G-protein(S), G alpha q/G alpha 11, in the olfactory neuroepithelium of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is altered by the herbicide, dichlobenil.

abstract：:Immunotoxicology originated in the early 1970s, when scientists began investigating chemicals. During the 1970s and early 1980s, a few investigators determined that chemicals were immunotoxic, developed and/or refined immunoassays, and began to characterize immunotoxic responses. In the 1980s, many new investigators e...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Koller LD

更新日期：2001-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Short term exposure of cultured chick ganglia nerve fibers and neuroglia to selenite produced half maximal inhibitory growth effects in concentrations of 6.2 (2.9--13.0) X 10(-5) M and 1.1 (0.7--1.7) X 10(-4) M, respectively. Complete inhibition of growth for both cell types was apparent at 1 X 10(-3) M, while slight ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Obersteiner EJ,Sharma RP

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:LoVo adenocarcinoma cells are fairly sensitive to cytostatic drugs, e.g. doxorubicin, but can develop drug resistance by expression of a P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR1 phenotype. LoVo cells respond with apoptosis to nanomolar concentrations of okadaic acid and micromolar concentrations of cantharidic acid. Interestingly...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sieder S,Richter E,Becker K,Heins R,Steinfelder HJ

更新日期：1999-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater arsenic contamination has become a serious global concern due to its adverse effects on human health. Arsenic-induced reactive oxygen species trigger oxidative stress inside mitochondria, which initiate a cascade of events including altered mitochondrial (mt) membrane potential, uncoupling of electron tran...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sanyal T,Bhattacharjee P,Bhattacharjee S,Bhattacharjee P

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because it had been suggested that alpha-tocopherol might protect protein thiols (PSH) from oxidation, we were interested in determining if alpha-tocopherol could prevent or mitigate nitrofurantoin-induced changes in the glutathione (GSH) or PSH status of the liver. Isolated rat livers were perfused in the single pass...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hoener B,Hjalmarson AC

更新日期：1991-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:CI-959 is an orally effective inhibitor of cellular activation in both in vitro and animal models. To assess the effects of CI-959 on immune function, male Fischer 344 rats were evaluated for splenic T- and B-lymphocyte populations, antibody-forming cell response to sheep red blood cells (sRBC), concanavalin A and pok...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bleavins MR,de la Iglesia FA,McCay JA,White KL Jr,Munson AE

更新日期：1995-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicity studies with drugs in animals are performed to establish the toxicity profile including the no-toxic-effect-level in the animals. One of the responses used in the search for effects is organ weight. Since organ weight is related to body weight of the animal, the analysis of organ weight has to be adjusted. A ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Andersen H,Larsen S,Spliid H,Christensen ND

更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is associated with numerous adverse health effects. Although the main route of exposure to PCBs is through the gastrointestinal tract, little is known about the contribution of the gut to the health effects of PCBs. We hypothesize that PCBs can disrupt intestinal integrity,...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Choi JJ,Choi YJ,Chen L,Zhang B,Eum SY,Abreu MT,Toborek M

更新日期：2012-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult female F-344 rats were trained (avoidance rate > 70%) over four days with a coupled tone- (n = 10 rats/dose) or 2 ppm acetaldehyde-cued (n = 6 rats/dose) foot shock paradigm. Rats were gavaged with chloroform dissolved in corn oil for 5 days/week for 3 week at 0 or 400 (tone-cued) or 0, 34, 100, or 400 (odor-cue...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Dorman DC,Miller KL,D'Antonio A,James RA,Morgan KT

更新日期：1997-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) particles have been shown to exhibit strong cytotoxicity when exposed to UVA radiation, but are regarded as a biocompatible material in the absence of photoactivation. In contrast to this concept, the present results indicate that anatase-sized (10 and 20 nm) TiO(2) particles in the...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gurr JR,Wang AS,Chen CH,Jan KY

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the biological effects of terbium (Tb), male mice were intraperitoneally administered with TbCl3 at doses of 10, 50, or 250 mg Tb/kg. The Tb distribution in organs was determined after 18-20 h of injection by using a spectrofluorometer. The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn in various organs were det...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Shinohara A,Chiba M

更新日期：1991-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA), is an artificial estrogen initially produced for medical purposes but is today widely used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Exposure-related reproductive disorders have been found, but recently it has also been suggested that BPA may be involved in obesity, diabetes, myocardial hypertroph...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ljunggren SA,Iggland M,Rönn M,Lind L,Lind PM,Karlsson H

更新日期：2016-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Though, oxidative stress has been implicated in silica nanoparticles induced toxicity both in vitro and in vivo, but no similarities exist regarding dose-response relationship. This discrepancy may, partly, be due to associated impurities of trace metals that may present in varying amounts. Here, cytotoxicity and oxid...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Akhtar MJ,Ahamed M,Kumar S,Siddiqui H,Patil G,Ashquin M,Ahmad I

更新日期：2010-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytochrome P-450 enzymes are responsible for the oxidation of xenobiotic chemicals including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens. These enzymes include cytochrome P450, cytochrome b(5), arylhydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (AHH), NADPH-cytochrome C reductase and dimethylnitrosamine N-demethylase I (DMN-dI)....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sheweita SA,El-Gabar MA,Bastawy M

更新日期：2001-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an inhibitor of phenol-sulfotransferases and has been used to ascertain the role of sulfation in toxicology. Recently, molybdate has been shown to inhibit the sulfation of various chemicals by decreasing hepatic concentrations of the cosubstrate, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Boles JW,Klaassen CD

