Residue analysis of DDT, malathion and kelthane on pears.

abstract：:The influence of the insertion of a liver into the perfusion circuit of a lung on the availability of benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene metabolites to the lung was examined. Perfused lungs from 5,6-benzoflavone pretreated rats release high quantities of free benzo[a]pyrene metabolites and conjugates into the perfusion...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Mollière M,Foth H,Kahl R,Kahl GF

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma, which is primarily an allergic type of respiratory disease, has increased in the U.S. and Europe by 30% over the last decade. Air pollution may play a role in this rise, since during episodes of smog, hospital admissions due to asthma increase. Ambient air quality has generally improved since the Clean Air Act...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gilmour MI

更新日期：1995-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Quartz is a well-known occupational fibrogenic agent able to cause fibrosis and other severe pulmonary diseases such as silicosis and lung cancer. The silicotic pathology owes its severity to the structural and chemo-physical properties of the particles such as shape, size and abundance of surface radicals. In earlier...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Pozzolini M,Vergani L,Ragazzoni M,Delpiano L,Grasselli E,Voci A,Giovine M,Scarfì S

更新日期：2016-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The combined effects of ethyl alcohol (ETOH) intoxication and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning were studied in the Levine-prepared rat. Infusion or injection of ETOH before and during 90 min of CO exposure to blood levels 2-4 times those considered legally drunk in humans, increased survival at 2400 ppm, and extended th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sharma P,Penney DG

更新日期：1990-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were designed to assess the mechanisms of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)-induced changes in thermoregulation of the rat. In one study, male rats of the Long-Evans strain were injected with DFP (s.c.) at doses ranging from 0 to 2.0 mg/kg while maintained at an ambient temperature (Ta) of 20--24 degrees C...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gordon CJ,Fogelson L,Lee L,Highfill J

更新日期：1991-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process during which epithelial polarized cells become motile mesenchymal-appearing cells, which in turn promotes carcinoma invasion and metastasis. Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenolic compound found in grapes, red wine and se...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang H,Zhang H,Tang L,Chen H,Wu C,Zhao M,Yang Y,Chen X,Liu G

更新日期：2013-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic and cadmium are both priority hazardous substances and human carcinogens. Although there is the potential for simultaneous exposure to both metals, the interactions of cadmium and arsenic are not well defined. We examined the toxicity of these metals when given alone or in alternating sequence to adult male Fi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hochadel JF,Waalkes MP

更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents an overview of issues related to surface water contamination arising from uranium mining activities in the Alligator Rivers Region (ARR) of northern Australia, and a program of research and monitoring that must assess the potential and actual effects on ecosystem and human health. The program of as...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： van Dam RA,Humphrey CL,Martin P

更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we examined the relationship between maternal weight gain deficits induced by protein-and-energy restriction (PER) and pregnancy outcome. We also evaluated whether PER would potentiate the developmental toxicity of cyclophosphamide (CP) and hydroxyurea (HU). Two independent experiments--employing two di...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chahoud I,Kuriyama SN,Paumgartten FJ

更新日期：2002-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:L-695,256 is a novel 2-fluorenonyl carbapenem antibiotic with significant antimicrobial activity against strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci. This prototype compound was administered intravenously to rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) at does of 50 or 200 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks to assess toxicity and found to i...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lankas GR,Coleman JB,Klein HJ,Bailly Y

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction of oxidative stress by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) both as a pure compound and in commercial formulation was investigated during early pregnancy in mice. Pregnant animals were exposed to increasing doses of the herbicide (0.01, 0.1 and 100mg/kg/d) during gestation days 0-9, after which animals wer...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Dinamarca VM,Hidalgo ME,Cavieres MF

更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG) and dithiothreitol (DTT) on the metabolism and toxicity of acetaminophen (APAP) were examined in isolated mouse hepatocytes maintained in primary culture on collagen-coated dishes. Both NAC and MPG increased the formation of the glutathione and su...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Harman AW,Self G

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated that mammalian sperm are capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and that this activity is significantly accelerated in subfertile subjects. The observed decrease in penetration of zona-intact oocyte might be explained by chemical-induced ROS-related early onset of capacita...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hsu PC,Hsu CC,Guo YL

更新日期：1999-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytotoxicity and cardiotoxicity of benzoyl mustard (FCE 24517) and epoxamido (FCE 24561) synthetic derivatives of distamycin A were reported in the present study. The 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) of colony formation of FCE 24517 on human SNB-19 glioblastoma, A2780 ovarian cancer and DU 145 prostate cancer w...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Agen C,Sironi AM,Danesi R,Costa M,Bernardini N,Paparelli A,Della Torre P,Del Tacca M

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary dialkylphosphates (DAPs) are measured to assess exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), but they are common metabolites of OPs and not specific indices for individual agents. Biomonitoring (BM) of urinary DAPs has been widely adopted as an assessment of individual exposure in general environments, howev...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sato H,Ito Y,Hanai C,Nishimura M,Ueyama J,Kamijima M

