recent studies revealed its postmitotic function, our knowledge of the role of APC/C beyond cell cycle regulation in the biology...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.03.001
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In higher eukaryotes, the vast majority of protein-coding genes contain introns that must be removed from precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) with great precision by the spliceosome. Spliceosomes are massive RNA-protein macromolecular machines with >100 distinct components that assemble onto nascent transcripts and are released...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2009.05.004
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At least three genes that play crucial roles in dorsal-ventral patterning of the Drosophila embryo appear to encode extracellular proteases. These proteases are involved in the generation of localized extracellular ligands for membrane receptors. Because the sequences of these gene products closely resemble those of m...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(92)90246-j
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phagocytosis is a receptor-mediated, actin-dependent process of internalization of large extracellular particles, such as pathogens or apoptotic cells. Engulfment of phagocytic targets requires the activity of myosins, actin-dependent molecular motors, which perform a variety of functions at distinct steps during phag...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.11.002
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most toxic DNA lesions given their oncogenic potential. Nevertheless, programmed DSBs (prDSBs) contribute to several biological processes. Formation of prDSBs is the 'price to pay' to achieve these essential biological functions. Generated by domesticated PiggyBac transposases, ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.11.005
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular organization of the cytoskeleton, assembly of intracellular signaling complexes and movement of membrane receptors into supramolecular activation complexes (SMACs) are crucial prerequisites for lymphocyte activation and function. Full T-cell activation requires costimulatory signals in addition to antigen-med...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(01)01981-x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to the regulation of cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation is receiving much attention. Recently, it has become evident that certain cellular responses require the combined action of ECM components and soluble growth factors. This article examines po...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0962-8924(92)90057-t
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on fibroblast biology in three-dimensional collagen matrices offers new opportunities to understand the reciprocal and adaptive interactions that occur between cells and surrounding matrix in a tissue-like environment. Such interactions are integral to the regulation of connective tissue morphogenesis and dyn...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(03)00057-6
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular bacteria including major pathogens live in the cytoplasm or in cytoplasmic vacuoles within their host cell. However, some can invade more unusual intracellular niches such as the eukaryotic nucleus. Phylogenetically diverse intranuclear bacteria have been discovered in various protist, arthropod, marine ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2015.01.002
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Like the conductor of an orchestra, the Sec protein translocation channel is the platform needed to bring together the many different players required for the constitutive and obligatory process of protein transport. This conserved membrane channel, termed SecY in bacteria and Sec61 in eukaryotes, creates a ubiquitous...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2011.04.005
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Every heart beat is not equal. As physiological demands of the cardiovascular system change, cardiac myocytes modulate contractile parameters including the rate and force of contraction. Adaptive responses require the sensing of biomechanical signals involving the interface between the contractile cytoskeleton (myofib...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2004.01.003
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ErbB family of four receptor tyrosine kinases occupies a central role in a wide variety of biological processes from neuronal development to breast cancer. New information continues to expand their biologic significance and to unravel the molecular mechanisms that underlie the signaling capacity of these receptors...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2006.10.008
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The annual meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) is a large and diverse gathering. At last year's meeting**The American Society for Cell Biology 38th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA; 12-16 December, 1998. Program chair: Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz., there were over 8000 attendees, and the topics ...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0962-8924(99)01509-3
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sustained pro-proliferative signaling is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Although it is generally understood that the oncogenic signaling pathways are overactivated, or at least abnormally activated, in cancer cells, important mechanistic details of such abnormal activation remain unresolved. Among these details are s...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2019.08.005
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Iron is an essential element for metabolic processes intrinsic to life, and yet the properties that make iron a necessity also make it potentially deleterious. To avoid harm, iron homeostasis is achieved through iron transport, storage and regulatory proteins. The functions of some of these molecules are well describe...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most microtubule arrays in animal cells, including the bipolar spindle required for cell division, are organized by centrosomes. Thus, strict control of centrosome numbers is crucial for accurate chromosome segregation. Each centrosome comprises two centrioles, which need to be duplicated exactly once in every cell cy...
journal_title：Trends in cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tcb.2007.03.003
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
