Abstract:
:Rats exposed by inhalation to 3-trifluoromethylpyridine (3-FMP) for 10, 30 or 90 days showed an unusual response in the nasal passages. Focal histological change including reduction in the number of cell layers, disorganisation, vacuolation and minimal necrosis was confined to the olfactory epithelium. Axon bundles and the olfactory bulb were unaffected but there was loss of PAS staining affinity in Bowman's glands. The onset of the lesion showed a very steep dose-relationship approximating a quantal response; no effects were seen after 90 days exposure to 0.1 ppm but the changes were fully developed after 30 days exposure to 0.5 ppm. There was no marked progression with either increased exposure concentrations (up to 329 ppm) or with increased duration of exposure (10-90 days). The respiratory epithelium was generally unaffected apart from a mild irritant response seen only after 90 days. Exposures also resulted in a response in the liver. Centrilobular and midzonal vacuolation was observed at 10 and 30 days following exposures at or above 5 ppm 3-FMP and the severity increased with concentration. The lesion regressed with time even when exposure continued and only minimal changes were evident after 90 days, probably indicating an adaptive response. This work demonstrates the high organ specificity of 3-FMP, particularly for the olfactory epithelium.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Gaskell BA,Hext PM,Pigott GH,Hodge MC,Tinston DJdoi
10.1016/0300-483x(88)90121-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-06-01 00:00:00pages
57-68issue
1eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
0300-483X(88)90121-7journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::To investigate mechanisms of chemical-induced congenital heart defects (CHD) we have developed a rat model using dimethadione (DMO), the N-demethylated metabolite of the anticonvulsant, trimethadione (TMD). Dosing pregnant rats with 300mg/kg DMO every 12h from the evening of gestational day (GD) 8 until the morning of...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.10.014
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Groundwater arsenic contamination has become a serious global concern due to its adverse effects on human health. Arsenic-induced reactive oxygen species trigger oxidative stress inside mitochondria, which initiate a cascade of events including altered mitochondrial (mt) membrane potential, uncoupling of electron tran...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2018.06.012
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines for evaluating organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) require the observation of dosed animals over several days and the sacrifice of 48 hens. Adhering to these protocols in tests with enantiomers is difficult because lar...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.12.004
更新日期:2012-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Technical pentabrominated diphenyl ether (pentaBDE mix) is a mixture of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) which has been widely used as a flame retardant. Since its ban in several countries it has been replaced by other brominated flame retardants such as hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). Both certain PBDE congeners...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.07.009
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haptens are classified as low molecular chemicals with an intrinsic potential to covalently modify proteins, and many of them are strong inducers of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). CHS is T cell mediated, and hapten-specific T cells have been shown to interact with hapten-modified, MHC-associated peptides. However, th...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.12.015
更新日期:2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The safety of an açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp enriched fruit and berry juice, MonaVie Active®, fortified with the functional ingredient, glucosamine, was studied. The beverage was found not to be mutagenic, clastogenic, cytotoxic, or genotoxic, as determined by the bacterial reverse mutation assay, chromosomal a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2010.04.017
更新日期:2010-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::In inhalation chambers, male Wistar rats of the strain TNO-W74 were continuously exposed to submicron aerosols of sodium dichromate and to a pyrolyzed Cr(VI)/Cr(III) (3:2) oxide mixture. The sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) aerosol had the chromium concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 micrograms/m3, the chromium oxide mixture...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(86)90011-9
更新日期:1986-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of cis-dichlorodiammine platinum II to cause chromosomal aberrations in rats and dominant lethality in mice was studied. Five daily intraperitoneal doses ranging from 0.25 to 2.00 mg/kg/day failed to result in the observance of dominant lethal mutations in mice. Intraperitoneal doses of 0.13 and 0.52 mg/kg...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(80)90027-x
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reviews current understanding of mechanisms of biotransformation of organophosphorus compounds (OPC). The first part of this article covers chemical aspects of biotransformation describing reactions that lead to activation or detoxication of OPC. The second part explains biochemical mechanisms of biotransfo...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00463-2
更新日期:2001-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The histogenesis of coumarin-induced cholangiofibrosis in the rat has been determined. Proliferation of ductal structures was preceded by extensive damage to hepatocytes in the centrilobular region. Focal proliferation of ducts and fibrous tissue was present at 3 months and typical areas of cholangiofibrosis at 6 mont...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(89)90187-x
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) consumption on trace element metabolism, components of the antioxidant defense system and lipid oxidative damage were studied in control (CON) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (DIAB) rats. Ten days after injection, CON and DIAB rats received either 0 mM NaVO3/80 mM NaCl (0 ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90096-b
更新日期:1993-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of chromium (Cr) salts to increase metallothionein (MT) levels in rat liver, kidney and pancreas, and its relationship with the presence of toxic effects are reported here. Rats were injected subcutaneously with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 mg K2Cr2O7/kg and sacrificed 24 h later. Total Cr accumulation followe...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(99)00130-4
更新日期:2000-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The potential of single, toxic doses of fenitrothion (O,O-dimethyl O-(4-nitro-m-tolyl)phosphorothioate) to elicit delayed neurotoxicity in the adult White Leghorn hen was compared to the effects produced following similar treatment with the known neurotoxin, tri-o-tolyl phosphate (TOTP). Hens (2.0-2.5 kg body wt) rece...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(86)90185-x
