Abstract:
:Infection of C57BL/6 mice with mouse hepatitis virus strain V5A13.1 (MHV-V5A13.1) results in an acute encephalitis followed by a chronic, progressive demyelinating disease with clinical and histological similarities to the human demyelinating disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Studies were undertaken to evaluate the contribution of NOS2 generated NO in demyelination in MHV-infected mice. MHV-infected animals were treated daily with either 8 mg of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of NOS2 activity, or PBS by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. MHV-infection of mice resulted in 20% mortality in both groups with surviving mice clearing virus below levels of detection, as measured by plaque assay, by day 12 postinfection (p.i.). A significant decrease in the severity of clinical disease was observed in AG-treated animals as compared to mice receiving PBS at days 7 and 12 p.i. (P< or =0.001 and 0.003, respectively) however, by day 21 p.i. AG-treated mice exhibited the same severity of clinical disease as control animals. Examination of brain and spinal cords from infected mice revealed a pronounced reduction in the severity of inflammation at day 7 p.i. in mice treated with AG as compared to control mice. By day 12 p.i. there was a significant decrease (P< or =0.02) in the severity of demyelination in AG-treated mice as compared to control animals yet both PBS and AG treated mice had a similar degree of demyelination by day 21 p.i. Analysis of chemokine mRNA transcripts by RNase protection assay revealed that AG-treated mice had significantly lower levels (P < or = 0.007) of transcripts for the C-C chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) at day 7 p.i. as compared to control animals. By day 12 p.i., AG-treated mice and control mice had similar levels of chemokine transcripts. Together, these data suggest that inhibition of NOS2/NO slows the progression of MHV-induced demyelination. One potential mechanism by which this may occur is through controlling inflammation through modulation of chemokine expression in the CNS.
journal_name
J Neuroviroljournal_title
Journal of neurovirologyauthors
Lane TE,Fox HS,Buchmeier MJdoi
10.3109/13550289909029745subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-02-01 00:00:00pages
48-54issue
1eissn
1355-0284issn
1538-2443journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mutations in CCR5 and CCR2b have been recently shown to affect disease progression towards AIDS. A role for these host genotypes in AIDS dementia complex (ADC) has also been postulated but remains unclear. Additionally, brain-derived envelope sequences from HIV-1 have been associated with ADC but their specific contri...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550280009013160
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has recently been shown that bacteria and viruses can be delivered to the brain parenchyma without evoking an immune response. These experiments demonstrate that there are no cells within the brain parenchyma that can initiate a primary immune response, and that the drainage of pathogens from the brain parenchyma i...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 71-year-old man presented with sudden onset, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and altered mental status. Initial brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal but a brain FDG-PET scan showed hypermetabolism in the left ventral striatum and septal area. Initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed mildly eleva...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-019-00779-2
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the possible role for human herpesviruses (HHV) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) neither clear distinction between the two variants of HHV-6, nor the involvement of HHV-7 have been described. Therefore, we quantitated HHV-6 variant specific and HHV-7 reacting antibodies in the CSF of 13 patients with ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289909045382
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both HIV disease and advanced age have been associated with alterations to cerebral white matter, as measured with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and more recently with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). This study investigates the comb...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0386-3
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies on the coreceptor usage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia have shown that both X4 and R5 viruses are involved in the process. The disease is associated with enhanced virus replication and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/753312763
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports suggest that a growing number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons show signs of persistent cognitive impairment even in the context of combination antiretroviral therapies (cART). The basis for this finding remains poorly understood as there are only a limited number of studies examin...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s13365-011-0033-6
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A subset of patients with coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) experience neurological complications. These complications include loss of sense of taste and smell, stroke, delirium, and neuromuscular signs and symptoms. The etiological agent of COVID-19 is SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), an R...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00903-7
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is controversy with regard to the entry pathway of the rabies virus (RABV) into the central nervous system (CNS). Some authors have suggested that the virus inoculated at the periphery is captured and transported to CNS only by motor neurons; however, it has been reported that dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory n...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-013-0179-5
更新日期:2013-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::B-lymphoblastoid cell-lines may develop spontaneously in mononuclear cells from patients with multiple sclerosis, an observation rarely seen in healthy individuals. Examination of such spontaneously established B-cell lines reveal the presence of Epstein-Barr virus and retrovirus particles. We have speculated that in ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distal leg epidermal nerve fiber density (ENFD) is a validated predictor of HIV sensory neuropathy (SN) risk. We assessed how ENFD is impacted by initiation of first-time antiretroviral therapy (ART) in subjects free of neuropathy and how it is altered when mitochondrial toxic nucleoside medications are used as part o...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0352-0
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This mini-review summarizes current knowledge of MSRV (multiple sclerosis-associated retrovirus), founder member of the type W family of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), its pathogenic potential and association with diseases. As retrotransposable elements, HERVs behave differently from stable genes, and cannot b...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280802448451
