Thirteen-week subchronic toxicity study of thiamphenicol in F344 rats.

abstract：:Kahweol, the coffee-specific diterpene, has been reported to have anti-carcinogenic properties. Animal data support such a chemopreventive effect of coffee. However, the precise underlying protective mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the apoptotic effect of kahweol in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kim HG,Hwang YP,Jeong HG

更新日期：2009-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of mercury to the brain following an injection of methylmercury (MeHg) or ethylmercury (EtHg) was examined in immature mice. Postnatal day (PND) 16 CD1 mice received MeHg chloride either by IM injection or by gavage. At 24 h and 7 days post-injection, total mercury concentrations were determined in bl...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Harry GJ,Harris MW,Burka LT

更新日期：2004-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Excess alcohol consumption during pregnancy could lead to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). However, the molecular mechanism leading to craniofacial abnormality, a feature of FAS, is still poorly understood. The cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) contribute to the formation of the craniofacial bones. Therefore, NCCs expose...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Zhang P,Wang G,Lin Z,Wu Y,Zhang J,Liu M,Lee KKH,Chuai M,Yang X

更新日期：2017-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The assessment of human exposure to chemicals present in the diet is a rapidly developing discipline. The formulation of the "risk analysis paradigm" by the Codex Alimentarius Commission in 1994 defined the exposure assessment as an essential step of the risk assessment process. This has re-enforced demands to those j...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Luetzow M

更新日期：2003-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particulates with an aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm) can suppress alveolar macrophage (AM) functions, but the data concerning the effects of blowing sand PM2.5 on AMs remain limited. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influences of blowing sand PM2.5 on A...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Geng H,Meng Z,Zhang Q

更新日期：2005-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of plastics, acrylic fibers, synthetic rubbers and resins that are used in a variety of products including food containers and medical devices. ACN is a possible human carcinogen and a documented animal carcinogen, with the stomach being an important ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hamdy NM,Al-Abbasi FA,Alghamdi HA,Tolba MF,Esmat A,Abdel-Naim AB

更新日期：2012-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The lithocholic acid-sensitive mutant cells were isolated from CHO-9 cells mutagenized with ethylmethane sulfonate, through clonal selection on 96-well dishes. The isolated mutant cells (LSJ-11) were 3-fold more sensitive than controls in the survival to lithocholic acid and were also sensitive to other bile acids suc...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kaneko M,Kodama M,Inoue F,Horikoshi J

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triphenyltin (TPT) is an organotin compound and may be an endocrine disruptor, impairing the male reproductive system. However, the effect of short-term TPT exposure on stem Leydig cell regeneration later on remains unknown. Here, we show that TPT affects stem Leydig cell regeneration in the adult rat testis. Adult ma...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ni C,Fang Y,Chen X,Wu K,Li H,Wang Y,Zhenkun L,Lian Q,Ge RS

更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fibroblasts with a resultant increase in lung collagen content. Previous research has implied a possible involvement of the T-lymphocyte in this process. We used cyclosporin A (Cy A), a known immunosuppressant, to deplete T-lymphocyte-depe...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sendelbach LE,Lindenschmidt RC,Witschi HP

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoallergenic infant formulas are widely used for infants with cow's milk allergy. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the mouse basophil activation test (BAT) in the evaluation of residual antigenicity in these formulas. Whole blood samples derived from β-lactoglobulin- or casein-immunized mice were i...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Iwamoto H,Matsubara T,Nakazato Y,Namba K,Takeda Y

更新日期：2016-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Although fluoride is known to stimulate bone formation, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies have implicated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a major signaling cascade in bone biology. Our earlier studies highlighted a probable role of canonical Wnt pathway in bone formation of chronic fluori...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pan L,Shi X,Liu S,Guo X,Zhao M,Cai R,Sun G

更新日期：2014-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic rodents that contain easily retrievable target genes allow the rapid quantitation of mutations in any tissue from which DNA can be isolated. We are using the Stratagene Big Blue transgenic mouse system that contains a lacI target and an alpha lacZ reporter gene to study the parameters that affect mutations....

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mirsalis JC

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gastrointestinal tract is one of the main targets of cadmium (Cd), an important food and drinking water contaminant. In the present study, the effect of subchronic (30 days) oral (in water) intake of 5ppm and 50ppm of cadmium on immune responses in the gut was examined in rats. Cadmium consumption resulted in reductio...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ninkov M,Popov Aleksandrov A,Demenesku J,Mirkov I,Mileusnic D,Petrovic A,Grigorov I,Zolotarevski L,Tolinacki M,Kataranovski D,Brceski I,Kataranovski M

更新日期：2015-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Although building constructions are a recurring part of urbanization, the health risk of particulate matters (PM) originating from such activities have seldom been subjected to detailed studies. We sought to characterize the relative risk of air borne PM collected from different heights (ground and top floor) of a bui...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Li H,Fang CH,Shi W,Gurusamy S,Li S,Krishnan MN,George S

更新日期：2015-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on occurrence of dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins [PCDDs] and dibenzofurans [PCDFs]), dioxin-like PCBs (polychlorinated non-ortho and mono-ortho biphenyls) and non-dioxin-like PCBs (as represented by the so-called indicator-PCBs: congeners 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180) in food products consumed in...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Baars AJ,Bakker MI,Baumann RA,Boon PE,Freijer JI,Hoogenboom LA,Hoogerbrugge R,van Klaveren JD,Liem AK,Traag WA,de Vries J

