Effects of molybdate and pentachlorophenol on the sulfation of acetaminophen.

abstract：:Chronic ethanol intake affects various organ systems of the body. The present study evaluated modifications of fatty acid concentrations both in brain and striated skeletal muscles of rats genetically selected for voluntary high ethanol intake. Three groups of rats were tracked for 10 weeks of access to ethanol only a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Berrettini M,Fedeli D,Falcioni G,Bevilacqua C,Massi M,Polidori C

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased antigen-specific IgE expression is a hallmark of the allergic response in mice. IgG1 may also be involved. Co-injection of mice with diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and ovalbumin three times over a 2 week period lead to a rapid and marked elevation of ovalbumin-specific IgE, IgG1 and also IgG2a, compared with...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Heo Y,Saxon A,Hankinson O

更新日期：2001-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most common chronic interstitial lung diseases with high mortality rate after diagnosis and limited successful treatment. The present study was designed to assess the potential antifibrotic effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and whether TQ can attenuate the severity of oxidative stress and in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： El-Khouly D,El-Bakly WM,Awad AS,El-Mesallamy HO,El-Demerdash E

更新日期：2012-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Since clotrimazole, known as an antifungal drug, exerts diverse actions on cellular functions, it is expected that clotrimazole can be used for other purposes. This antifungal drug protects the cells overloaded with Ca(2+) by A23187, a calcium ionophore. Therefore, the agent may prevent the cells from death induced by...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Oyama TM,Oyama TB,Oyama K,Matsui H,Horimoto K,Nishimura Y,Oyama Y

更新日期：2006-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Liver fibrosis has been reported to be inhibited in vivo by oleanolic and ursolic acids. However, the mechanisms of the action of those triterpenoids are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the antifibrotic potential of other triterpenes, betulin and betulinic acid, and to characteri...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Szuster-Ciesielska A,Plewka K,Daniluk J,Kandefer-Szerszeń M

更新日期：2011-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The overall purpose of this study was to investigate how airborne house dust particles may contribute to an allergic immune response, and thereby also to asthma and other respiratory symptoms. The following aims were set: first, to quantify and characterize indoor suspended particulate matter (SPM) with regard to amou...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ormstad H

更新日期：2000-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:BHK21 fibroblastic cells were exposed in vitro to lead microparticles produced by pyrolysis of the organic lead used as an antiknock agent in gasoline. Although non-cytolethal, 10 micrograms of lead/10(6) cells rapidly inhibited cell growth kinetics as well as [3H]thymidine and L-[3H]leucine incorporation by the BHK21...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Dubreuil A,Hollande E,Bouley G,Boudene C

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Salmonella mutagenicity assay was utilized to compare hepatic S9 fractions derived from wild and laboratory reared woodchucks (Marmota monax). Two promutagens, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracence (DMBA) and 2-amino-fluorene (AF) were tested at 5 concentrations with the tester strains TA98 and TA100, against 2 levels o...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rashid KA,Babish JG,Mumma RO

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female mice were given nutrient-sufficient, purified diets containing cadmium at either 0.25, 5, or 50 ppm, as described in the accompanying publication. One-half of the females were bred for 6 consecutive 42-day rounds of pregnancy/lactation (PL mice); remaining females were non-pregnant controls (NP mice). PL mice a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bhattacharyya MH,Whelton BD,Peterson DP,Carnes BA,Guram MS,Moretti ES

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vivo effects of sodium cyanide and its antidotes, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate and 4-dimethylaminophenol (DMAP), as well as the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent phentolamine, on rat brain cytochrome oxidase were studied. The course of inhibition was time-dependent and a peak of 40% was attained between 15 ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tadić V

更新日期：1992-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is a multifunctional regulator of cell growth that has either a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, depending on TGF beta concentration and on cell type, history and culture conditions. Cadmium mimics some of the effects of TGF beta in cultured cells. In t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tang N,Enger MD

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to assess the effect of ethanol on cadmium accumulation, metallothionein (MT) synthesis, Cd-binding capacity and lipid peroxidation, rats were administered either Cd, ethanol or their combination for a period of 4 weeks. A significant increase in Cd accumulation was observed in all the organs of rats und...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sharma G,Nath R,Gill KD

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies on the pulmonary retention of benzo[a]pyrene after inhalation have shown that clearance is biphasic, with one component clearing with a half-time greater than 1 day and another with a half-time less than 1 day. In the work reported here we demonstrated that the amount of benzo[a]pyrene instilled in the lungs c...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Medinsky MA,Kampcik SJ

更新日期：1985-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracts from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. belong to the most widely used phytopharmaceuticals. In crude Ginkgo extracts, ginkgolic acids (GA) and related alkylphenols (e.g. cardanols and cardols) have been recognized as hazardous compounds with suspected cytotoxic, allergenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hecker H,Johannisson R,Koch E,Siegers CP

更新日期：2002-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It is reported that gambogic acid (GA), the main active compound of gamboge which is a dry resin extracted from Garcinia hanburyi tree, has potent antitumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. Activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in cancer cells is one effective therapy for cancer treatment. In the present st...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nie F,Zhang X,Qi Q,Yang L,Yang Y,Liu W,Lu N,Wu Z,You Q,Guo Q

