Influence of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate and dimercaptosuccinic acid on the mobilization of mercury from tissues of rats pretreated with mercuric chloride, phenylmercury acetate or mercury vapors.

abstract：:There is concern about the growing environmental levels of brominated dioxins. Brominated dioxins are known to bind and activate the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), as their chlorinated congeners do. However, data on the potency of brominated dioxins for immunotoxicity in vivo is largely lacking,...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ao K,Suzuki T,Murai H,Matsumoto M,Nagai H,Miyamoto Y,Tohyama C,Nohara K

更新日期：2009-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of D- and L-T3 were compared in male SK & F Wistar rats to define overall effects on the 'pituitary-thyroid-liver axis' at high doses. After in vivo administration of L-T3 (up to 1 mg/kg orally, or up to 0.1 mg/kg subcutaneously) serum TSH and T4 were decreased in a dose-related manner. Similarly, followin...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jones CA,Brown CG,Dickens TA,Atterwill CK

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate whether the mice treated with triptolide (TP) could disrupt the liver immune homeostasis, resulting in the inability of the liver to eliminate the harmful response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, we explored whether apoptosis and necroptosis played a cr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yuan Z,Zhang H,Hasnat M,Ding J,Chen X,Liang P,Sun L,Zhang L,Jiang Z

更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fischer 344 rats were exposed to filtered air (controls) or to 0.12, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm of ozone for 6 h/day, 5 days/week, for 20 months. We examined lung collagen deposition and metabolism in tissue from these animals to determine whether chronic exposure of rats to ozone causes pulmonary fibrosis. We observed excess st...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Last JA,Gelzleichter T,Harkema J,Parks WC,Mellick P

更新日期：1993-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of pretreatment with the drug mixture (pyridostigmine, benactyzine and trihexyphenidyle), and antidotal treatment (the oxime HI-6 in combination with benactyzine) on respiration, circulation and survival of experimental animals poisoned with supralethal doses of soman (2 x LD50) was investigated in a rat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kassa J,Fusek J

更新日期：1998-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In our previous study, di-n-butyltin diacetate has been shown to cause malformations such as cleft mandible, ankyloglossia, fused ribs, etc. in rat fetuses after oral treatment of maternal rats on day 8 of gestation. In this study, teratogenic effects of five di-n-butyltin compounds with different anions and also buty...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Noda T,Morita S,Baba A

更新日期：1993-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) is an efflux transporter that participates in the biliary and renal excretion of drugs and environmental chemicals. Recent evidence suggests that pharmacological activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) can up-regulate the hepatic expression...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Eldasher LM,Wen X,Little MS,Bircsak KM,Yacovino LL,Aleksunes LM

更新日期：2013-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy metal neurotoxicity is one of the major challenges in today's era due to the large scale and widespread mechanisation of the production. However, the causative factors responsible for neurotoxicity are neither known nor do we have the availability of therapeutic approaches to deal with it. One of the major causa...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Namgyal D,Ali S,Mehta R,Sarwat M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clarifying the participation of oxidative stress among possible contributing factors in potassium bromate (KBrO(3))-induced carcinogenesis is of importance from the perspective of human health protection. In the present study, utilizing the antioxidative effects of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TP) or sodium ascorbic acid (...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Umemura T,Tasaki M,Kijima A,Okamura T,Inoue T,Ishii Y,Suzuki Y,Masui N,Nohmi T,Nishikawa A

更新日期：2009-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The scandal of melamine-contamination has not been quite blown out, since the toxicity of melamine continues to raise concerns for public health. It has been well known that fetus and infant periods play the most important roles in brain development, whereas little has been done on the harmful effects of melamine on t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yang J,An L,Yao Y,Yang Z,Zhang T

更新日期：2011-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade, several assessments have estimated the carcinogenic risk of inhaled 1,3-butadiene (BD) to the general population as well as for occupational exposures. Although most of the risk assessments have been based on inhalation bioassays in mice, some of the assessments have included the 2-year inhalat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cagen SZ,MacDonald RL,Van Gelder G

更新日期：1996-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the role of miRNAs in DNA damage response in HepG2 cells following exposure to 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). The arylamine 4-ABP is a human carcinogen. Using the Comet assay, we showed that 4-ABP (18.75-300μM) induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells after 24h. DNA damage signaling pathway-based PCR arrays were used t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Huan LC,Wu JC,Chiou BH,Chen CH,Ma N,Chang CY,Tsen YK,Chen SC

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The histogenesis of coumarin-induced cholangiofibrosis in the rat has been determined. Proliferation of ductal structures was preceded by extensive damage to hepatocytes in the centrilobular region. Focal proliferation of ducts and fibrous tissue was present at 3 months and typical areas of cholangiofibrosis at 6 mont...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Evans JG,Appleby EC,Lake BG,Conning DM

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies showed that certain cytotoxicity assays were not suitable for assessing nanoparticle (NP) toxicity. We evaluated a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay for assessing copper (Cu-40, 40nm), silver (Ag-35, 35nm; Ag-40, 40nm), and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)-25, 25nm) NPs by examining their potential to inactivate LDH a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Han X,Gelein R,Corson N,Wade-Mercer P,Jiang J,Biswas P,Finkelstein JN,Elder A,Oberdörster G

