Abstract:
:Asthma, which is primarily an allergic type of respiratory disease, has increased in the U.S. and Europe by 30% over the last decade. Air pollution may play a role in this rise, since during episodes of smog, hospital admissions due to asthma increase. Ambient air quality has generally improved since the Clean Air Act was implemented in 1971 however, and has led some investigators to suggest that the increased risk of asthma is associated with a deterioration of indoor air quality through the introduction of closed ventilation systems and constant climate control. Thus, although the direct health effects of acute and chronic air pollutant exposure are not in dispute, emphasis on the sources and location of exposure is changing from outdoors to the home environment and workplace. The few experimental studies which have investigated the interaction of air pollutants with allergic disease have shown that exposure to O3 or NO2 can increase levels of allergen-specific antibody and may augment allergic symptoms. These experiments are reviewed along with a study conducted in our laboratory which demonstrated the enhancing effect of NO2 exposure on immune responses and pulmonary inflammation following sensitization and pulmonary challenge with house dust mite allergen (HDM). In this study, rats exposed to 5 ppm NO2 for 3 h after each immunization had significantly higher levels of serum IgE and local IgA, IgG and IgE antibody than air controls. Lymphocyte activity in the spleen and local lymph nodes, and pulmonary inflammatory cells were also increased in NO2-exposed rats. The results show that exposure to NO2 enhances immune responsiveness and the severity of pulmonary inflammation following antigen challenge. Since allergic individuals and most asthmatics also have increased immunity to these proteins, the possibility that air pollutant exposure enhances immune responses to allergens and thus exacerbates immune-mediated lung disease exists.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Gilmour MIdoi
10.1016/0300-483x(95)03230-dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-12-28 00:00:00pages
335-42issue
2-3eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
0300-483X(95)03230-Djournal_volume
105pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::Sensitivity to the toxic effects of xenobiotic agents is influenced by a number of factors. Recent evidence derived from studies using experimental animals suggests that inflammation is one of these factors. For example, induction of inflammation by coexposure to bacterial endotoxin, vitamin A or Corynebacterium parvu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00523-6
更新日期:2001-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Antagonistic toxic effects of selenium and lead were studied in growing rats. Chronic lead intoxication was produced by cutaneous application of lead naphthenate solution (80-200 mg Pb/kg body weight) for a period of 8 weeks and chronic selenium intoxication was induced by giving 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 15 ppm selenium in d...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(76)90041-x
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salicylate has been found to be an inhibitor of fatty acid synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. Half-maximal inhibition of fatty acid synthesis occurs at approximately 2 mM. The inhibitory effect of salicylate on fatty acid synthesis is not relieve by the addition of acetate, suggesting that salicylate inhibits the ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90060-9
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently it has become clear that exposure to xenobiotics may result in various forms of cell death; not only passive cell deaths like necrosis, or programmed cell deaths such as apoptosis, but also regulated necrosis, autophagy, senescence, or mitotic catastrophe. Complex cell signaling networks influence the process...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.12.014
更新日期:2013-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::The measurement of haemoglobin (Hb) adducts is an important tool for monitoring exposures to industrial chemicals such as ethylene, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The aim of the present study was to use this method to monitor occupational exposure to butadiene. The methodology was evaluated with Hb samples obtain...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(96)03435-x
更新日期:1996-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Clarification of the key regulatory steps that lead to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) under cellular and pathological conditions is very important. The action of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the upstream of NF-kappaB activation remains controversial. To examine this issue using an in vivo lung in...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.053
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paracetamol, in toxic doses, is associated with extensive liver damage. This represents one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in drug poisoning cases. This study was undertaken to investigate the possible potentiation of the hepatoprotective action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) by cimetidine (CMD), an inhibi...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(97)00069-3
更新日期:1997-09-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Infusion phlebitis is a common clinical problem associated with some antimicrobial agents. The pathomechanism of infusion phlebitis has not yet been elucidated, however, it has been proposed that chemical irritation of the endothelium leads to subsequent sterile inflammation with recruitment and migration of...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.09.014
更新日期:2006-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a matter of global concern. Arsenic intake impairs immune responses and leads to a variety of pathological conditions including cancer. In order to understand the intricate tuning of immune responses elicited by chronic exposure to arsenic, a mouse model was established by su...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.005
更新日期:2016-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) results from exposure to the light-weight metal beryllium (Be). In vitro stimulation of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from CBD subjects causes the production of high levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-6. We tested the hypothesis that Be-stimulation might induce the production of TNF-a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(99)00182-1
更新日期:2000-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::We had previously demonstrated that 1 mM 2,4-D inhibited cell growth, nucleic acid synthesis and protein synthesis (at the ribosomal level) of Azospirillum brasilense. These alterations were prevented by the presence of polyamines in the culture medium. On the other hand, polyamines did not affect the 2,4-D uptake. In...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)02952-5
更新日期:1995-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium, an environmental neurotoxic compound, produces cognitive disorders, although the mechanism remains unknown. Previously, we described that cadmium induces a more pronounced cell death on cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain (BF). This effect, partially mediated by M1 receptor blockade, triggering it throug...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.12.006
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), a major constituent of marijuana, has been shown to stimulate the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through cannabinoid receptor-independent signaling [Takeda, S., Yamaori, S., Motoya, E., Matsunaga, T., Kimura, T., Yamamoto, I., Watanabe, K., 2008. Delta(9)-Tetrahydroca...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.01.024