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:CI-959 is an orally effective inhibitor of cellular activation in both in vitro and animal models. To assess the effects of CI-959 on immune function, male Fischer 344 rats were evaluated for splenic T- and B-lymphocyte populations, antibody-forming cell response to sheep red blood cells (sRBC), concanavalin A and pok...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bleavins MR,de la Iglesia FA,McCay JA,White KL Jr,Munson AE

更新日期：1995-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Potassium dichromate was given to female Swiss mice (25 mg/kg per day) orally in water for 1-3 days. Brain homogenates were prepared to evaluate the occurrence of oxidative stress in this organ through the measurement of the antioxidant defense levels, and the extent of lipid peroxidation. In addition, mitochondrial f...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Travacio M,María Polo J,Llesuy S

更新日期：2000-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Several different meanings have been attached to the term "chemical sensitivity" by those who use it. Feeling ill from odors is a symptom reported by approximately one-third of the population. The syndrome of chemical sensitivity, frequently called "Multiple Chemical Sensitivity" or "MCS" has been the subject of three...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Miller CS

更新日期：1996-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept that the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (HO) could be generated from an interaction between superoxide (O(2)(-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was proposed (with Joseph Weiss) in Professor Haber's final paper published in 1934. Until it was recognized that free radicals are produced in biological syst...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kehrer JP

更新日期：2000-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficiency of the sodium salt of 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid (DMPS) and meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) to mobilize mercury from tissues has been assessed in rats pretreated with different doses of HgCl2, phenylmercury acetate or exposed to different concentrations of mercury vapors. These pretreatments...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Buchet JP,Lauwerys RR

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trichloroethylene (TCE) produced bronchiolar damage when administered to mice. Administration of 2000 mg/kg caused injury in Clara cells of the bronchiolar epithelium, which was observed at 24 h following TCE treatment; increase of the dosage to 2500 mg/kg induced additionally, alterations in alveolar Type II cells of...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Forkert PG,Sylvestre PL,Poland JS

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:National surveys of United States households and child care centers have demonstrated that pyrethroids are widely distributed in indoor habited dwellings and this suggests that co-exposure to multiple pyrethroids occurs in nonoccupational settings. The purpose of this research was to use an environmentally r...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Starr JM,Graham SE,Ross DG,Tornero-Velez R,Scollon EJ,Devito MJ,Crofton KM,Wolansky MJ,Hughes MF

更新日期：2014-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Although it is well known that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) may cause male reproductive toxicity, less is known on its potential impact on the development of prostate. In this study, from the 12th day in the embryonic period to the 21st day after birth, 4 randomly assigned groups of pregnant mice were exposed to 0, 1, 10, a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Zhang H,Wang L,Shen S,Wang C,Xiang Z,Han X,Li D

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several dicationic amphiphilic compounds, such as the immunomodulator tilorone and analogues, impair the lysosomal catabolism of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Thereby they cause lysosomal GAG storage in rats and in cultured fibroblasts of several species including man. The GAG storage is rather slowly reversibl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bispinck F,Fischer J,Lüllmann-Rauch R,von Witzendorff B

更新日期：1998-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Aniline and its halogenated derivatives are widely used as chemical intermediates. The purpose of this study was to determine the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential of the 2-haloanilines. Male Fischer 344 rats (n > or = 4) were injected (i.p.) with 1.0 or 1.25 mmol/kg of: aniline (A), 2-fluoroaniline (2-FA), 2-chlo...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Valentovic MA,Ball JG,Anestis DK,Beers KW,Madan E,Hubbard JL,Rankin GO

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of human P450-dependent xenobiotic metabolism is carried out by polymorphic enzymes which can cause abolished, quantitatively or qualitatively altered or enhanced metabolism. The latter situation is due to stable duplication, multiduplication or amplification of active genes, most likely in response to di...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ingelman-Sundberg M

更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In urban areas with a predominance of early to mid-20th century housing stock, islands of children possessing blood lead levels (PbB) in excess of CDC guidelines (>10μg/dL) exist. Many of these children are also exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). The current study examined the impact of Pb-exposure (PbB lev...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lutz PM,Kelty EA,Brown TD,Wilson TJ,Brock G,Neal RE

更新日期：2012-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The long-term clinical usefulness of doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline with potent antitumor activity, is limited by DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Kaempferol, one of the most common dietary flavonoids, is known to have anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study aimed to investi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Xiao J,Sun GB,Sun B,Wu Y,He L,Wang X,Chen RC,Cao L,Ren XY,Sun XB

更新日期：2012-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the results of the multiple-dose guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) and the non-radioactive murine local lymph-node assay (LLNA) for various biocides. Thirteen out of 17 positive biocides in the GPMT gave positive results in the LLNA. In the GPMT, the minimum first induction doses ranged over four orders ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yamano T,Shimizu M,Noda T

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since predictive differentiation of photoallergenic from phototoxic reactions, induced by low molecular weight compounds, represents a current problem, we tried to improve the differentiation between the two reactions by using a modified protocol of the local lymph node assay (LLNA). Briefly, groups of female BALB/c m...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ulrich P,Homey B,Vohr HW

更新日期：1998-02-06 00:00:00