更新日期：2000-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Gambogic acid (GA), a major active component of gamboge, exhibits potent anticancer activity in many kinds of cancer cells. However, the anticancer mechanism of GA is not clearly understood. Here we showed that GA could cause growth inhibition, induce the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human chronic my...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Li R,Chen Y,Zeng LL,Shu WX,Zhao F,Wen L,Liu Y

更新日期：2009-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Aconitine (ACO) is a highly toxic diterpenoid alkaloid and known to exert the immunomodulatory action. However, whether it has any effects on ion currents in immune cells remains unknown. The effects of ACO and other related compounds on ion currents in Jurkat T-lymphocytes were investigated in this study. ACO suppres...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wu SN,Chen BS,Lo YC

更新日期：2011-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic (iAs) and its metabolites are transferred to the foetus through the placental barrier and this exposure can compromise the normal development of the unborn. For this reason, we assessed the toxicity of sodium arsenite (iAs(III)) and its metabolites dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)), monomethylarsonic aci...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ferrario D,Croera C,Brustio R,Collotta A,Bowe G,Vahter M,Gribaldo L

更新日期：2008-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlordecone (CD) impairs biliary excretion of organic anions (including phenolphthalein glucuronide (PG), imipramine polar metabolites, and taurocholate) without evidence of hepatocellular necrosis in rats. In this study we investigated the hypothesis that CD-induced hepatobiliary dysfunction is dependent on CD concen...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rochelle LG,Curtis LR

更新日期：1994-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to a variety of cultured cells may alter their ability to proliferate and die. In a previous study we demonstrated that TCDD induced proliferation in Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells where no signs of apoptosis were observed, but herein, analysis o...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fiorito F,Ciarcia R,Granato GE,Marfe G,Iovane V,Florio S,De Martino L,Pagnini U

更新日期：2011-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty adult ewes underwent common surgery and following recovery were exposed to 1% carbon monoxide (CO) for 2 h. Ten of these sheep were randomly selected for treatment with haem oxygenase (HO) and nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) blockers. All sheep were killed 5 days later. The CO exposure was narcotic and EEG freque...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gorman D,Lin HY,Williams C

更新日期：2005-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats exposed by inhalation to 3-trifluoromethylpyridine (3-FMP) for 10, 30 or 90 days showed an unusual response in the nasal passages. Focal histological change including reduction in the number of cell layers, disorganisation, vacuolation and minimal necrosis was confined to the olfactory epithelium. Axon bundles an...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gaskell BA,Hext PM,Pigott GH,Hodge MC,Tinston DJ

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the biological and toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), dioxin-like compounds (DLC) as well as some drugs and endogenous tryptophan metabolites. Short-term activation of AhR can lead to hepatocellular s...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Oshida K,Vasani N,Thomas RS,Applegate D,Gonzalez FJ,Aleksunes LM,Klaassen CD,Corton JC

更新日期：2015-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell death triggers the release into extracellular spaces of products of chromatin catabolism, particularly of DNA. A sensitive DNA assay has been used to investigate in the mouse whether the quantitation of plasma DNA may be used as an index of in vivo cytotoxicity. It has been found that toxic doses of bacterial lip...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bret L,Lulé J,Alary C,Appolinaire-Pilipenko S,Pourrat JP,Fournié GJ

更新日期：1990-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Dental resin systems have been in use for several decades. (Meth)acrylic monomers are an important part of the matrix system and are either based on BPA while others lack the BPA core. The degree of conversion during restoration is in general between 50-70 % allowing leaching from unreacted monomers to the oral cavity...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Vervliet P,Den Plas JV,De Nys S,Duca RC,Boonen I,Elskens M,Van Landuyt KL,Covaci A

更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Toluene is a widely abused inhaled solvent. This study was designed to determine whether toluene abuse affects the reproductive functions or general health of males. Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to toluene vapor inhalation (0, 4000, or 6000 ppm; 2 h/day) daily for 5 weeks. Exposure-related supp...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ono A,Kawashima K,Sekita K,Hirose A,Ogawa Y,Saito M,Naito K,Yasuhara K,Kaneko T,Furuya T,Inoue T,Kurokawa Y

更新日期：1999-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Static and rotary cultures of adult rabbit hepatocytes can be produced reproducibly following their isolation by means of a simplified, inexpensive recycling perfusion system. Light and electron microscopic examination of the cultures showed that these hepatocytes retained the morphological characteristics of fully di...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Poole A,Chasseaud LF,Bridges JW

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bioavailability of coplanar 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and nonplanar 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) from soils representing a range in organic carbon (OC), clay content and pH were investigated using an in vivo rat model and an in vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) to assess th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Pu X,Lee LS,Galinsky RE,Carlson GP

更新日期：2006-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate the maternal exposure effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its metabolite aflatoxin M1, which is transferred into milk, on postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were provided a diet containing AFB1 at 0, 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 ppm from gestational day 6 to day 21 after delivery on weani...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tanaka T,Mizukami S,Hasegawa-Baba Y,Onda N,Sugita-Konishi Y,Yoshida T,Shibutani M

更新日期：2015-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (DME) can lead to severe toxicity or therapeutic failure of pharmacotherapy. Additionally, genetically determined differences in the activity of the metabolic enzymes can increase an individual's susceptibility to certain types of chemically induced cancers and possibl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bourian M,Gullstén H,Legrum W

更新日期：2000-04-03 00:00:00