更新日期:2009-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cell detachment and cloning efficiency of Baby Hamster Kidney cells (BHK-21 C13) were used as parameters to quantify cytotoxicity in vitro of 3 endogenous chemicals (glutathione, L-methionine, L-cysteine HCl) and 4 organotin compounds (tributyltinoxide, tributyltinchloride, tetrabutyltin, tetraphenyltin). IC50 values ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90084-1
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ochratoxin A (OCT A) has the potential to cause myelotoxicity in addition to the well-known toxic effects on the liver and kidney. Whereas in previous studies the bone marrow parameters were examined shortly after injection, experiments reported here were designed to determine whether mice would recover from the myelo...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90236-3
更新日期:1988-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Intraperitoneal administration of Thimet (0.6 mg/kg) on alternate days for a period of 30 days produced various pathological and biochemical changes in the liver and testes of male gerbils. Histology of the liver showed necrosis, enlarged hepatocytes and fatty degeneration. Histological changes seen in the testes were...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(80)90076-1
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) consumption on trace element metabolism, components of the antioxidant defense system and lipid oxidative damage were studied in control (CON) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (DIAB) rats. Ten days after injection, CON and DIAB rats received either 0 mM NaVO3/80 mM NaCl (0 ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90096-b
更新日期:1993-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated abuse of stimulant drugs, cocaine and amphetamine, is associated with extraneuronal dopamine accumulation in specific brain areas. Dopamine may be cytotoxic through the generation of reactive oxygen species, namely hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting from dopamine oxidative metabolism. In this work, we studie...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.08.022
更新日期:2006-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Cell death triggers the release into extracellular spaces of products of chromatin catabolism, particularly of DNA. A sensitive DNA assay has been used to investigate in the mouse whether the quantitation of plasma DNA may be used as an index of in vivo cytotoxicity. It has been found that toxic doses of bacterial lip...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(90)90178-j
更新日期:1990-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Gambogic acid (GA), a major active component of gamboge, exhibits potent anticancer activity in many kinds of cancer cells. However, the anticancer mechanism of GA is not clearly understood. Here we showed that GA could cause growth inhibition, induce the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human chronic my...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.04.059
更新日期:2009-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::Acrylonitrile (AN) is widely used in the manufacturing of fibers, plastics and pharmaceuticals. Free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation is implicated in the toxicity of AN. The present study was designed to examine the ability of curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, to attenuate acute AN-induced lipid peroxidat...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.11.001
更新日期:2010-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A13 is mainly expressed in the respiratory system and has the ability to metabolize aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)). However, the role of CYP2A13-mediated AFB(1) metabolism and its consequences in human lung epithelial cell is not clear. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the si...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.06.010
更新日期:2012-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::This review deals with some of our contributions to the use of chemotaxis, as a tool in evaluating effects of industrial xenobiotics on PMN, either in vitro or ex vivo. In vitro experiments have shown that lead, arsenic, styrene and 2,5-hexanedione, a major neurotoxicant metabolite of n-hexane, reduce chemotaxis. The ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90142-2
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to cadmium (Cd) can cause a variety of biological effects including alterations of immune responses in animals and humans. Both immunosuppression and immunoenhancement have been reported. The present study was aimed at investigating the consequences of exposure to Cd on the human immunoglobulin (Ig) E synthes...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00044-1
更新日期:2003-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::The local lymph node assay (LLNA) is a regular method for the detection of sensitizing chemicals in mice which measures the incorporation of tritiated thymidine in lymph node cells. We have evaluated an alternative to this method based on the interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of lymph node cells. At the mRNA level, no c...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.09.003
更新日期:2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The mean concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (sum tetra- to octaBDEs) were determined in samples of foodstuffs widely consumed by the population of Catalonia, Northeast Spain. The following six tetra-through heptabrominated congeners were also individually analyzed: PBDEs 47, 99, 100, 153, 154 and...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.03.006
更新日期:2008-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::The administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to a variety of cultured cells may alter their ability to proliferate and die. In a previous study we demonstrated that TCDD induced proliferation in Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells where no signs of apoptosis were observed, but herein, analysis o...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.10.004
更新日期:2011-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive isomeric 3- and 4-trifluoromethylanilines (3-,4-TFMA), and control aniline itself, induced the following effects on biosynthesis of DNA in the liver, kidney, thymus and spleen of rats: (a) The administration of 4-TFMA initially suppressed the utilization of labeled thymidine for splenic DNA synthesis during t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90091-6
更新日期:1993-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The use of accurate and sensitive methods for the measurement of cytokines in body fluids is an absolute prerequisite for the proper use of these mediators in clinical practice. Many factors contribute to the complexity of cytokines quantitation: these molecules circulate at very low levels (e.g. pg/ml) under various ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(98)00063-8
更新日期:1998-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction in vivo of four O-alkyl O-2,5-dichlorophenyl phosphoramidates with neural neuropathy target esterase (NTE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and their ability to cause delayed polyneuropathy in hens has been examined. Previous studies in vitro (Vilanova, Johnson & Vicedo, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 28 (1...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(89)90081-4
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00