Abstract:
:Potassium dichromate was given to female Swiss mice (25 mg/kg per day) orally in water for 1-3 days. Brain homogenates were prepared to evaluate the occurrence of oxidative stress in this organ through the measurement of the antioxidant defense levels, and the extent of lipid peroxidation. In addition, mitochondrial fractions were isolated from brain homogenates to determine the production of reactive oxygen species in this subcellular fraction. The administration of potassium dichromate for 3 days caused increases of 72 and 74% in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, respectively, in the homogenates. The treatment with this metal for 3 days increased brain homogenate chemiluminescence and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances by 34 and 29%, respectively. The brain contents of the non-enzymatic antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and sulfhydryl groups decreased by 35 and 32%, respectively. Ascorbic acid levels were not modified by the administration of potassium dichromate. Finally, there was a significant increment in the mitochondrial production of oxidants in the brain of treated mice as compared with controls. These results suggest that chromium(VI) produces an increased formation of reactive oxygen species and brain lipid peroxidation. The increase in the antioxidant enzyme activities reflects an adaptive response against oxidative stress, while the reduction in the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants might be due to their reaction with reactive oxygen species generated during the metabolism of chromium(VI).
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Travacio M,María Polo J,Llesuy Sdoi
10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00254-7keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-07 00:00:00pages
137-46issue
1-3eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
S0300483X00002547journal_volume
150pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::In several separate experiments neonatal rats were intubated daily with 9, 27 or 81 mg lead acetate/kg of body weight throughout their 3-week postnatal period of development. Based on average body weights, the total daily lead intake was 0.156, 0.454 or 1.384 mg lead per animal, respectively (in addition to normal lea...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(75)90115-8
更新日期:1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing body of data has been demonstrating that mammalian cells have elaborate networks of molecular signalling in counteracting heat shock and in developing adaptation to oxidative stress to avoid cell death. However, the precise mechanisms linking heat shock, oxidative stress and cell survival/cell death mech...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.028
更新日期:2006-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of daily subcutaneously applied 500 mg/kg N-methylformamide (NMF) during a period of 8 days in female CD-mice was ameliorated when 100 mg/kg sodium ascorbate, 60 mg/kg menadione bisulfite or 80 mg/kg pyridoxal hydrochloride were applied simultaneously. The comparison of the daily s.c. application of 360 m...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(87)90008-4
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread use of tributyltin (TBT) as biocides in antifouling paints and agricultural chemicals has led to environmental and marine pollution. Human exposure occurs mainly through TBT contaminated seafood and drinking water. It is a well known endocrine disruptor in mammals, but its molecular mechanism in testicu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.09.003
更新日期:2013-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that excess dietary Al during development can affect neurobehavioral measures and decrease tissue Mn of 21-day-old weanling mice without a corresponding increase in tissue Al concentrations. Al and Mn have similar tissue concentrations and similar affinities for transferrin, which is the ma...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90154-k
更新日期:1993-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Cruciferous vegetable consumption correlates with reduced risk of cancer. This chemopreventative activity may involve glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products. Glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates have been studied for their toxicity and chemopreventative properties, but other hydrolysis products (epithionitriles...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.002
更新日期:2015-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::The intravenous LD50 of cefuroxime sodium for mice was 10.4 g/kg. The maximum dosage administered in other acute toxicity tests was well tolerated by mice (10 g/kg, subcutaneous), by rats (4 g/kg, intravenous, 5 g/kg, subcutaneous) and by cats, dogs and monkeys (2 g/kg, intramuscularly). Cefuroxime sodium was administ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(79)80003-7
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myopathy is among the well documented and the most disturbing adverse effects of statins. The underlying mechanism is still unknown. Mitochondrial dysfunction related to coenzyme Q10 decline is one of the proposed theories. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of atorvastatin-induced myopathy in rats. ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::p-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) is widely used as a moth repellent and a space deodorant. In mice pretreated with DL-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO; 2 mmol/kg or higher doses, i.p.), an inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, administration of p-DCB (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in dose-dependent hepatotoxicity as judged by...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90028-0
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To check the possible toxicity risks of the meat from swine fed with a residue producing feed additive: Carbadox, a new methodology was used. It is the "Relay Toxicity". Swine were fed with a high dose of the additive and sacrificed without any withdrawal. In such conditions meat contains a high level of residues. The...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(78)91039-9
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal rat hearts were separated into separate cultures of beating myocytes (M cells), endothelial cells (E cells) and fibroblasts (F cells). Their susceptibilities to the toxic effects of emetine, chloroquine and metronidazole were then compared using a quantitative metabolic inhibition test (QMIT) and morphologic ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(84)90066-0
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Carbamates physostigmine and pyridostigmine have been used as a pretreatment against poisoning with nerve agents in order to reversibly inhibit and thus protect from irreversible inhibition a portion of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in brain and respiratory muscles that is crucial for survival. Memantine, an a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2019.01.012
更新日期:2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The prime factors influencing survivability from 10 major fire-related public transport aircraft accidents were assessed. Regulatory requirements were assessed against derived criteria and alternate concepts evaluated to identify a preferred strategy for enhanced survival; the provision of passenger protective breathi...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03494-4