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess lithium safety and tolerability and to explore its impact on cognition, function, and neuroimaging biomarkers in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects with cognitive impairment. Fifteen cognitively impaired HIV-infected subjects were enrolled in this 10-week ope...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280902758973
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Nigeria, the incidence and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related neurocognitive impairment (NCI) are unknown and there currently exists little information related to the viral correlates rates of NCI. Therefore, studies were performed to examine the potential utility of applying an established ne...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-012-0097-y
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines influence HIV neuropathogenesis by affecting the HIV life cycle, trafficking of macrophages into the nervous system, glial activation, and neuronal signaling and repair processes; however, knowledge of their relationship to in vivo measures of cerebral injury is limited. The primary objective of this study ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-010-0013-2
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two human alpha-herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and varicella zoster virus (VZV), account for the most frequent and serious neurologic disease caused by any of the eight human herpesviruses. Both HSV-1 and VZV become latent in ganglia. In this review, the authors describe features of latency for these viru...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280390194000
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to learn more about the cellular response to viral gene activity during latency and reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the authors have employed microarray analysis. On an array of about 1200 cellular genes, approximately 56 genes were found to be differentially regulated in infected trigemi...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280591002405
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent ability to quantitate and localize the interaction of antigen-specific T cells in the central nervous system during infectious and autoimmune diseases will greatly enhance our understanding of the molecular and biologic basis of virus-induced diseases of the nervous and other systems. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280490468438
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combined effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), obesity, and elevated visceral adipose tissue (VAT) on brain structure are unknown. In a cross-sectional analysis of Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) participants, we determined associations between HIV serostatus, adiposity, and brain structure. Men (133...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-016-0507-7
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maedi Visna Virus (MVV) is a prototypic lentivirus that causes infection only in cells of macrophage lineage, unlike the primate lentiviruses which infect both CD4+ T lymphocytes and macrophages. In primates, the earliest viral invasion is associated with the ability of the virus to infect and activate T cells which c...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289809113480
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurological manifestations of HIV infection may be in part due to alterations in the blood-brain barrier. These may be caused by structural changes in the barrier or may consist of subtle metabolic or biochemical disturbances in barrier function. In the CNS, the family of glucose transporter proteins plays a key ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289909021298
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies in an experimental model of rabies showed neuronal process degeneration in association with severe clinical disease. Cultured adult rodent dorsal root ganglion neurons infected with challenge virus standard (CVS)-11 strain of rabies virus (RABV) showed axonal swellings and reduced axonal growth wi...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0320-8
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans, causes a spectrum of neuropathology that includes alterations in behavior, changes in evoked potentials, and neuronal degeneration. In the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model of HIV ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280490521131
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegeneration and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated dementia (HAD) are the major disease manifestations of HIV-1 colonization of the central nervous system (CNS). In the brain, HIV-1 replicates in microglial cells and infiltrating macrophages and it persists in a low-productive, noncytolytic s...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280390201263
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::After uniocular anterior chamber (AC) inoculation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), virus and TNF alpha (TNF-alpha) are detected in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). The goal of this study was to investigate the role of TNF-alpha and macrophages in the brain of HSV-1-infected BALB/c mice. Mice were treated with ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280601039030
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 into cells is a complex process mediated in part by the binding of the HSV glycoprotein D (gD) to a specific cellular receptor identified as HveC, or nectin-1. We examined the distribution of HveC in sensory and motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by immunocyt...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/135502801753170336
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research assessing whether major depressive disorders (MDD) impacts neurocognitive functions in HIV+ persons has yielded inconsistent results. However, none have considered the role of MDD remission, chronicity, and stability on treatment. Ninety-five HIV+ adults clinically stable on combined antiretroviral treatment ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0368-5
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated central nervous system (CNS) infection is a rare disease. We report an atypical manifestation of EBV encephalitis initially presenting with a tumor-like lesion of the optic tract in an immunocompromised patient 8 years after a combined kidney and pancreas transplantation had been pe...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280802345715
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amplification of viral nucleic acids from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has considerably improved the diagnosis of several acute, subacute and chronic viral infections of the nervous system. In herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the method of choice for the rap...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/13550289609146880
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natalizumab therapy in multiple sclerosis has been associated with JC polyomavirus-induced progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. We hypothesized that natalizumab may also lead to reactivation of BK, a related human polyomavirus capable of causing morbidity in immunosuppressed groups. Patients with relapsing remi...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550280903131923
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00