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum dots (QDs) are potentially beneficial semi-conductor nanocrystals for use in diagnostics and therapeutics. The chemical composition of QDs however, has raised concerns as to their potential toxicity. Although a thorough examination using specific biochemical endpoints is necessary to assess QD toxicity, an und...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Clift MJ,Brandenberger C,Rothen-Rutishauser B,Brown DM,Stone V

更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A fixed combination of the three components, fructose, cyclosporin A and trifluoperazine (FCAT), was found to protect in the late stage of paracetamol-induced liver cell injury both in vivo and in an in vivo/in vitro system. Rats pre-induced with phenobarbitone were given a paracetamol dose of 1 g/kg i.p. The combinat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Beales D,McLean AE

更新日期：1996-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Aromatase enzyme plays a central role in steroidogenesis by converting androgens to estrogens and has been proposed as an important molecular target for many environmental endocrine disrupters chemicals. In this study, we have screened 30 selected pesticides with known, unknown or supposed effects on aromatase activit...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Laville N,Balaguer P,Brion F,Hinfray N,Casellas C,Porcher JM,Aït-Aïssa S

更新日期：2006-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemicals can increase carcinogenic risk by either directly damaging DNA or increasing cell replication or they can do both. These effects have different implications for a biologically-based extrapolation from rodent bioassays to humans. 2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) administered at low doses to mice for a lifetime h...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cohen SM

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-related differences in susceptibility to cephaloridine nephrotoxicity were evaluated in male Fischer-344 rats. Rats, 2.5, 4, 10-12 and 27-29 months old, were administered a single intraperitoneal dose of cephaloridine and renal function evaluated 24 h later. Susceptibility to cephaloridine-induced nephrotoxicity w...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Goldstein RS,Pasino DA,Hook JB

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have implicated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the influences of different components remain largely elusive. Here, we extended our previous work to investigate th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wei H,Feng Y,Liang F,Cheng W,Wu X,Zhou R,Wang Y

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Infusion phlebitis is a common clinical problem associated with some antimicrobial agents. The pathomechanism of infusion phlebitis has not yet been elucidated, however, it has been proposed that chemical irritation of the endothelium leads to subsequent sterile inflammation with recruitment and migration of...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kilic B,Kruse M,Stahlmann R

更新日期：2006-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The attempts to use nitroxide free radicals and nitrone spin traps topically in skin requires analysis of their potential cutaneous adverse effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the skin irritation and sensitizing potential of nitroxides and nitrones in the guinea pig. The following unsubstituted nit...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fuchs J,Groth N,Herrling T

更新日期：1998-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Both catecholamine (CA) released from adrenal chromaffin cells and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been shown to play critical roles in the regulation of hypoxic stress response. Our previous study has demonstrated that exogenous H2S directly induced quantal CA released from adult rat adrenal chromaffin cells (ARACCs) by ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang K,Zhu D,Yu X,Sun J,Yao W

更新日期：2013-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Conditions for the optimal expression of the human CYP1B1 hemoprotein in Escherichia coli have been investigated. CYP1B1 cDNA was prepared from a retinal cDNA template and used to generate cDNA fragments with modified 5'-sequences reported to allow enhanced expression in E. coli DH5alpha. Plasmids were constructed, us...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jansson I,Stoilov I,Sarfarazi M,Schenkman JB

更新日期：2000-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of fly ash inhalation on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and heme metabolism in lung and liver has been studied in rats. Fly ash inhalation induced pulmonary and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and glutathione S-transferase activity. Induction of cytochrome P-450 was accompani...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chauhan SS,Singh SK,Misra UK

更新日期：1989-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found that incubation of heparin plasma with Ni(2+) or Co(2+) at concentrations below 100 microM can stimulate the conversion of complement factor C3 to C3b faster than magnesium, which is the natural cofactor in the alternative complement activation. This conversion was monitored by light absorbance measureme...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Acevedo F,Vesterberg O

更新日期：2003-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural antioxidants like catechin are now known to have a modulatory role on physiological functions and biotransformation reactions involved in the detoxification process, thereby affording protection from toxic metabolic actions of xenobiotics. Reactive oxygen intermediates have been demonstrated to play an etiolog...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Parvez S,Tabassum H,Rehman H,Banerjee BD,Athar M,Raisuddin S

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of cancer initiation by fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) was investigated in rat liver by monitoring the effect of phenobarbital (PB) as cancer promoter and evaluating the involvement of spontaneously initiated cells. A PB promoting regimen (0.05% in the diet) stimulated the outgrowth of FB(1)-induced placental gluta...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gelderblom WC,Marasas WF,Lebepe-Mazur S,Swanevelder S,Abel S

更新日期：2008-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The expanding use of innovative botanical ingredients in dietary supplements and foods has resulted in a flurry of research aimed at the development and validation of analytical methods for accurate measurement of active ingredients. The pressing need for these methods is being met through an expansive collaborative i...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sullivan D,Crowley R

更新日期：2006-04-03 00:00:00