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Certain derivatives of p-phenylenediamine have been shown to cause necrosis of cardiac and skeletal muscle in rats; in vitro, such compounds are known to autoxidize to the corresponding radical cations, with concomitant formation of oxygen free-radicals. In the present study, the autoxidation rates of p-phenylenediami...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(89)90118-2
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silicosis is a universal occupational disease, which is caused by long-term crystalline silica exposure. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs participate in diverse pathological cellular pathways. However, the precise regulation mechanism remains limited in silicosis. Here, we established a silica-induced mou...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2021.152683
更新日期:2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury is one of the major heavy metal pollutants occurring in elemental, inorganic and organic forms. Due to ban on most inorganic mercury containing products, human exposure to mercury generally occurs as methylmercury (MeHg) by consumption of contaminated fish and other sea food. Animal and epidemiological studies...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.006
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to monitor the effect of the procedures required to s.c. implant osmotic pumps into rats on plasma thyroid and testosterone hormone levels, male Fischer 344 rats (8-10 weeks old) were divided into six groups of 10 rats and the groups treated in the following manner: (1) controls housed 5 per cage; (2) control...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)02874-t
更新日期:1995-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::The chlorinated acetic acids, in particular dichloroacetic acid (DCA), are found as chlorine disinfection by-products in finished drinking water supplies. DCA has previously been demonstrated to be a mouse liver carcinogen. Chronic studies are described in which male Fischer (F344) rats were exposed to DCA in their dr...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03510-x
更新日期:1996-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::p-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) is widely used as a moth repellent and a space deodorant. In mice pretreated with DL-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO; 2 mmol/kg or higher doses, i.p.), an inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, administration of p-DCB (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in dose-dependent hepatotoxicity as judged by...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90028-0
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been an intensive debate whether dietary exposure to acrylamide could increase the risk of human cancer since the first description of the presence of acrylamide in food in 2002. As the intestinal mechanisms of acrylamide absorption are poorly investigated we studied the transport of acrylamide in differenti...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.12.014
更新日期:2007-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::The measurement of haemoglobin (Hb) adducts is an important tool for monitoring exposures to industrial chemicals such as ethylene, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The aim of the present study was to use this method to monitor occupational exposure to butadiene. The methodology was evaluated with Hb samples obtain...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(96)03435-x
更新日期:1996-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::The UDS induction assay with primary hepatocytes as the target cells is a determinative assay for chemical carcinogens. This assay is, however, limited to the availability of freshly prepared liver cells. A cryopreservation technique for liver cells has recently been described. Frozen cells have been shown to retain a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00190-6
更新日期:2000-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::The role of nitric oxide (NO) in acute renal failure (ARF) is debatable. In the present study, we investigated the effect of acute administration of NO donor, Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), L-Arginine (L-Arg) and NO synthase inhibitor, N(omega)-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in Fe-NTA induced renal toxicity. Rats were ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.01.009
更新日期:2007-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) particles have been shown to exhibit strong cytotoxicity when exposed to UVA radiation, but are regarded as a biocompatible material in the absence of photoactivation. In contrast to this concept, the present results indicate that anatase-sized (10 and 20 nm) TiO(2) particles in the...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.007
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The in vivo effects of sodium cyanide and its antidotes, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate and 4-dimethylaminophenol (DMAP), as well as the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent phentolamine, on rat brain cytochrome oxidase were studied. The course of inhibition was time-dependent and a peak of 40% was attained between 15 ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(92)90018-a
更新日期:1992-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Choice behavior of rats in a radially symmetrical 6-arm maze, without food reward, was validated for assessing changes in learning and memory following treatment with 4 psychoactive agents. The test is designed for future use in routine toxicity studies with laboratory rodents. Each radial main arm of the maze leads t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90028-5
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (DEHA) have been compared in female F344 rats and female B6C3F1 mice fed diets containing 0-4.0% DEHA and 0-2.5% DEHA, respectively, for periods of 1, 4 and 13 weeks. In both the rat and mouse treatment with DEHA at all time points produced a dose-dependent increase in relative ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(97)00125-x
更新日期:1997-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorpyrifos (CPF) has been widely used around the world as a pesticide for both agricultural and residential application. Although various studies have reported toxicity and health-related effects from CPF exposure, the molecular mechanism of CPF toxicity to skin has not been well-characterized. The present study det...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.09.006
更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metals, such as iron and manganese, are involved in neurologic disease. Most often these diseases are associated with abnormal environmental exposures or abnormal accumulations of heavy metals in the body. There is increasing recognition that heavy metals normally present in the body also may play a role in dise...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)02962-t
更新日期:1995-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Studies showed that certain cytotoxicity assays were not suitable for assessing nanoparticle (NP) toxicity. We evaluated a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay for assessing copper (Cu-40, 40nm), silver (Ag-35, 35nm; Ag-40, 40nm), and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)-25, 25nm) NPs by examining their potential to inactivate LDH a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.06.011
更新日期:2011-09-05 00:00:00