更新日期:1996-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::A qualitative assessment of developmental toxicity within a series of 12 structurally related compounds, 11 of which were active dopamine mimetics and one was inactive, was conducted in rats treated orally by gavage during the major period of organogenesis. Doses were chosen where possible to be equipotent in terms of...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(92)90189-l
更新日期:1992-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of low doses of (S)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1R)-cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate (Roussel UCLAF, Paris, France), (deltamethrin) upon sympathetic-adrenomedullary and pituitary-adrenocortical activity were investigated in rats by measuring plasma noradrenaline (NA), adrenalin...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90007-8
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are exogenous substances or xenoestrogens natural or synthetic, capable of interacting with different systems and altering their normal hormonal regulation, being the reproductive system one of the most affected. EDs produce their effects not only by acting on nuclear steroid receptors, but ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.05.014
更新日期:2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::This review deals with some of our contributions to the use of chemotaxis, as a tool in evaluating effects of industrial xenobiotics on PMN, either in vitro or ex vivo. In vitro experiments have shown that lead, arsenic, styrene and 2,5-hexanedione, a major neurotoxicant metabolite of n-hexane, reduce chemotaxis. The ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90142-2
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Life-threatening acute lung injury potentially occurs following high-level accidental exposures to phosgene gas. This situation was mirrored in rats exposed nose-only at 900-1000 mg phosgene/m(3)min. At this exposure level, previous studies on rats demonstrated sustained reflexively induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::The measurement of haemoglobin (Hb) adducts is an important tool for monitoring exposures to industrial chemicals such as ethylene, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The aim of the present study was to use this method to monitor occupational exposure to butadiene. The methodology was evaluated with Hb samples obtain...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(96)03435-x
更新日期:1996-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Leflunomide, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, has been reported to cause severe liver problems and liver failure; however, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we used multiple approaches including genomic analysis to investigate and characterize the possible molecular mechanisms of t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.10.002
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malthion, DDT, kelthane and their mixture (3 : 10 : 5) were applied to pear fruits at the rate recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture. The rate of disappearance of their residues on pear fruits was investigated under refrigerated conditions (2 +/- 1 degree and 47% relative humidity (RH)). The same insecticides wer...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(75)90094-3
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-DCE), an industrial solvent, proved to be moderately toxic when studied in small laboratory animals. In adult female rats brief (8 h) and prolonged (8 h daily, on 5 consecutive days a week, for more than 16 weeks) inhalation of 200 ppm--the current TLV/MAC in various countries--produced h...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(77)90059-2
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::D-Serine causes selective necrosis to the straight portion of the rat renal proximal tubules. The onset is rapid, occurring within 3-4 h and accompanied by proteinuria, glucosuria and aminoaciduria. The metabolism of D-serine by D-amino acid oxidase (D-AAO) may be involved in the mechanism of toxicity. D-AAO is locali...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.08.008
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Troglitazone is a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent with insulin-sensitizing activities that was withdrawn from the market in 2000 due to its association with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. To address the suspected autoantibody production associated with troglitazone, we investigated autoantibodies in sera from pati...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.07.012
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subacute toxicity of sodium saccharin and 2 hydrolytic derivatives, o-sulfamoylbenzoic acid (Compound I) and ammonium o-carboxybenzene sulfonate (Compound II) was evaluated by feeding each of the compounds alone at a dietary level of 20 000 ppm to both beagle dogs and albino rats. Additionally, groups of dogs and ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(76)90015-9
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials with antidotes are difficult to perform for a variety of practical, ethical, and financial reasons. As acute poisoning is a rare event, the commercial interest in basic and clinical research is low. Poisoned patients are usually not available for normal clinical trial procedures and, if they are, they ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.11.065
更新日期:2007-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Clarification of the key regulatory steps that lead to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) under cellular and pathological conditions is very important. The action of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the upstream of NF-kappaB activation remains controversial. To examine this issue using an in vivo lung in...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.053
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents an overview of issues related to surface water contamination arising from uranium mining activities in the Alligator Rivers Region (ARR) of northern Australia, and a program of research and monitoring that must assess the potential and actual effects on ecosystem and human health. The program of as...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00470-5
更新日期:2002-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl acetate (Penfenate) on hepatic, renal and small intestinal drug-metabolizing enzyme activities, hepatic reduced glutathione content and urinary excretion of thioethers were studied in the rat. A single i.p. dose of Penfenate (500 mg/kg) decreased the body weig...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(83)90028-8
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole body autoradiograms of mice injected with 2,2',3,3',6-[14C]pentachlorobiphenyl (I), 2,3,3',4',6-[14C]pentachlorobiphenyl (II), 2,2',3,5',6-[14C]pentachlorobiphenyl (III) and 2,3',4,5,5'-[14C]pentachlorobiphenyl (IV) showed a specific accumulation of I-III in the lung parenchyma, whereas IV did not accumulate in ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(81)90146-3
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00