更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:When 3-nitropropanol (NPOH) was injected into the rumen (30 mg/kg), abomasum (10 mg/kg) or small intestine (10 mg/kg) of sheep, it was rapidly absorbed and converted to 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA). The reticulo-rumen was the major site of absorption for the miserotoxin aglycone but the abomasum and the small intestine...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pass MA,Majak W,Muir AD,Yost GS

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of copper on cadmium-induced cytotoxicity on vascular endothelial cells from bovine aorta in a culture system. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the [3H]adenine release assay and the histological observation. After a 24-h incubation, cadmium exhibited a significant cytotoxicity on confluent cult...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kaji T,Fujiwara Y,Koyanagi E,Yamamoto C,Mishima A,Sakamoto M,Kozuka H

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early histologic lesions and sequential changes in the development of mirex-induced cataracts were studied in the offspring of lactating female Sherman rats given oral doses of mirex for 5 consecutive days post partum. The earliest histologic change, seen at neonatal day 7, was slight swelling of the individual co...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Scotti TM,Chernoff N,Linder R,McElroy WK

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of [14C]chlorferron in a single oral dose of 0.5 and 20 mg/kg body weight to female rats resulted in a urinary excretion of greater than 74% of the given dose during the first 24 h. Approx. 8% of the dose was eliminated in faeces within 7 days. 7 days after dosing, very low levels of [14C]chlorferron-de...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Malik JK,Lay JP,Klein W,Korte F

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guidelines concerning the preclinical safety assessment of therapeutic proteins are available, e.g. in the European Community (EC Notes for Guidance). Unlike rather rigidly prescribing test systems such as those known for chemical substances, it is agreed that for biotechnologically-produced products, testing may be q...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bass R,Kleeberg U,Schröder H,Scheibner E

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-body inhalation exposures to N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) were conducted with male rats (Crl:CD BR) and mice (Crl:CD-1 (ICR)BR). Exposure concentrations were 50, 150, 300 and 500 ppm. The exposure routines consisted of single 1-, 3-, or 6-h exposures and ten 6-h exposures (10 exposure days in 2 weeks). Area unde...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hundley SG,Lieder PH,Valentine R,McCooey KT,Kennedy GL Jr

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of vitamin E on cell morphology and cellular protein thiols under oxidative stress was investigated in cultured rat hepatocytes with different vitamin E status. Hepatocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of 100 microM alpha-tocopherol succinate for 24 h then treated with 1.5 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang ST,Kuo JH,Chou RG,Lii CK

更新日期：1996-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Lindane administration to rats (60 mg/kg b.w.) led to an enhancement in the oxidative stress status of the liver at 4 h after treatment, characterized by increases in hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactants (TBARS) formation and chemiluminescence, reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion, and diminution in the biliary conten...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Videla LA,Arisi AC,Fuzaro AP,Koch OR,Junqueira VB

更新日期：2000-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) is an ethanol metabolite and EtG is used as a biomarker of alcohol drinking. EtG can be detected in the blood and in several biological matrices including urine, hair and nails. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for fetus health so in the recent years different strate...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ferraguti G,Ciolli P,Carito V,Battagliese G,Mancinelli R,Ciafrè S,Tirassa P,Ciccarelli R,Cipriani A,Messina MP,Fiore M,Ceccanti M

更新日期：2017-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) has a salutary effect on hemorrhagic, traumatic and endotoxic shock. The role of FDP on compound 48/80-induced shock was therefore investigated. Sprague Dawley aged male rats (448+/-7.4 gm body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups and treated intraperitoneally with diphenhydr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Figueroa AH,Stone RH,Cohly HH,Lehan PH,Markov AK

更新日期：2001-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:5-Azactydine inhibits cell growth by direct cytotoxic action as well as by inhibition of DNA methyl transferase enzyme. Inhibitors of DNMT have been reported to potentiate the therapeutic activity of cisplatin in vitro. Dose dependent bone marrow toxicity, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are the major side effects of...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tikoo K,Ali IY,Gupta J,Gupta C

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of tri- and hexavalent chromium after intraperitoneal administration for 5 consecutive days on testicular histopathology and epididymal sperm number was assessed. Treatment with hexavalent chromium induced testicular atrophy and a reduction in epididymal sperm number after 60 days. No effect was seen after ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ernst E

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human steroid sulfatase (STS) plays an important role in regulating the formation of biologically active estrogens and may be a promising target for treating estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. The molecular mechanism of STS gene expression, however, is still not clear. Growth factors are known to increase STS activity ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sung CH,Im HJ,Park N,Kwon Y,Shin S,Ye DJ,Cho NH,Park YS,Choi HK,Kim D,Chun YJ

更新日期：2013-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Tubule segments from defined stages of the mouse seminiferous epithelium were incubated for 4, 8 and 24 h in the presence of different concentrations of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), adriamycin, and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) to study the effects of these chemicals on germ cell apoptosis and DNA synthesis. Apop...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Suominen JS,Linderborg J,Nikula H,Hakovirta H,Parvinen M,Toppari J

更新日期：2003-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of potential risk factors for induction and/or exacerbation of asthma, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we investigate the role of SO2 in asthma using a classical asthmatic model with allergic airway inflammation by treating C57BL/6 mice with ovalbumin (...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Li X,Huang L,Wang N,Yi H,Wang H

更新日期：2018-03-15 00:00:00