更新日期：2011-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of selected aluminum-hydroxypyridinone (Al-HP complexes were determined in rats to better understand the relationship between their disposition and elimination parameters and the safety of HPs in the chelation therapy of Al intoxication. Five complexes were administered as i.v. bolus doses of Al-H...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Allen DD,Orvig C,Yokel RA

更新日期：1994-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Envenoming by the pitviper Bothrops jararacussu produces cardiovascular alterations, including coagulopathy, systemic hemorrhage, hypotension, circulatory shock and renal failure. In this work, we examined the activity of this venom in rat isolated right atria. Incubation with venom (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mg/ml) cau...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rodrigues MA,Dias L,Rennó AL,Sousa NC,Smaal A,da Silva DA,Hyslop S

更新日期：2014-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic pyrethroids are one of the most frequently and widely used class of insecticides, primarily because they have a higher insect to mammalian toxicity ratio than organochlorines or organophosphates. The basic structure of pyrethroids can be characterized as an acid joined to an alcohol by an ester bond. Pyrethr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Laffin B,Chavez M,Pine M

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunotoxicology originated in the early 1970s, when scientists began investigating chemicals. During the 1970s and early 1980s, a few investigators determined that chemicals were immunotoxic, developed and/or refined immunoassays, and began to characterize immunotoxic responses. In the 1980s, many new investigators e...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Koller LD

更新日期：2001-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most common chronic interstitial lung diseases with high mortality rate after diagnosis and limited successful treatment. The present study was designed to assess the potential antifibrotic effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and whether TQ can attenuate the severity of oxidative stress and in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： El-Khouly D,El-Bakly WM,Awad AS,El-Mesallamy HO,El-Demerdash E

更新日期：2012-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We had previously demonstrated that 1 mM 2,4-D inhibited cell growth, nucleic acid synthesis and protein synthesis (at the ribosomal level) of Azospirillum brasilense. These alterations were prevented by the presence of polyamines in the culture medium. On the other hand, polyamines did not affect the 2,4-D uptake. In...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Mori G,Fabra A,Castro S,Rivarola V,Giordano W,Balegno H

更新日期：1995-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds (e.g. chromates) are strong oxidants that readily enter cells where they are reduced to reactive Cr intermediates that can directly oxidize some cell components and can promote the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Inhalation is a major route of exposure which d...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Myers JM,Antholine WE,Myers CR

更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common clinical phenomena observed in human newborns. To achieve effective therapeutic treatment, numerous studies have been done to determine the molecular mechanisms of bilirubin-induced neuronal excitotoxicity. However, there is no conclusive evidence for the involvement of glu...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Li CY,Shi HB,Song NY,Yin SK

更新日期：2011-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of iodoacetic acid, a non-phorbol tumor promoter, on metabolic cooperation between mutant human fibroblasts as measured by [14C]citrulline incorporation. Other thiol-reactive polyphenolic compounds such as hydroquinone and 2-hydroxyestrone were also examined. 12-...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Si EC,Pfeifer RW,Yim GK

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown that magnesium, unlike calcium, prevents cadmium carcinogenesis at the subcutaneous injection site, and that neither magnesium nor calcium has any significant influence on the production of testicular tumors by cadmium in rats. The present investigation attempts to disclose the nature of th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kasprzak KS,Poirier LA

更新日期：1985-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic rat mutation assays can be used to assess genotoxic properties of chemicals in target organs for carcinogenicity. Mutations in transgenes are genetically neutral and accumulate during a treatment period; thus, assays are suitable for assessing the genotoxic risk of chemicals using a repeated-dose treatment ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kawamura Y,Hayashi H,Masumura K,Numazawa S,Nohmi T

更新日期：2014-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Phthalate esters belong to a large class of compounds known as peroxisome proliferators (PP). PP include chemicals that activate different subtypes of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family. The ability of phthalate esters and their metabolites to activate responses through different PPAR subtype...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lapinskas PJ,Brown S,Leesnitzer LM,Blanchard S,Swanson C,Cattley RC,Corton JC

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CI-959 is an orally effective inhibitor of cellular activation in both in vitro and animal models. To assess the effects of CI-959 on immune function, male Fischer 344 rats were evaluated for splenic T- and B-lymphocyte populations, antibody-forming cell response to sheep red blood cells (sRBC), concanavalin A and pok...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bleavins MR,de la Iglesia FA,McCay JA,White KL Jr,Munson AE

更新日期：1995-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive component of marijuana, is known to exert cytotoxicity in immune cells. In the present study, we examined the cytotoxicity of Δ⁸-THC in mouse macrophage J774-1 cells and a possible involvement of cannabinoid receptors and stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases (M...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yamaori S,Ishii H,Chiba K,Yamamoto I,Watanabe K

更新日期：2013-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) is biofuel additive recently used in Japan and some other countries. Limited evidence shows that ETBE has low toxicity. Acetaldehyde (AA), however, as one primary metabolite of ETBE, is clearly genotoxic and has been considered to be a potential carcinogen. The aim of this study was t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Weng Z,Suda M,Ohtani K,Mei N,Kawamoto T,Nakajima T,Wang RS

更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were exposed to 1.5 +/- 0.1 mg ozone/m3 for 4 days and the activities of glucose-6-P dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) were measured in the cytosolic fraction of lungs from exposed and control rats. Enzyme activities were also measured in isolated alveolar macrop...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rietjens IM,Van Bree L,Marra M,Poelen MC,Rombout PJ,Alink GM

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00